FUNGI AND LICHENS IN THE BALTICS AND BEYOND XVIII ...

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2007-2009 in 25 m radius sample plots. Totally were evaluated 100 plots. Forest stand parameters, dead-wood and species of fungi were evaluated in each plot. Only old-growth indicator species were taken into account. Totally 27 species of fungi were discovered. The most common species were Xylobolus frustulatus (105 occurences), Fomitopsis rosea (46) and Clavicorone pyxidata (30). Meanwhile 5 species were recorded only once. Among the most interesting species for the region can be mentioned Piptoporus quercinus and Hapalopilus salmonicolor. The most important tree species for the rare wood-inhabiting fungi were determined being Quercus robur, Picea abies and Populus tremula. The highest species richness of fungi was registered on Picea wood, followed by Populus and Quercus. Meanwhile biggest abundance was detected on Quercus, followed by Picea and Populus. Coarse dead wood of medium decay stages proved to be most important substratum for rare fungi. Significant difference in rare species diversity and abundance was found between long-time untouched and managed forests. MONITORING OF FUNGAL DISEASES IN STRAWBERRY COMMERCIAL FIELDS IN LATVIA R. RANCANE, L. VILKA, J. VOLKOVA*, M.EIHE, A. BAZHENOVA Latvian Plant Protection Research Centre, Struktoru Str. 14a, LV-1039 Riga, Latvia *E-mail: julija.volkova@laapc.lv The diversity of strawberry fungal pathogens and their distribution in commercial fields in Latvia has been investigated since 2007. Ecological, climatic and agricultural factors cause changes in the distribution of fungal diseases, and their importance. The first observation was done in 2007, when 31 commercial strawberry plantations were surveyed in all territory of Latvia. Samples of damaged leaves and rotted berries were collected during survey. From the leaves and berries fungi were isolated directly on the isolation plates and identified by comparing morphological characteristics from descriptions in the literature. Further observations were carried out in the following years. During the monitoring in 2007, from berries mainly traditional pathogen Botrytis cinerea was isolated; it was found in all observed fields. Also secondary fungi – Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp. and Fusarium spp. were observed frequently. Other isolated pathogens: Hainesia lythri, Idriella lunata and Coniella castaneicola were found in a few samples. Phomopsis obscurans was isolated just in one sample in 2007, but in the later observations it was observed more frequently from leaves and berries, especially from the fields with imported planting material. Plants of strawberry’s variety ‘Sonata’ were often infected with Phomopsis obscurans. In 2007 powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca macularis was observed only in Kurzeme region which is located more to South, South-West part of Latvia, but in further observations in 2010 and 2011 powdery mildew was observed also in Central and Northern regions of Latvia, especially on susceptible varieties, such as ‘Zephyr’, ‘Kent’, ‘Petrina’. Some damages related to different Phytophtora species were observed in fields in 2011 but further investigations and observations are necessary.
FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SEED AND PLANT INFECTION OF PEPPER R. RODEVA 1 , Z. STOYANOVA 1 , E. SURVILIENE 2 , P. CHAVDAROV 3 1 Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of BAS, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria 2 Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno 30, Babtai LT-54333, Kaunas distr., Lithuania 3 Institute for Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo, Bulgaria E-mails: r.rodeva@abv.bg, zornica_st@abv.bg, e.surviliene@lsdi.lt, chavdarov_petar@abv.bg Plant diseases can be a limiting factor in pepper production in Bulgaria and Lithuania. Fungus related diseases are the most common. Plants may exhibit wilting, discoloration, poor growth, and spots. Plant problems are often associated with infected seeds. An investigation was undertaken to range over the most distributed fungi associated with seed and plant infection of pepper. Root, stem, leaf, fruit and seed samples were collected from diseased pepper plants. Seeds or pieces of damaged tissue were surface sterilized and transferred on potato dextrose agar medium. Fungal pathogens were isolated, identified and characterized mainly at species level. Alternaria alternata, Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici, Verticillium dahliae, Verticillium albo-atrum, Colletotrichum coccodes and Macrophomina phaseolina were found predominant in plants showing symptoms of wilting. The most frequently isolated fungi from aboveground plant parts were Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata, A. solani, Colletotrichum acutatum, C. coccodes, C. gloeosporioides, Phomopsis capsici, Phoma sp., Fusarium solani. Fungal species Phytophthora capsici and Leveillula taurica were found only occasionally. Microbiological analysis on the potato dextrose agar medium of 16 varieties of sweet pepper seeds showed fungal infection up to 5.63% and bacterial up to 16.88%. The dominant species and isolates of fungi determined by their morphological characteristics were Acremonium sp., Alternaria radicina, A. alternata, A. solani, Aspergillus sp., Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, C. sphaerospermum, Cercospora kikuchii, Colletotrichum dematium, Mortierella sp., Mortierella hyaline, Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, Torula herbarum, Verticillium sp. and Mycelia sterilia. Adequate knowledge concerning the pathogens is essential for appropriate pest management. PATHOGENIC MICROBIOTA OF TREE LEAVES IN URBAN GREENERY OF MINSK A. TELESH Department of Forest Protection and Wood Science, Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova Str. 13a, 220006 Minsk, Belarus E-mail: oxygene2009@tut.by Tillet (Tilia cordata), horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) and Norway maple are the predominating species which are used in green areas in transport and recreation areas of Minsk. Their frequency is 24.4%, 20.9% and 16.9% respectively. In the city conditions fungal diseases of leaves of these species such as blotch or powdery mildew are widespread. The distribution of leaf blotch of horse chestnuts reaches 50.0%, 18.1% of Norway maples and 35.1% of tillets. Following species of disease agents of leaves are the most widespread and harmful: brown blotch (Phillosticta sphaeropsoidea (Ellis et Everh.) Petrak), yellow blotch (Phillosticta castaneae Ell. et Ev.), brown blotch (Cylindrosporium castanicola (Desm.)
Page 1 and 2: FUNGI AND LICHENS IN THE BALTICS AN
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Programme Field trip sites
Page 5 and 6: LICHENOLOGICAL SECTION E. Farkas, L
Page 7 and 8: Alternative trip: Šakymas Strict N
Page 9 and 10: production of conidia (a single con
Page 11 and 12: Among the collected 81 herbarium sp
Page 13 and 14: different fungal species of the sam
Page 15: FUNGI IN SOIL BELOW CORMORANT (PHAL
Page 19 and 20: North America. Presence of this fun
Page 21 and 22: pathogen of shoots, and was detecte
Page 23 and 24: The frequency more than 10% showed
Page 25 and 26: 1. Disc surface waxy-looking - Belo
Page 27 and 28: ON THE LICHENS OF SVALBARD ARCHIPEL
Page 29 and 30: important because of the recently d
Page 31 and 32: EPIPHYTIC AND EPIXYLIC LICHENS IN G
Page 33 and 34: LICHEN STUDIES ON KARELIAN ISTHMUS
Page 35 and 36: Nordic Lichen Flora vol. 4 - Parmel
Page 37 and 38: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS BELARUS Ann Te
Page 39 and 40: Dmitry E. Himelbrant, Faculty of Bi

FUNGI AND LICHENS IN THE BALTICS AND BEYOND XVIII ...

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