FUNGI AND LICHENS IN THE BALTICS AND BEYOND XVIII ...
FUNGI AND LICHENS IN THE BALTICS AND BEYOND XVIII ...
FUNGI AND LICHENS IN THE BALTICS AND BEYOND XVIII ...
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FUR<strong>THE</strong>R RESULTS ON CONSERVATION OF LICHENISED <strong>FUNGI</strong> <strong>IN</strong><br />
HUNGARY<br />
E. FARKAS 1 , L. LŐKÖS 2 , K. MOLNÁR 1<br />
1 Institute of Ecology and Botany of HAS, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary<br />
2 Botany Department, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Pf. 222, H-1476 Budapest,<br />
Hungary<br />
E-mails: efarkas@botanika.hu, lokos@bot.nhmus.hu, kmcz100@gmail.com<br />
Efforts for legal protection of lichens in Hungary from 1999 to 2004 were summarised<br />
in a former presentation during the XVIth Symposium of Mycologists and Lichenologists of<br />
the Baltic States, Latvia, September 2005. Due to our activities 5 lichen species (Cetraria<br />
aculeata, Cladonia magyarica, Usnea florida, Xanthoparmelia pseudohungarica and X.<br />
subdiffluens) became protected by law (23/2005(VIII.31) KvVM) in August 2005. Further 3<br />
lichen species of the genus Cladina (C. arbuscula, C. mitis and C. rangiferina) were included<br />
in an additional law (18/2008(VI.19) KvVM) for conserving further rare and endangered<br />
organisms in Hungary. However, recent studies emphasize that Hungarian populations of<br />
these species need taxonomic revision urgently. Our forecast about a better understanding of<br />
the importance of biodiversity seems to be fulfilled. We still hope that even more species will<br />
gain protection in future and our results in taxonomy will support conservation of lichenised<br />
fungi.<br />
Acknowledgements. Our work was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research<br />
Fund (OTKA T47160 and K81232).<br />
SPORE ORNAMENTATION <strong>AND</strong> APO<strong>THE</strong>CIA SURFACE <strong>IN</strong> <strong>THE</strong> LICHEN<br />
FAMILIES Gyalectaceae <strong>AND</strong> Coenogoniaceae<br />
L. V. GAGAR<strong>IN</strong>A<br />
Laboratory of Lichenology and Bryology, Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS, Prof. Popov<br />
Str. 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia<br />
E-mail: kvercus@yandex.ru<br />
The Gyalectaceae and Coenogoniaceae are families of lichenized ascomycetes. The<br />
family Gyalectaceae includes widely distributed species. Coenogoniaceae occur mainly in<br />
tropical regions. Morphology and anatomy of these families is poorly investigated.<br />
The aim of our research is to study the spore ornamentation and apothecia surface in<br />
the lichen families Gyalectaceae and Coenogoniaceae by the method of scanning electron<br />
microscopy. Totally twenty four species were investigated. The spores and apothecia were<br />
examined and photographed in JSM 63 90 LA scanning electron microscope (SEM).<br />
The lichens from families Gyalectaceae and Coenogoniaceae can be divided into five<br />
groups on the basis of spore ornamentation: 1) smooth, without ornamentation – Belonia<br />
herculina, B. russula, Coenogonium luteum, C. pineti, Gyalecta derivata, G. friesii, G.<br />
jenensis, G. kukriensis, G. leucaspis, G. liguriensis, G. schisticola, G. subclausa, G. titovii, G.<br />
truncigena, G. ulmi, Pachyphiale carneola, P. fagicola, P. ophiospora, Ramonia luteola; 2)<br />
with poorly developed ornamentation – Gyalecta flotovii; 3) slightly verrucose – Gyalecta<br />
foveolaris, G. peziza; 4) verrucose – Gyalecta geoica; 5) areolate – Gyalecta nigricans.<br />
Some information concerning apothecia surface has been obtained. Margin surface is<br />
similar for all studied species. According to the disc surface, species were divided into three<br />
main groups: