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<strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم <strong>و</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>طی میک<strong>ن</strong>يد. <strong>ا</strong>ٓي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>میفهميد که ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>تی چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> "<strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده" <strong>و</strong><br />
"<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده" <strong>ب</strong>خشی <strong>ا</strong>ز چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>دي<strong>ا</strong>ت م<strong>ا</strong>خيسته<strong>ا</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>يم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>تجعي<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> فلسفه، يک<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>لم<strong>ا</strong>سکه <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک (<strong>و</strong> گ<strong>ا</strong>هی <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ت مثل م<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د م<strong>ا</strong>خ، <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليست <strong>ن</strong>يز)، خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> خ<strong>ر</strong>قه<br />
م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست <strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> میک<strong>ن</strong>د؟ <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسته<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت "<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده" gegeben) (faktisch<br />
جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>جی <strong>ا</strong>ست ، که <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong> تص<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسته<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت "<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده"<br />
<strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>جی "ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>" خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده میش<strong>و</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک <strong>ن</strong>يز ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت<br />
"<strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده" <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong>ست، ليک<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک ت<strong>ا</strong> حد <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>زش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>سی م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليستی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعيت جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>جی، ي<strong>ا</strong> ت<strong>ا</strong> حد <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>زش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>سی <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong>يش <strong>ن</strong>می<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> گفته<br />
شم<strong>ا</strong> که "هستی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی (<strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>پ</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف) ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ميت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> س<strong>و</strong>ی م<strong>ر</strong>زه<strong>ا</strong>ی ه<strong>ر</strong> چه که <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه<br />
د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده ي<strong>ا</strong>فت گ<strong>ر</strong>دد" مهمل مطلق <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز م<strong>و</strong>ضع م<strong>ا</strong>خی شم<strong>ا</strong> س<strong>ر</strong>چشمه میگي<strong>ر</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>لی<br />
که شم<strong>ا</strong> حق د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يد ه<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>و</strong>ضعی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>ز جمله يک م<strong>و</strong>ضع م<strong>ا</strong>خی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong>يد، حق <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يد <strong>و</strong>قتی<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس ح<strong>ر</strong>ف میز<strong>ن</strong>يد <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> تح<strong>ر</strong>يف ک<strong>ن</strong>يد. <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز کل<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس ک<strong>ا</strong>مل<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضح <strong>ا</strong>ست که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی<br />
م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست، هستی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> س<strong>و</strong>ی "<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong>ت حسی" ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔث<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يدهه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ق<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د. د<strong>ر</strong><br />
ح<strong>ا</strong>لی که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک ف<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong>فت<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong>ت غي<strong>ر</strong> ممک<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف گفته م<strong>ا</strong>خ،<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>و</strong> ش<strong>و</strong><strong>پ</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> ک<strong>ر</strong>د که "<strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه" (ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً) د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> محيط<br />
<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک شده، د<strong>ر</strong> هم<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>گی "<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>فک<strong>ا</strong>ک <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong>" م<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>ط میک<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> میک<strong>و</strong>شد <strong>ب</strong>د<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>ب</strong><strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>د،<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> مهمل <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست <strong>ب</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong>دد!<br />
گ<strong>و</strong>ئی ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت <strong>پ</strong>يشي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>دم <strong>پ</strong>س<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ل <strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong>ش، <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>شته<br />
شده <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د ت<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> س<strong>و</strong><strong>ء</strong> تف<strong>ا</strong>هم <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز مي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د..."<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>ب</strong>ی جهت ش<strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د! <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> ع<strong>ر</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>مه میدهد: د<strong>ر</strong> ل<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی م<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>زه<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم (که <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> سخ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>میگ<strong>و</strong>يد) <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> "هم<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>گی" <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>چ<strong>ا</strong>ق <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<br />
میک<strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>يست، <strong>ر</strong>فيق <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف!<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک می<strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong>سد، چط<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> مید<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم که ح<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ر</strong>ضه د<strong>ر</strong>ستی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه م<strong>ا</strong><br />
میده<strong>ن</strong>د؟..." شم<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يد چيزه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>طی میک<strong>ن</strong>يد، <strong>ر</strong>فيق <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف. <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>ز مهملی چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
ح<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س "ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی" صح<strong>ب</strong>ت <strong>ن</strong>میک<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> حتی <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ح<strong>ر</strong>يف <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ب</strong>ت <strong>ن</strong>میدهد. ح<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<br />
ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong>جز ح<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی ح<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س "ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی" <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د، چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز ديدگ<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ه يک<br />
م<strong>ن</strong> صح<strong>ب</strong>ت میک<strong>ن</strong>يم. شم<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>و</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه تل<strong>ا</strong>ش میک<strong>ن</strong>يد م<strong>ا</strong>خيسم <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ب</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديد ت<strong>ا</strong> چ<strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يد که <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><br />
میگ<strong>و</strong>يد: <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ح<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س، ي<strong>ا</strong> دقيقت<strong>ر</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه مث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> میگي<strong>ر</strong>د (که<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک چ<strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>میک<strong>ن</strong>د!)، د<strong>ر</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>لی که م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>طی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>فک<strong>ا</strong>ک <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> ذه<strong>ن</strong><br />
"همگ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>" ک<strong>ر</strong>ده<strong>ا</strong>يم. <strong>ب</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>يست، <strong>ر</strong>فيق <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> چه چيز <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> "د<strong>ر</strong>ست" <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>م میگذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يد؟ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس ج<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> میدهد: "<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> چيزی صحيح <strong>ا</strong>ست<br />
که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>تيک م<strong>ا</strong> ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔييد گ<strong>ر</strong>دد؛ <strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>تيجه، <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> که <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong>ت حسی م<strong>ا</strong> ت<strong>و</strong>سط تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔييد<br />
میگ<strong>ر</strong>دد، ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong>يست<strong>ن</strong>د. يع<strong>ن</strong>ی دل<strong>ب</strong>خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>هی ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>همی <strong>ن</strong>يست<strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong>لکه صحيح <strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د...."
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