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38<br />
A<br />
٢-"[کشف ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ]"<br />
چ<strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی که تحت <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> ف<strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ر</strong>يک <strong>ا</strong>ٓدل<strong>ر</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>ست<strong>ا</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>شگ<strong>ا</strong>ه ز<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>يخ <strong>ا</strong>حتم<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ً ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يس<strong>ن</strong>ده<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓلم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی که مشت<strong>ا</strong>ق تکميل <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>و</strong>د<strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>کس <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>سيله م<strong>ا</strong>خيسم <strong>ا</strong>ست، <strong>ا</strong>ز م<strong>ا</strong>خ می<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يسد.<br />
<strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>يد حق <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست<strong>ا</strong>د س<strong>ا</strong>ده ل<strong>و</strong>ح د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>شگ<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> دست<strong>ا</strong>ش گذ<strong>ا</strong>شت. د<strong>ر</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>دگی قل<strong>ب</strong> خ<strong>و</strong>يش <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓي<strong>ا</strong><br />
م<strong>ا</strong>خيسم <strong>ب</strong>يشت<strong>ر</strong> ض<strong>ر</strong><strong>ر</strong> می<strong>ر</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د ت<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>فع. <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong>قل د<strong>و</strong> سئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ط<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> عل<strong>ن</strong>ی مط<strong>ر</strong>ح میک<strong>ن</strong>د ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> کشف <strong>ن</strong>م<strong>و</strong>د"؟ <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ر</strong>ی، <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> گ<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ب</strong>ته ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ر</strong>دم <strong>ب</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> عق<strong>ب</strong> م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>و</strong><br />
م<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong>ً ج<strong>ا</strong>هل ه<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ز میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>قی <strong>ب</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> کشف <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>زگشتی <strong>ا</strong>ز ط<strong>ر</strong>ف م<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
خط<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>ی فلسفی که<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست؟<br />
يک عقيده خ<strong>ا</strong>لص <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی<br />
<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س د<strong>ر</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ل ديديم که م<strong>ا</strong>خ د<strong>ر</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ل کت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> "مک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يک" م<strong>ا</strong>خ ظ<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ر</strong> شد، <strong>و</strong><br />
د<strong>ا</strong>شت<strong>ن</strong>د؛ <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong>ست. د<strong>ر</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ل د<strong>ر</strong> مقدمه <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> چ<strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>، م<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>ب</strong>ه "مقدمه" <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س م<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>جعه میک<strong>ن</strong>د، <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يدهه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>ب</strong>ه فلسفه خ<strong>و</strong>د ته<strong>ن</strong>يت میگ<strong>و</strong>يد. <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ت م<strong>ا</strong>خ د<strong>ر</strong> کت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong><br />
عق<strong>ا</strong>يد "<strong>ب</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>زديک"<br />
"تم<strong>ا</strong>م علم ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<br />
د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ق<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> زي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د: "مک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يک" <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س<br />
<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> که م<strong>ا</strong> معم<strong>و</strong> ًل<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> میخ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم، عکس <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>و</strong> ع<strong>ر</strong>ضه ک<strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> علم ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>ع <strong>پ</strong>ي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست... <strong>پ</strong>ي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<br />
(عص<strong>ب</strong>) يک مسئله<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> (شعله) يک مسئله فيزيک <strong>ا</strong>ست، <strong>و</strong> <strong>پ</strong>ي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د (ح<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت) <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> فيزي<strong>و</strong>ل<strong>و</strong>ژيکی. هيچ يک جد<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز هم <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د؛ ه<strong>ر</strong> د<strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>طه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ط<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> م<strong>و</strong>قت<br />
میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم <strong>ا</strong>ز يکی چشم <strong>ب</strong><strong>پ</strong><strong>و</strong>شيم. حتی <strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سهه<strong>ا</strong>ئی که ظ<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ر</strong>ً<strong>ا</strong> "خ<strong>ا</strong>لص<strong>ا</strong>ً" مک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يکی<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، هم<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه<br />
هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> چيز <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> تحليل <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong><br />
فيزي<strong>و</strong>ل<strong>و</strong>ژيکی<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د" (هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong>، چ<strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓلم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی، صفحه میي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>يم: "ه<strong>ر</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> که... <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ژهه<strong>ا</strong>ی ‛<strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>‘، ‛ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>‘، د<strong>ر</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ج<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ژهه<strong>ا</strong>ی<br />
‛ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>‘، ‛ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>‘ <strong>ب</strong>ه ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> می<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>يد <strong>ب</strong>ه خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ا</strong>شت که ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>پ</strong>ي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د (يع<strong>ن</strong>ی د<strong>ر</strong><br />
، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی، <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>پ</strong>ي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د "ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>تی که معم<strong>و</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ا</strong>م میخ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم" <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><br />
<strong>پ</strong>ي<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<br />
<strong>و</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>طه، ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ستگی ت<strong>ب</strong>عی <strong>ا</strong>ست که ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>،<br />
"ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>تی که جسم میخ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم") <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong> هست<strong>ن</strong>د. د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ستگی ت<strong>ب</strong>عی ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی، <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> فيزيکی<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د" (ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه<br />
<strong>و</strong> ١٧). "يک <strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>گ <strong>و</strong>قتی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ستگی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> مث<strong>ا</strong>ل، <strong>ب</strong>ه م<strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong>ع <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی<br />
<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی، صفح<strong>ا</strong>ت (س<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>گه<strong>ا</strong>، ح<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ته<strong>ا</strong>، مک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ر</strong>ه) د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>يم، يک م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>ع فيزيکی <strong>ا</strong>ست. ليک<strong>ن</strong><br />
–<br />
٢٢<br />
٢١ B<br />
N<br />
A<br />
١٨٧۶<br />
١٨٨٣<br />
.(۴٩٨<br />
١٨٧٢<br />
Sehr Verwandte<br />
ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>تی(Vorbilden (Nachbilden und<br />
B<br />
<strong>و</strong> ي<strong>ا</strong> M, L, K<br />
٢٣<br />
"<br />
A , B, C<br />
A<br />
ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه مت<strong>ر</strong>جم: کشف جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
ف<strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ر</strong>يک د<strong>ب</strong>لي<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓدل<strong>ر</strong><br />
S.44 "Die Entdeckung der Weltelemente"<br />
– ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong> -A<br />
- B<br />
– ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong><br />
Geburtstag) Die Entdeckung der Weltelemente (Zu E. Macks 70 21<br />
Kampf ،١٩٠٨ Der شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه ١۵<br />
( – ٢٢<br />
،١٩٠٨ شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه ١٠<br />
د<strong>ر</strong> هفت<strong>ا</strong>دمي<strong>ن</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>لگ<strong>ر</strong>د ت<strong>و</strong>لد م<strong>ا</strong>خ<br />
<strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>لمللی س<strong>و</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong>ليست"<br />
ت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يخی <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه شده <strong>ا</strong>ست.<br />
(کشف جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
(ف<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>يه) ت<strong>ر</strong>جمه شده د<strong>ر</strong> "خ<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>مه<br />
(<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>يل) يکی <strong>ا</strong>ز مق<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ا</strong>ٓدل<strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> سم<strong>پ</strong><strong>و</strong>زي<strong>و</strong>م م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم
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