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Research projects FWF P21251: Biosynthesis of phosphatidic acid in yeast Publications 1) Athenstaedt, K.: Neutral lipids in yeast: synthesis, storage and degradation. In Microbiology of Hydrocarbons, Oils, Lipids, and Derived Compounds. (Ed. by K. N. Timmis) Springer-Heidelberg, 2010, 471-480. 2) Athenstaedt, K.: Players in the neutral lipid game – proteins involved in neutral lipid metabolism in yeast. In Microbiology of Hydrocarbons, Oils, Lipids, and Derived Compounds. (Ed. by K. N. Timmis) Springer-Heidelberg, 2010, 537-546. 3) Athenstaedt, K.: Isolation and characterization of lipid particles of yeast. In Microbiology of Hydrocarbons, Oils, Lipids, and Derived Compounds. (Ed. by K. N. Timmis) Springer-Heidelberg, 2010, 4223-4229. 4) Athenstaedt, K.: Neutral lipid metabolism in yeast as a template for biomedical research. In Microbiology of Hydrocarbons, Oils, Lipids, and Derived Compounds. (Ed. by K. N. Timmis) Springer-Heidelberg, 2010, 3381-3382. 26
Biophysical chemistry group Group leader: Albin Hermetter Postdoctoral Fellow: Heidemarie Ehammer PhD students: Ute Stemmer, Daniel Koller, Claudia Ramprecht, Lingaraju Marlingapla Halasiddappa, Bojana Stojcic Master students: Andreas Gasser, Gabriel Pürstinger, Hannah Jaritz Technicians: Elfriede Zenzmaier General description Our research deals with the role of glycero(phospho)lipids and lipid modifying enzymes as components of membranes and lipoproteins, their function as mediators in cellular (patho)biochemistry, and their application as analytical tools in enzyme technology. Fluorescence spectroscopy is used as a main technique to investigate the behaviour of these biomolecules in the respective supramolecular systems. Section 1 of the following report summarizes our studies on lipid oxidation, the effects of oxidized lipids on intracellular signalling, and the inhibition of these processes by synthetic and natural antioxidants. Section 2 describes the development of fluorescence for functional proteomic analysis of lipolytic enzymes in microbial, animal and human cells. 1. Lipid oxidation and atherosclerosis – Lipotoxicity 1.1. Interaction of oxidized phospholipids with vascular cells Sphingomyelin acid Sphingomyelinase Oxidized - Phospholipids O H O O O O O O O O O O P O OH O O O O P O OH + N N + Ceramide OXPHOS-EuroMEMBRANE JNK p38 MAPK Caspase 3 ERK AKT/PKB NFkB PROLIFERATION SURVIVAL Interactions of oxidized lipoproteins with the cells of the arterial wall induce and influence the progress of atherosclerosis. Accumulation of foam cells originating from macrophages and excessive intimal growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) alternating with focal massive cell death are characteristics typical of the atherosclerotic lesion. These phenomena are largely mediated by the oxidized phospholipid components of the modified particles that are generated under the conditions of oxidative stress. In the framework of the research consortia LIPOTOX (SFB) and OXPHOS (EuroMEMBRANE), we investigate the “Toxicity of oxidized phospholipids in macrophages” and “The protein targets and apoptotic signaling of oxidized phospholipids”. These studies aim at identifying the molecular and cellular effects of an important subfamily of the oxidized phospholipids containing long hydrocarbon chains in 27
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