A POSTCAPITALIST PARADIGM: THE COMMON GOOD OF ...

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formed the capitalist market entirely. Financial markets have surpassed by far the markets of commodities and services to absurd and dangerous proportions. Even Financial Times has to admit it: ‘the most glaring and lethal example of this madness has been the growth of the unregulated derivatives market, which has ballooned in size to $600,000bn’. This speculation juggernaut is worth 40 times the world trade in merchandise and services. It’s also is the equivalent of nearly 10 years of the of global economic output or the equivalent of almost $100,000 per person on Earth. 32 The corporate state A very important part of the subsumption process is the ‘silent takeover’ of the state by capital. 33 In a capitalist system the role of government is not the common good, its priority is not to give a decent life to the citizens or to patronize their cultural and social development. The primary goal is to provide the best possible conditions (infrastructure, low costs, low taxes, low salaries, etc.) that business needs to flourish. If that requires war, it means war, as is illustrated by the bombardments of US since 1945. The ‘European state’ is also a good illustration of the silent takeover. The most powerful political entity of the EU is the European Commission. Almost all present commissioners were former CEO’s and the exceptions who are not, will probably be in the future. The Parliament has almost no real power and for every deputy there are six lobbyists. 34 The financial crisis and the repeated shocks afterwards shows the complete subordination of the politicians to the dictates of the commanding heights of finance. 32 Financial Times, February 16, 2011, p. 7. 33 Hertz N. The Silent Takeover,London 2001. 34 European Transparency Initiative, ‘Registering the Brussels lobby – five years after ‘, http://www.nujcec.org/brussels/index.php/latest-news/past_evts/burstingthe-brussels-bubble-alter-eu%E2%80%99s-new-look-at-corporate-lobbying. 112
US Bombardements since ‘45 China 1945-46 Korea 1950-53 China 1950-53 Guatemala 1954 Cuba 1959-61 Guatemala 1960 Vietnam 1961-73 Congo 1964 Laos 1964-73 Peru 1965 Guatemala 1967-69 Cambodia 1969-70 Nicaragua 1980-87 The colonization of mind To rule support of public opinion is essential. That public opinion is being moulded more and more by the mass media and that mass media is now almost completely in the hands of big capital. Here too there was a silent takeover. Even military industry has not been absent in this takeover. Dassault, a French arms manufacturer is a very good example. The following pronouncement of Marcel Dassault, the founder, speaks for itself: ‘My group should have a newspaper or review in order to express its opinion and perhaps also to reply to a few journalists who have written in a very unpleasant way. I’m tired of being insulted in several newspapers, because there are people who are incompetent and who do not know the real problems. So I want to be able to respond.’ 35 Today the poor man controls more than 70 newspapers or reviews. It is just one example. By some calculations, 70 percent of the French press is now in the hands of defence firms. 36 The result of this takeover is that public debate is not being held by the citizens but being held (or not being held) by the corporate media. One must admit, the commercial 35 http://www.acrimed.org/article1519.html 36 The Economist, July 8, 2006, p. 32. El Salvador 1980-87 Grenada 1983 Libya 1986 Panama 1989 Iraq 1991-2008 Somalia 1993 Bosnia 1995 Soedan 1998 Afghanistan 1998, 2001-2011 Yugoslavia 1999 Pakistan 2005-2011 Yemen 2009 Libya 2011 113
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A POSTCAPITALIST PARADIGM: THE COMM
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Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels
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The Commons, the Public and the Lef
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INTRODUCTION There are various sour
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The economic and cultural aspects a
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South and in the North. The struggl
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intend, in this document, to develo
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However, the financial bubble creat
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The second aspect is structural. Ov
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The precise years when the oil, gas
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in Asia, Africa and Latin America -
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exhaust the natural wealth of the e
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minor and temporary nature. In cont
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ary ones. Let us recapitulate them:
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uate each new initiative to create
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eality, sometimes in a very brutal
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Even if it affirms that nature is t
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with the cultures that have an anal
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ture, which is in fact more efficie
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international parliaments, represen
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positive connotation. In Bhutan, un
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Reorganizing collective life throug
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eality we do have a bottom-up civil
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gional institutions, like the Banco
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culturalistic view of spirituality,
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struggling for better relations wit
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medium-term economic policy based o
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can also do so through their repres
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As Marx put it, the process of labo
Page 59 and 60: and dramatically to endanger the ex
Page 62 and 63: Considering the above it is logical
Page 64 and 65: as the social, environmental and cu
Page 66 and 67: damaged by environmental degradatio
Page 68 and 69: system of the biosphere which makes
Page 70 and 71: cause in principle there is not eno
Page 72 and 73: specific solutions that should be a
Page 74 and 75: Dispossession and transfer of the p
Page 76 and 77: or the Interamerican Development Ba
Page 78 and 79: lion dollars to Africa and 1,680 mi
Page 80 and 81: Hence the FDI and the debt are mech
Page 82 and 83: The struggle for the Common Good of
Page 84 and 85: First part: The reference to Marx A
Page 86 and 87: icism of the neoclassical economist
Page 88 and 89: Fictitious capital is above all for
Page 90 and 91: and interest rates in markets that
Page 92 and 93: the owners of capital can only dela
Page 94 and 95: half the world’s military expendi
Page 96 and 97: ency. This enables the United State
Page 98 and 99: too). Besides, three-quarters of th
Page 100 and 101: securities; and - a crucial measure
Page 102 and 103: B. Keynes 1. Let’s be clear: the
Page 104 and 105: marginal effectiveness of capital i
Page 106 and 107: so deep and so difficult to resolve
Page 108 and 109: Inequality and the balance of power
Page 112 and 113: media have become real experts in
Page 114 and 115: Hierarchy of society 44 Capitalism
Page 116 and 117: The Chinese Revolution also subordi
Page 118 and 119: Substantive equality and the end of
Page 120 and 121: had a lot of construction faults, b
Page 122 and 123: the contrary. At the one hand the a
Page 124 and 125: Life Expectancy worst best best wor
Page 126 and 127: So ‘another growth’ or even a
Page 128 and 129: International Level A new, just eco
Page 130: MAKING THE COMMON GOOD OF HUMANITY
Page 134 and 135: law stated, he said, “that men, b
Page 136 and 137: population which was then forced by
Page 138 and 139: death and then beheaded under the r
Page 140 and 141: employment, against lack of access
Page 142 and 143: Therefore be it resolved that Artic
Page 144 and 145: on this mind, and built reality in
Page 146 and 147: (Harvey, 2003; Zeller, 2004). The e
Page 148 and 149: threatening the existence of a larg
Page 150 and 151: But in the public search for answer
Page 152 and 153: Fig. 3: Solidarity-based associatio
Page 154 and 155: and cultural life is lived on the b
Page 156 and 157: THE COMMONS, THE PUBLIC AND THE LEF
Page 158 and 159: then seeing in this merely the sust
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ON COMMON GOOD, MONEY AND CREDIT 11
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This discussion, however, falls sho
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during the current crisis. Authors
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This gradual alienation of sociabil
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COMMUNITARY SOVEREIGNTY VERSUS MONE
