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ENDNOTES FOR CHAPTER 2
1. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’s
Proliferation Practices, and the Development of its Cyber and Space Warfare Capabilities,
testimony of Patricia McNerney, May 20, 2008.
2. ‘‘Full text of white paper on Arms Control,’’ China Daily, September 1, 2005.
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005–09/01/contentl474248.htm.
3. ‘‘Full text of white paper on Arms Control,’’ China Daily, September 1, 2005.
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005–09/01/contentl474248l3.htm.
4. ‘‘China’s National Defense in 2006,’’ issued by the Information Office of the
State Council, People’s Republic of China, December 29, 2006. http://www.fas.org/
nuke/guide/china/doctrine/wp2006.html.
5. Article 1, Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. http://www.ctbto.org/treaty/treaty
text.tt.html.
6. Shirley A. Kan, China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and
Missiles: Policy Issues (Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC: updated
April 6, 2006), p. 1.
7. Shirley A. Kan, China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and
Missiles: Policy Issues (Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC: updated
December 13, 2007), p. 2; U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission,
Hearing on China’s Proliferation and the Impact of Trade Policy on Defense Industries
in the United States and China, testimony of Donald Mahley, July 12, 2007.
8. The Australia Group, ‘‘AG [Australia Group] Objectives,’’ http://www.australia
group.net/en/objectives.html.
9. Inventory of International Nonproliferation Organizations and Regimes,
‘‘Hague Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCOC)’’ (Center for
Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey, CA). http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/inven/pdfs/icoc.pdf.
10. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security, ‘‘The
Waasenaar Arrangement.’’ http://www.bis.doc.gov/wassenaar/default.htm.
11. Shirley A. Kan, China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and
Missiles: Policy Issues (Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC: updated
December 13, 2007), p. 2.
12. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’s
Proliferation Practices, and the Development of its Cyber and Space Warfare Capabilities,
testimony of Patricia McNerney, May 20, 2008; Nuclear Threat Initiative,
‘‘Chemical Overview,’’ China Profile, December 2007. http://www.nti.org/elresearch/
profiles/China/Chemical/index.html.
13. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’s
Proliferation Practices, and the Development of its Cyber and Space Warfare Capabilities,
testimony of Patricia McNerney, May 20, 2008.
14. ‘‘U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’s
Proliferation Practices, and the Development of its Cyber and Space Warfare Capabilities,
testimony of Stephen Rademaker, May 20, 2008.
15. David E. Sanger, ‘‘U.S. and Russia Will Police Nuclear Terrorists,’’ New York
Times, July 15, 2006.
16. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, ‘‘The Proliferation
Security Initiative,’’ February 29, 2008. http://www1.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb/zzjg/
jks/kjlc/fkswt/t410725.htm.
17. In July 1993, American intelligence officials suspected that the Chinese ship,
the Yinhe, was carrying ingredients for chemical weapons and began tracking and
photographing the ship after its departure from the port of Dalian. U.S. naval vessels
followed the ship into waters near the Strait of Hormuz and urged countries
in the region not to allow the Chinese ship to dock. In August, the ship anchored
off the coast of Oman, taking on fuel and supplies, while the U.S. government and
China negotiated to allow inspection of the Chinese ship by U.S. and Saudi Arabian
officials. Upon agreement, the Yinhe docked at a Saudi port, and a Saudi-American
inspection team searched the ship for the suspected chemical weapons ingredients—
thiodiglycol and thionyl chloride. The inspection did not find these materials aboard
the ship. John F. Copper, Playing with Fire: The Looming War with China over Taiwan
(Praeger Security International, Westport, CT: 2006), p. 76; Statement by the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China on the ‘‘Yin He’’ Incident
(September 4, 1993). http://www.nti.org/db/china/engdocs/ynhe0993.htm; Nicholas
D. Kristof, ‘‘China Says U.S. Is Harassing Ship Suspected of Taking Arms to
Iran,’’ New York Times, August 8, 1993; ‘‘Chemicals on Chinese Ship Usable for
Arms, U.S. Says,’’ Los Angeles Times, August 10, 1993; ‘‘China Says Cargo Ship Will
Anchor Off Oman,’’ New York Times, August 14, 1993; Jim Mann, ‘‘Saudis May Inspect
Chinese Cargo Due in Iran Diplomacy,’’ Los Angeles Times, August 24, 1993;