Mercury

Principles
• Surface active agent’s ability to fix on to the interface and
change its properties is due to its amphiphilicity( 两 亲 性 ).
• Molecular structure nonpolar lipophilic group and polar
hydrophilic group;
• Lipophilic group: hydrocarbon chain, polyoxyalkylene chain( 聚
氧 丙 烯 链 ) , fluorocarbon chain( 碳 氟 链 ), silane chain( 硅 烷 链 ),
etc.
• Hydrophilic group: -COOM, -SO 3 M, -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-( 聚 氧 乙 烯 链 )
• Not all molecules with amphiphilic structure are surface active
agents, like sodium formate with a short lipophilic group, thus
it’s not lipophilic enough to become surface active.