Biotechnology Research Roadmap - Science and Innovation

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growth of the sector worldwide. The biotechnology sector in New Zealand has moved from a purely speculative research base to having 50 companies whose core business is biotechnology, 130 who use biotechnology, and over 350 companies that consider themselves a part of the wider biotechnology community. Despite recent expansion, the biotechnology sector in New Zealand is still at a very early stage, with most (62%) of the biotechnology techniques used by New Zealand organisations at R&D stage. Of the 50 core biotechnology companies, 50% were created in the last three years. On a global scale New Zealand accounts for less than 0.001% of world biotechnology revenue. 32 Despite the New Zealand biotechnology industry’s small scale globally, revenues continue to grow incrementally – with biotechnology income for the 2005 financial year valued at $811 million. Of this, the private sector contributed $515 million, the public sector $160 million and the higher education sector the remaining $135 million. Biotechnology expenditure over the same period was valued at $642 million. New Zealand biotechnology companies currently export to more than 60 countries. Major export markets include the United States, Europe and Australia. NZBio estimates that export earnings may reach the $1 billion mark around 2014. 33 The biotechnology sector in New Zealand exhibits many unique characteristics due to a distinct research, industrial and environmental mix as well as its small size and distance from its major markets. Comparative international statistics show that New Zealand has a significantly higher percentage of biotechnology firms active in agro-food applications than other countries (Figure 3). This is to be expected from what has always been the very strong biological base to the New Zealand economy. In short, the growth of the biotechnology industry is in great part a re-focusing of what New Zealand has always done. Figure 3 60 50 40 Percentage of biotechnology firms active in agro-food applications (2003) 34 30 20 10 New Zealand (2005) (1) South Africa (2002) (1) Canada (2) Iceland (1) % Korea (2004) (2) Israel (2002) (1) Australia (1) Germany (2004) (1) Norway (2,4) Finland (1) France (3) China (Shanghai) (1) Poland (2004) (2) Belgium (3) United States (2001) (1,5) Ireland (2,4) Sweden (2) United Kingdom (2,4) Switzerland (2,4) Denmark (2,4) 32 Statistics New Zealand (2005), Biotechnology in New Zealand, 33 New Zealand Biotech Sector Overview (August 2005), Asia Pacifi c Biotech Journal 34 OECD Biotechnology Statistics – 2006 p.28 (note: agriculture-derived processing is assigned to industrial-environmental applications) 16 Roadmaps for Science : biotechnology research
Biomedicine is the major focus for the international biotechnology industry with the dual lure of improved health outcomes and the vast profits that can be made from successfully commercialising therapeutic applications. Final presentation to market is dominated by a handful of very large companies that have the financial clout to get drug candidates through the last stages of the clinical trials process and the sales force to market drugs to mass or niche markets. end of the research spectrum to R&D intensive biotechnology companies and public research institutions. This can only benefit New Zealand. New Zealand has established a significant track record in the areas of cancer and diabetes based therapeutics and carbohydrate based drugs with a substantial number of drug candidates currently in Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved clinical trials (Table 1). There is, however, a growing trend within the pharmaceutical industry to outsource the discovery Table 1 Drug compounds developed in New Zealand in FDA approved clinical trial (as of November 2006) Company Partner Drug Indication Phase Antipodean Mitoquinone Parkinson’s & Biotechnology Friedrichs ataxia P I Auckland Amsacrine Leukaemia In Market Cancer Society Xenova XR-11576 Cancer PI Millennium MLN-944 Cancer PI Antisoma DMXAA Cancer PII Pfizer CI-1033 Cancer PII (Canertinib) Proacta PR-104 Cancer PI Industrial Research BioCryst BCX-1777 Leukemia PII (Orphan) Limited BioCryst BCX-4208 Cancer PII Protemix Laszarin Diabetes PII/III Neuren Glypromate Stroke PII NNZ-2566 Neuroprotection PI Virionyx PEHRG214 AIDS PII Recent successes include: • The licencing of a drug candidate (BCX-4028) developed by the Carbohydrate Chemistry Team at Industrial Research Ltd (IRL) to Hoffmann La Roche for use in treating transplant rejection and auto immune diseases. Future milestone payments could exceed $500m. • An FDA ruling that Neuren can advance its stroke drug candidate Glypromate directly into Phase III trial, without a planned Phase IIb trial. Roadmaps for Science : biotechnology research 17
Page 3 and 4: ROADMAPS forSCIENCE A GUIDE FOR NEW
Page 5 and 6: Summary Biotechnology research has
Page 7 and 8: Directions : ECONOMIC 1 The governm
Page 9 and 10: 1.2 Scope of this Roadmap Since 200
Page 11 and 12: The biotechnology industry has grow
Page 13 and 14: 2.3 Future outlook 15 • cleaner,
Page 15 and 16: 2.6 Biotechnology and society No te
Page 17: The perception that this is a “su
Page 21 and 22: 3.4 A unique environment New Zealan
Page 23 and 24: 4 The strategic landscape Section s
Page 25 and 26: Food and Beverage Taskforce 50 The
Page 27 and 28: 4.2 The biotechnology regulatory en
Page 29 and 30: 5 Biotechnology Research in New Zea
Page 31 and 32: 5.2 Who is allocating biotechnology
Page 33 and 34: Using these horizon categories, FRS
Page 35 and 36: The core public sector biotechnolog
Page 37 and 38: Current investment levels and trend
Page 39 and 40: Proacta Therapeutics Proacta Therap
Page 41 and 42: Figure 10 Animal biotechnology rese
Page 43 and 44: Smart Sheep Science New Zealand is
Page 45 and 46: Issues or gaps The impact of biotec
Page 47 and 48: (Side Box) Case Study: ‘Nature Id
Page 49 and 50: National Centre for Advanced Bio-pr
Page 51 and 52: 6 Directions for Biotechnology Rese
Page 53 and 54: Table 5 provides a summary of the s
Page 55 and 56: Short-term actions: Research fundin
Page 57 and 58: Short term actions: MoRST and New Z
Page 59 and 60: 6.2.2 Directions: Environmental Dir
Page 61 and 62: 6.2.3 Directions: Research to suppo
Page 63 and 64: Direction 11 Greater focus on colla
Page 65 and 66: Annex 1 References ABT Associates (
Page 67 and 68: Annex 2 Continuum of public researc
Page 69 and 70:
Outcome-focused (Targeted Research)
Page 71 and 72:
Plant improvement Production of new
Page 73 and 74:
Biodiversity, Ecology & Evolution I
Page 75 and 76:
Government funded research by each
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Biotechnology Research Roadmap - Science and Innovation

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