Page 1 ا > ) ( Page 2 Page 3 3 ا پ ر از ب و ا ا و . ا. او ء ر ا ا داه . ا از رو ن ا ...
Page 1 ا > ) ( Page 2 Page 3 3 ا پ ر از ب و ا ا و . ا. او ء ر ا ا داه . ا از رو ن ا ...
Page 1 ا > ) ( Page 2 Page 3 3 ا پ ر از ب و ا ا و . ا. او ء ر ا ا داه . ا از رو ن ا ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
A<br />
"]<br />
52<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>زه دهيم تف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ته<strong>ا</strong>ی کل<strong>ا</strong>می "محت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی عميقت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong>يهه<strong>ا</strong>ی فلسفی"، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>کلیگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>و</strong><br />
فيشتهگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ن</strong>د.<br />
<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يس<strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گليسی <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>م<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>سميت، د<strong>ر</strong> تحليل "فلسفه تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه مطلق" <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س، <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تق<strong>ا</strong>د <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><br />
حتی <strong>ب</strong>ه شکلی مستقيمت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong> تعيي<strong>ن</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>دهت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د میس<strong>ا</strong>زد:<br />
<strong>ا</strong>کث<strong>ر</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>دگ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> کت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س "د<strong>ر</strong>ک <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>" <strong>ا</strong>حتم<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong> هم عقيده هست<strong>ن</strong>د که <strong>ن</strong>تيجه<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> کت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>، ه<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>زه هم <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>قد" <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم مث<strong>ب</strong>ت <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد، ک<strong>ا</strong>مل<strong>ا</strong>ً تخيلی <strong>ا</strong>ست. م<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>م که<br />
سعی میک<strong>ن</strong>يم تئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> که <strong>ب</strong>ه شکلی ع<strong>ا</strong>م ع<strong>ر</strong>ضه شده، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong>ه مث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه حقيقت<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی<br />
تفسي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ييم، تم<strong>ا</strong>م د<strong>ر</strong>ک <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ش<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> تي<strong>ر</strong>ه میگ<strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د: تم<strong>ا</strong>م مفه<strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>فی س<strong>و</strong><strong>ب</strong>ژکتي<strong>و</strong>سمی که <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
<strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> مي<strong>ر</strong>سد <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> تق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ست، تحليل مي<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>د. ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی که <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ژهه<strong>ا</strong>ی تک<strong>ن</strong>يکی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
ز<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> معم<strong>و</strong>لیت<strong>ر</strong> ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه میک<strong>ن</strong>يم، کشف میگ<strong>ر</strong>دد که م<strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong>ع <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی ص<strong>و</strong>فیگ<strong>ر</strong>ی د<strong>ر</strong> کج<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>هفته <strong>ا</strong>ست.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> مت<strong>و</strong>جه س<strong>ا</strong>خت<strong>ن</strong> حمله عمده خ<strong>و</strong>د عليه ضعف <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>سی (يع<strong>ن</strong>ی م<strong>و</strong>ضع <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی) که<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی تئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> مهلک <strong>ا</strong>ست، ت<strong>و</strong>جه <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قص م<strong>و</strong>ضع خ<strong>و</strong>د م<strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>ر</strong>ف میس<strong>ا</strong>زد "د<strong>ر</strong><br />
س<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong>حث، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ژه تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>فع <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ست. زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی (تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه م) تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong> زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ديگ<strong>ر</strong> تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده مع<strong>ن</strong>ی میدهد، [زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓخ<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> مع<strong>ن</strong>ی تکيه میگ<strong>ر</strong>دد، که <strong>ا</strong>ز ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت م<strong>ن</strong><br />
صح<strong>ب</strong>ت د<strong>ر</strong> مي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>و</strong> مع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ژه تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه عمل<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>حث مهم <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ديدگ<strong>ا</strong>هه<strong>ا</strong>ی مطلق <strong>و</strong><br />
<strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ب</strong>ی م<strong>ن</strong>ط<strong>ب</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. (ف<strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ر</strong>سی ک<strong>ر</strong>ده<strong>ا</strong>م که <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>حث چه <strong>ا</strong>هميتی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د)؛ <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>و</strong><br />
<strong>ن</strong>قطه <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> فلسفه <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ا</strong>ٓشتی <strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>فته<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. زي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>قتی <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> مید<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د که تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
<strong>ب</strong>ه شي<strong>و</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓل د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه ک<strong>ا</strong>مل گ<strong>ر</strong>دد (ت<strong>و</strong>صيف همه ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه محيط <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong> مطل<strong>و</strong><strong>ب</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> فک<strong>ر</strong>ی<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی يک خ<strong>و</strong>د مش<strong>ا</strong>هدهگ<strong>ر</strong>، ک<strong>ا</strong>مل میگ<strong>ر</strong>دد)، <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> چيزی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> می<strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong>د که <strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong> م<strong>و</strong>فقيت<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓميزی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔکيد خ<strong>و</strong>د ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong>د که هيچ چيز <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د مگ<strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>طه <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> خ<strong>و</strong>د<br />
کم<strong>ا</strong>ل مطل<strong>و</strong><strong>ب</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعيت معي<strong>ن</strong> که <strong>ا</strong>ز تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ا</strong>م م<strong>ا</strong>دی <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>ی که هيچ حس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی<br />
<strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د د<strong>ر</strong>کش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong>د (<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>دی که ت<strong>و</strong>سط علم ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی کشف شده<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، <strong>ا</strong>تمه<strong>ا</strong>،<br />
٢٩C<br />
[<br />
B<br />
(oft the self)<br />
Ichto the )<br />
٣٧۵<br />
٣٧٣<br />
–<br />
"<br />
[<br />
D<br />
.(self<br />
- A<br />
٣٨۶ <strong>و</strong> ، ۴٠٧<br />
-B<br />
صفح<strong>ا</strong>ت<br />
؛ <strong>ب</strong>خش <strong>و</strong> هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong>، <strong>ب</strong>خش : "فلسفه حل<strong>و</strong>لي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>کلیم<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه" صفح<strong>ا</strong>ت "<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>گزي<strong>ر</strong>ی م<strong>ن</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ديدگ<strong>ا</strong>ه،" صفحه ٣٨١<br />
ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه مت<strong>ر</strong>جم: "غ<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ب</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>دگ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> "د<strong>ر</strong>ک <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>" <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ا</strong>حتم<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ً م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فقت خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>و</strong>د که، گ<strong>ر</strong><br />
م) متق<strong>ا</strong>عد س<strong>ا</strong>زد که <strong>ب</strong>ه مث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>قدی <strong>ا</strong>ست (<strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم)، د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓم<strong>و</strong>زش مث<strong>ب</strong>ت<br />
چه (کت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> میک<strong>و</strong>شد خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> –<br />
خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> ده<strong>ن</strong>ده<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يست.<br />
Die meisten Leser von Avenarius ‛Werk Der menschliche Weltbegriff` werden<br />
wahrscheinlich darin übereinstimmen, daß die positiven Resultate desselben, so<br />
überzeugend es auch als Kritik" (des Idealismus) "ist, vollständig illusorisch sind.<br />
S.63<br />
٢٩<br />
ذه<strong>ن</strong> ، XV ١٩٠۶ صفح<strong>ا</strong>ت - ٢٨ ٢٧<br />
- C<br />
-D<br />
Die letztere Bedeutung wird dann betont, wenn von der Natur des Ich (oft the self)<br />
die Rede ist. S. 63<br />
<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>م<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>سميت، "فلسفه تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه خ<strong>ا</strong>لص <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س"<br />
ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه مت<strong>ر</strong>جم: مع<strong>ن</strong>ی د<strong>و</strong>می <strong>و</strong>قتی م<strong>ا</strong>هيت خ<strong>و</strong>د زي<strong>ر</strong> سئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ست، م<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔکيد ق<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> میگي<strong>ر</strong>د.
Change language