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فصل د<strong>و</strong>م 85<br />
م<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>يز <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>تيجه <strong>ن</strong><strong>ر</strong>سيده<strong>ا</strong>يم که <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong>ت حسی م<strong>ا</strong> که <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong>ی علمی ک<strong>ن</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ل شده <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ن</strong>د، د<strong>ر</strong><br />
ذه<strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يدهه<strong>ا</strong>ئی د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>جی <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د که <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه م<strong>ا</strong>هيتش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعيت تف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ت<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ن</strong>د، ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> که يک <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>زگ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی ذ<strong>ا</strong>تی <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>جی <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong>ت حسی م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong>شته<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> گ<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيکه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تی می<strong>ا</strong>ٓي<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> میگ<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>د..."<br />
م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ر</strong>سی <strong>ا</strong>ستدل<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>قتی ديگ<strong>ر</strong> میگذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يم. <strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
ک<strong>ن</strong>يم که کسی که کمت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>ع د<strong>ا</strong>شته <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد، ي<strong>ا</strong> حتی کمت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ت<strong>و</strong>جهی، <strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>فهمد<br />
که <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong>ست هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسمی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ت<strong>و</strong>صيف میک<strong>ن</strong>د که م<strong>ا</strong>خيسته<strong>ا</strong> هميشه <strong>و</strong> همه ج<strong>ا</strong><br />
عليه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> میج<strong>ن</strong>گ<strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>و</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>شی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس تجديد <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> میک<strong>ن</strong>د تم<strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong>يد:<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> قسمتی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>قل ق<strong>و</strong>لی که م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ده<strong>ا</strong>يم می<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يسد: "<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس عمل<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
<strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تی حمله میک<strong>ن</strong>د..."<br />
د<strong>ر</strong>ست <strong>ن</strong>يست. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د چيزه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong>هم میک<strong>ن</strong>د. د<strong>ر</strong> ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>تی که <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ن</strong>قل ک<strong>ر</strong>د <strong>و</strong> ت<strong>و</strong>سط م<strong>ا</strong><br />
ک<strong>ا</strong>ملت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>قل شده، حتی يک <strong>ب</strong>خش د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت گ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی ي<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong><br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً تم<strong>ا</strong>م مق<strong>ا</strong>له <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د، <strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ست <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>فهمد که <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ا</strong>ز<br />
<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز کل خط ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ب</strong>عد صح<strong>ب</strong>ت میک<strong>ن</strong>د، ج<strong>ا</strong>ئی که م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>قل ق<strong>و</strong>ل<br />
خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> تم<strong>ا</strong>م ک<strong>ر</strong>ديم. <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> دقت <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> قسمتی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> که خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>قل میک<strong>ن</strong>د، خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د <strong>و</strong><br />
د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>ش فک<strong>ر</strong> ک<strong>ر</strong>ده <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د، <strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ست <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>فهمد که د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ستدل<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستيک که <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong><br />
ج<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong>د میک<strong>ن</strong>د، <strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم ي<strong>ا</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ن</strong>يست. چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ش<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ع<br />
میش<strong>و</strong>د که فيلس<strong>و</strong>ف میگ<strong>و</strong>يد که <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong> هست<strong>ن</strong>د. د<strong>ر</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>لی که ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی<br />
ش<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ع میش<strong>و</strong>د که فيلس<strong>و</strong>ف میگ<strong>و</strong>يد شيئ فی<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ن</strong>فسه <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف<br />
ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> هي<strong>و</strong>مگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ا</strong>شت<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه میگي<strong>ر</strong>د؛ <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>شت<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه میگي<strong>ر</strong>د زي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>، <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> يک <strong>ن</strong>يمه<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>کلیگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>يمه هي<strong>و</strong>می <strong>ا</strong>ز ف<strong>ر</strong>قه م<strong>ا</strong>خی، <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> (<strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong>يکه <strong>ب</strong>ه تفصيل د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ا</strong>ده خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>هد شد)<br />
ف<strong>ر</strong>ق <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ختل<strong>ا</strong>ف هي<strong>و</strong>می <strong>و</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليستی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>میفهمد.<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>مه میدهد: "<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> حيف. <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> دليل عليه فلسفه <strong>پ</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>ست. د<strong>ر</strong>ست <strong>ب</strong>ه هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>زه<br />
که عليه فلسفه ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تی <strong>ا</strong>ست. د<strong>ر</strong> مکت<strong>ب</strong> <strong>پ</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>تدکس که <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه ک<strong>ر</strong>ده <strong>ا</strong>ست،<br />
د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>طه <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> شع<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> يک س<strong>و</strong><strong>ء</strong> تف<strong>ا</strong>هم م<strong>ر</strong>گ<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>پ</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د تم<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسته<strong>ا</strong>،<br />
ه<strong>ر</strong> چيزی که <strong>ا</strong>ز ط<strong>ر</strong>يق <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>کی د<strong>ا</strong>ده شد، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خته شده، "ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی" <strong>ا</strong>ست که ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>چه<br />
<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده، يک خ<strong>و</strong>د گ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ا</strong>ست؛ که شيئ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ميت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د د<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>زه<strong>ا</strong>ی ه<strong>ر</strong> چيزی<br />
که <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده ي<strong>ا</strong>فت گ<strong>ر</strong>دد..."<br />
(Liebknecht)<br />
٥٤<br />
، چ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
٥٥<br />
-<br />
–<br />
يک<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong>مل<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ح چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>طمي<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ست که لي<strong>ب</strong>ک<strong>ن</strong>شت<br />
<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ن</strong>يک حقيقت<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د! <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>پ</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليست <strong>ا</strong>ست که <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ک<strong>ر</strong>ده، <strong>پ</strong>س چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> شم<strong>ا</strong><br />
که متص<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس هستيد، يک م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست <strong>ن</strong>يستيد؟ <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> چيزی <strong>ن</strong>يست مگ<strong>ر</strong> ع<strong>ر</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی<br />
مفل<strong>و</strong>ک، <strong>ر</strong>فيق <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ف! شم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت م<strong>ا</strong>خی "<strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده" تف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ت <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓگ<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>سيسيم،