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م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>ک<strong>ر</strong>يتیسيسم<br />
<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه دست <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ن</strong> مع<strong>ر</strong>فت م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong>ع عي<strong>ن</strong>ی.) "... <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> کلم<strong>ا</strong>ت ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت <strong>ا</strong>ستدل<strong>ا</strong>ل میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<br />
که <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک حسی م<strong>ا</strong> هيچ تش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>هی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل عملی <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د..." (<strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong><br />
م<strong>ا</strong>خيسته<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی که همه چيز <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> مغش<strong>و</strong>ش میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ب</strong>گ<strong>و</strong>ئيم که <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تق<strong>ا</strong>د چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی <strong>ا</strong>ز ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت ک<strong>ا</strong>م ًل<strong>ا</strong> متض<strong>ا</strong>د<br />
<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تق<strong>ا</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>ز ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت ت<strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>س، م<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>و</strong> ذ<strong>ا</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست، چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی هم چ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی ه<strong>ر</strong><br />
م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليستی <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ک حسی م<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ب</strong>يه <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د عملی يع<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> عي<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> هست<strong>ن</strong>د.)<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ستدل<strong>ا</strong>ل میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د، کيفيته<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>، <strong>و</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ط <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د..." (<strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>خيسته<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی که همه چيز <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> مغش<strong>و</strong>ش میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<br />
<strong>ب</strong>گ<strong>و</strong>ئيم که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی هم چ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی ه<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی، <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ز<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ديع ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ت "<strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong><br />
فی<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ن</strong>فسه" <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong>م ًل<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت <strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت <strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>دش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، د<strong>ر</strong> کيفيته<strong>ا</strong>یش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ط <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>.) "... <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت <strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ست<strong>ن</strong>د شيئ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ن</strong>د که<br />
(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه م) کليه مص<strong>ا</strong>لح مع<strong>ر</strong>فت <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>لی ک<strong>ا</strong>مل<strong>ا</strong>ً متف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ت <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د عملی (<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ژهه<strong>ا</strong> م) شکل<br />
می<strong>ب</strong>خشد، که <strong>ب</strong>ه عل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ه ق<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> يک <strong>ا</strong>هميت ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د...." (<strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong> مغش<strong>و</strong>ش ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>دگ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
م<strong>ا</strong>خی <strong>ب</strong>گ<strong>و</strong>ئيم که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی هم چ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی ه<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی ق<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> يک<br />
<strong>ا</strong>هميت ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د؛ <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت ديگ<strong>ر</strong> ق<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د عملی <strong>ا</strong>شي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ن</strong>عکس میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل ک<strong>ا</strong>مل<strong>ا</strong>ً مش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> ف<strong>ر</strong>ق <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د.) "... (<strong>ا</strong>ستدل<strong>ا</strong>ل میک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د م) که د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعيت هيچ چيزی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> چه<br />
<strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>طه علت <strong>و</strong> معل<strong>و</strong>ل می<strong>ر</strong>سد مت<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>يست، چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ه مقدمه <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>تيجه، <strong>ن</strong>ه کل <strong>ن</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>جز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ء</strong><br />
<strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ر</strong>ه <strong>و</strong> ذ<strong>ا</strong>لک..." (<strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong> مغش<strong>و</strong>ش ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>دگ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>خی <strong>ب</strong>گ<strong>و</strong>ئيم که <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی هم چ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> که<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی ه<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليست ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعی چيزی <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د که <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>طه <strong>ب</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> علت <strong>و</strong> معل<strong>و</strong>ل می<strong>ر</strong>سد،<br />
عليت ذه<strong>ن</strong>ی ي<strong>ا</strong> ض<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د.) "... <strong>و</strong>قتی د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>شم<strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی ديگ<strong>ر</strong> چ<strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> مهمل مت<strong>ا</strong>فيزيکی <strong>و</strong><br />
مش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>گ<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>د، ق<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> م<strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی علم سيستمی <strong>ا</strong>ز مف<strong>ا</strong>هيم دقيقت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong>ملت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> چه ت<strong>و</strong>سط<br />
ف<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ مط<strong>ر</strong>ح شده <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>د..." (<strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی خ<strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ر</strong> مغش<strong>و</strong>ش ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>دگ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>خی <strong>ب</strong>گ<strong>و</strong>ئيم که<br />
چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> مهمل مت<strong>ا</strong>فيزيکی کليه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ح<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ا</strong>ز م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم د<strong>ر</strong> جهت <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم <strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> جهت<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ٓک<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ستیسيسم <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> میگي<strong>ر</strong>د.) "... <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ د<strong>ر</strong> ضم<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>هت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ظه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> مف<strong>ا</strong>هيم علمی <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>صطل<strong>ا</strong>ح مس<strong>ا</strong>ئل<br />
<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>سی ک<strong>ن</strong>جک<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>قی میم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د که ف<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ گفت." (صفح<strong>ا</strong>ت م<strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ز مس<strong>ا</strong>ئل <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>سی ک<strong>ن</strong>جک<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> چيزيست که د<strong>ر</strong> ز<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> جديد <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> مس<strong>ا</strong>ئل <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>سی تئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خت ي<strong>ا</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>زش ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>سی ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خته شده <strong>ا</strong>ست. چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يس<strong>ن</strong>ده <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ز<strong>ر</strong>گ <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د که <strong>ا</strong>ز س<strong>ا</strong>له<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ه ت<strong>ا</strong><br />
ت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ست سطح يک م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم فلسفی ج<strong>ا</strong>مع <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>گهد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د <strong>و</strong> کسی <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د که مهمل مفل<strong>و</strong>ک <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong> ک<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>تیه<strong>ا</strong>،<br />
<strong>پ</strong><strong>و</strong>زيتي<strong>و</strong>يسته<strong>ا</strong>، م<strong>ا</strong>خيسته<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong> ک<strong>و</strong>د<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong>د ک<strong>ر</strong>د... <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ چ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>يشفسکی <strong>ن</strong>ت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ست، ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>هت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه عق<strong>ب</strong><br />
م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>دگی ز<strong>ن</strong>دگی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>سی ق<strong>ا</strong>د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ن</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د سطح م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم دي<strong>ا</strong>لکتيک م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>کس <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>د.<br />
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