PART 5_2 Chemical contaminants and ecotoxicology

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Chemicals of Ecotoxicological interest • They are toxic and in many cases their metabolites are also harmful e.g. DDT & DDE (metabolite of DDT) • They are very stable both chemically and environmentally • Their stability has lead to their persistence and ubiquitous nature in the environment • Almost all chemicals of ecotoxicologigal interest are bioavailable and in most cases undergo bioaccumluation and biomagnification (food chain)
Chemical behavior and Bioavailability Bioconcentration (from external environment) Bioaccumulation (from external environment/food ) Biomagnification (at higher tropic level)
Page 1 and 2: Environmental Chemistry Part 5 Bios
Page 4 and 5: Beyond our toxin trail Is the grave
Page 6 and 7: There are also differences. Toxicol
Page 8 and 9: •At population level, response ca
Page 10 and 11: Assessment of Structural Changes ch
Page 14 and 15: Bioavailabiltiy The fraction of a c
Page 17: Biomagnification - where the chemic
Page 20 and 21: ECOSYSTEMS: Fate of Metals • The
Page 22 and 23: Fate of Metals • pH is very impor
Page 24 and 25: ECOSYSTEMS: Terrestrial • Mobilit
Page 26: ECOSYSTEMS: Aquatic • The ultimat
Page 29 and 30: 1. Biomarkers of exposure Biomarker
Page 31 and 32: 2. Biomarkers of Effect Biomarkers
Page 33 and 34: Biomarkers in order of decreasing s
Page 35 and 36: Biomarker interpretation • Specie
Page 37 and 38: Example • The pollutant binding t
Page 39 and 40: • Binding: - Reversible vs. Irrev
Page 41 and 42: Protective biochemical response •
Page 43 and 44: Non-protective response - Binding t
Page 45 and 46: Non-protective response • Environ
Page 47 and 48: Behavioral Changes - Either or both
Page 49 and 50: Diclofenac residues as the cause of
Page 51 and 52: Some General effects of pollution o
Page 53 and 54: What is an Endocrine Disruptor “
Page 57: Hormone regulation and feedback con
Page 60: Genomic mechanisms of ED action •
Page 65 and 66:
Various Classes of EDCs Flame Retar
Page 67 and 68:
Bioavailability of PBDEs ‣Found i
Page 69:
Health Effects of PBDEs ‣Similar
Page 72 and 73:
Atrazine • A chlorotriazine herbi
Page 74 and 75:
聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 让长牙
Page 76 and 77:
Tributyltin (TBT) 三丁基锡
Page 78 and 79:
许多生物对有机锡的
Page 80 and 81:
Alkylphenol( 烷基酚 ) • 聚
Page 82 and 83:
EDSTAC Tier 2 dose-response relatio
Page 86:
Temperature-dependent sex determina
Page 89 and 90:
III. Field studies Manipulative Obs
Page 91 and 92:
Excised microcosms are segments of
Page 94 and 95:
Biomonitoring
Page 96 and 97:
An Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI)
Page 98:
Example 1 • What will happen When
Page 105:
•Data required to conduct an ecol
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PART 5_2 Chemical contaminants and ecotoxicology

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