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growingly insufficient and uncertai
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cumulation feasible, which is the c
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the involved massive transformation
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larly, globalization and financiali
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mulation from a viable mode of regu
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In the following, I would like to a
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etween strict rejection and the att
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strongly fluctuating, and the expre
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society work together, changes in s
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classical redistribution policies.
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COMMONS: SOCIAL JUSTICE BY SHARING
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2 Multiplicity The one same basket
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is nowadays making certain resource
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and managed as collective property.
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everything - not our bodies, for ex
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“sell” them as if they were the
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nous and Peasant Coordinator) of Gu
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presupposes a harmonious relationsh
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nature and human beings.It is the h
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2. The functions of the concept in
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We have observed, in the positions
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nature and affirmed the symbiosis b
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eignty, participatory planning, etc
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As can be seen, we have two concept
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nous society” (Floresmilo Simbañ
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cultural apparatus of their traditi
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uct, fair redistribution of wealth
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parallel discourse for very differe
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WHAT MODERNITY? WHAT INTERCULTURALI
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an entirely different basis of inte
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consumption will convert us into
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Given these supposed problems, the
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possible future of indigenous cultu
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logical, esoteric and simply ethnic
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the different cultures. And when th
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is the spearhead that capitalism us
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clearly) and there are subtitles in
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Interculturality or interculturaliz
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wealth without limits, has come to
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ical companies, etc.) and to the
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then the same governments are takin
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The European experience of the Welf
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All these themes respond to the imm
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the right of participation in decis
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Good of Humanity is an extremely va
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vived five hundred years of extermi
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USING DEMOCRACY AND GIVING IT ANOTH
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President, reopened the dialogue, r
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processes, on the submission of agr
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practices of Good Living, and throu
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inclusion is being proposed in this
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trary it activates reciprocity: the
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So it is fundamental that this prop
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ways and not necessarily passed on
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The food crisis, traditional medici
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the mangrove resources, thousands o
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and poverty - which applies to many
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4 Indigenous Peoples of the America
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where I would also like to locate m
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In the 1970s, in the early days of
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and acquire meaning. 149 While the
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ops some programmatic lines for wha
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Minga is a mutual practice which si
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to the lack of social relationships
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In the immediate world political co
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the very basis of our increased abi
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ham’s pioneering work on science
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Science however was not just produc
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that again lie the possibilities of
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Such an alternative vision was firs
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Hind Swaraj, he clearly expressed h
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The term ‘people’s science’ s
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Well Being and Happiness The New Ec
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moditized”. That was because of t
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As for the second subject, monocult
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About the alternatives “Reviewing
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egard, commoditization of the basic
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7 Asia - Europe Peoples’ Forum RE
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Asian activists reject the ceaseles
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Network beginnings The Network for
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to have a broad strategy to achieve
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the current neoliberal policies on
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ations as commodities that can just
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8 Today´s World and the Winding SE
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tory (with a capital letter because
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would not be necessary to break the
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It is now a challenge for Cuba to g
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come irreversible. Europe, which wa
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say, but its materialization covers
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scientific superseding of the deifi
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seems to me to be of the utmost imm
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Chapter IV CONCLUSIONS AND TRANSITI
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aggravated the economic disaster. T
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have the time for a gradual evoluti
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sovereignty over natural resources,
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over time, but unsustainable in the
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It is in function of these realitie
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Bhabha, Homi (2002): El lugar de la
Page 366 and 367:
De Souza Santos, Boaventura (2010b)
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Global Footprint Network (2004): Hu
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Kovel, Joel and Löwy, Michael (200
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Paoli, Antonio (2003): Educación,
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Saxe-Fernández, John and Delgado R
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The Authors HASSAN ABOU-BAKR (Egypt
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VINOD RAINA (India) is a theoretica
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