Page 1 ا > ) ( Page 2 Page 3 3 ا پ ر از ب و ا ا و . ا. او ء ر ا ا داه . ا از رو ن ا ...
Page 1 ا > ) ( Page 2 Page 3 3 ا پ ر از ب و ا ا و . ا. او ء ر ا ا داه . ا از رو ن ا ...
Page 1 ا > ) ( Page 2 Page 3 3 ا پ ر از ب و ا ا و . ا. او ء ر ا ا داه . ا از رو ن ا ...
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
فصل د<strong>و</strong>م 89<br />
..."<br />
<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> چه چيز د<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> محد<strong>و</strong>ده <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د؟ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه يک کلمه هم<br />
<strong>ن</strong>میگ<strong>و</strong>يد. <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> هيچ ج<strong>ا</strong> تم<strong>ا</strong>يلی <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ر</strong>ضه ’ت<strong>و</strong>فق‘ قدم <strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه م<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>زه<strong>ا</strong>ی جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>کی د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده، که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> تئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت <strong>پ</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>ست، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>مید<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د..."<br />
م<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> کد<strong>ا</strong>م "م<strong>ر</strong>زه<strong>ا</strong>" <strong>ا</strong>ٓي<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>زه<strong>ا</strong>ی "هم<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>گی" م<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ا</strong>ست که<br />
متص<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>فک<strong>ا</strong>ک <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong> خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> محيط، عي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> ذه<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ط ميدهد؟ مسئله<strong>ا</strong>ی که<br />
ت<strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف مط<strong>ر</strong>ح شده <strong>ب</strong>ی مع<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> مسئله <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong>ی معق<strong>و</strong>ل مط<strong>ر</strong>ح ک<strong>ر</strong>ده<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د، <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>ح میديد که جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>جی "د<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>زه<strong>ا</strong>ی" <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يدهه<strong>ا</strong>ی<br />
<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ق<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> کلمه ’تف<strong>و</strong>ق‘ يک <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> ديگ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> مل<strong>ا</strong> میس<strong>ا</strong>زد. <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> يک "<strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>"<br />
خ<strong>ا</strong>ص ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تی <strong>و</strong> هي<strong>و</strong>می <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>صل م<strong>ر</strong>زی <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>و</strong>د <strong>و</strong> شيئ فی<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ن</strong>فسه <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت میگ<strong>و</strong>يد ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>و</strong>د، ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> خ<strong>و</strong>ش د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يد، <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س، <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک <strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ر</strong>ه <strong>ب</strong>ه شيئ<br />
م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ر</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک م<strong>ا</strong> يک تف<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong>ست؛ <strong>و</strong> تف<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ن</strong>ه <strong>ب</strong>ه د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ش <strong>ب</strong>لکه <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>يم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ست. هي<strong>و</strong>م<br />
<strong>ا</strong>عت<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض میک<strong>ن</strong>د که تف<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تیه<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د هي<strong>و</strong>میه<strong>ا</strong>، م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسته<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز يک م<strong>ن</strong>طقه <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
تف<strong>و</strong>قی <strong>و</strong> "مت<strong>ا</strong>فيزيسته<strong>ا</strong>ئی" میخ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د که ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> (<strong>ب</strong>ه ل<strong>ا</strong>تي<strong>ن</strong><br />
يک م<strong>ن</strong>طقه <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ً متف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ت ديگ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>م میده<strong>ن</strong>د. د<strong>ر</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ست<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> مع<strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> فلسفه که خط<br />
م<strong>ر</strong>تجع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت <strong>و</strong> هي<strong>و</strong>م <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، (فقط <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>می <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> که ت<strong>و</strong>سط <strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>شيل<strong>و</strong>ف چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف شم<strong>ر</strong>ده<br />
شده <strong>ب</strong>گي<strong>ر</strong>يد) ممک<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>ب</strong>ه تقليده<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong>ی <strong>پ</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د ک<strong>ن</strong>يد که <strong>ب</strong>ه هز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> شکل <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی متهم<br />
س<strong>ا</strong>خت<strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم <strong>ب</strong>ه "مت<strong>ا</strong>فيزيکی" <strong>و</strong> "تف<strong>و</strong>قی" ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت ي<strong>ا</strong>فته<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ست<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>تجع هم<br />
کلمه <strong>و</strong> هم سي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ر</strong>ض گ<strong>ر</strong>فت <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>سم "<strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong><strong>و</strong>زيسي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>خي<strong>ر</strong>" د<strong>ر</strong> ه<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> میچ<strong>ر</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د!<br />
د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع <strong>ا</strong>يده "تف<strong>و</strong>ق" يع<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>يده يک م<strong>ر</strong>ز د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>صل <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>ِ <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>و</strong>د <strong>و</strong> شيئ فی<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ن</strong>فسه، <strong>ا</strong>يده مهمل<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيکه<strong>ا</strong> (<strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ضم<strong>ا</strong>م هي<strong>و</strong>میه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تیه<strong>ا</strong>) <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسته<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><br />
مث<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓليز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ت<strong>و</strong>ضيح د<strong>ا</strong>ده<strong>ا</strong>يم <strong>و</strong> مجدد<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز ز<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ف<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>و</strong> ژ<strong>و</strong>زف ديتژگ<strong>ن</strong> ت<strong>و</strong>ضيح<br />
خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>هيم د<strong>ا</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ل ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> "تجديد <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong>" <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس تم<strong>ا</strong>م ک<strong>ن</strong>يم:<br />
ج<strong>ا</strong>ئی د<strong>ر</strong> "<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>تی د<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>گ"، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس میگ<strong>و</strong>يد که ’هستی‘ خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong>ز قلم<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک، يک<br />
مسئله <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ست، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی مسئله<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ست که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>پ</strong><strong>ا</strong>سخ د<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> ي<strong>ا</strong> حتی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong>سيد<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong><br />
هيچ ي<strong>ا</strong>فته<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يم."<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ستدل<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه د<strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل م<strong>ا</strong>خيست <strong>ا</strong>ٓلم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ف<strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ر</strong>يش <strong>ا</strong>ٓدل<strong>ر</strong> تک<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> میک<strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> مث<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ٓخ<strong>ر</strong><br />
حتی <strong>ب</strong>دت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> "<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک حسی" <strong>ا</strong>ست که "<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعيت م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong>ز م<strong>ا</strong>ست." <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس د<strong>ر</strong> "<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>تی<br />
د<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>گ" صفحه ٢١ چ<strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong>جم <strong>ا</strong>ٓلم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی میگ<strong>و</strong>يد:<br />
"<strong>و</strong>حدت جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> هستی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>يست، <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> چه هستی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> ش<strong>ر</strong>ط مقدم<strong>ا</strong>تی <strong>و</strong>حدت <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست. چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> که<br />
جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>تد<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>يد مطمئ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد، ق<strong>ب</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که يکی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد. هستی <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ستی هميشه مسئله <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>زی <strong>ا</strong>ست.<br />
م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> میي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>د.<br />
د<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>ن</strong>قطه<strong>ا</strong>ی که قلم<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong> مش<strong>ا</strong>هده<br />
<strong>و</strong>حدت <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>دی <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ه <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت ت<strong>ر</strong>دست<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه <strong>ب</strong>لکه <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> تک<strong>ا</strong>مل ط<strong>و</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی<br />
<strong>و</strong> خسته ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده فلسفه <strong>و</strong> علم ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی <strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت شده <strong>ا</strong>ست."<br />
–<br />
(transcensus<br />
(Gesichtskreis)<br />
٥٦<br />
..."<br />
(offene Frage)
Change language