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فصل چه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>م 181<br />
جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ده <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ر</strong>مک ذ<strong>ا</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> میگ<strong>و</strong>يد جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> مفه<strong>و</strong>م <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده <strong>ا</strong>ست. ش<strong>و</strong><strong>پ</strong> ذ<strong>ا</strong>تگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> میگ<strong>و</strong>يد هستی<br />
شع<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف میگ<strong>و</strong>يد فيزيکی ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>شي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ا</strong>ٓدم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>يد ک<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد که م<strong>ا</strong>هيت<br />
<strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی مش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> زي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> خ<strong>ر</strong>قهه<strong>ا</strong>ی کل<strong>ا</strong>می گ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>فهمد.<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف د<strong>ر</strong> کت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ل "<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>يسم" (صفحه می<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يسد: "<strong>ب</strong>گذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز خ<strong>و</strong>دم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> سئ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ک<strong>ن</strong>يم: يک م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د ز<strong>ن</strong>ده ’مثل<strong>ا</strong>ً يک <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> چيست؟‘" <strong>و</strong> ج<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong> میدهد: "<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>صل<strong>ا</strong>ً<br />
يک ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> معي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز ’تج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه‘ <strong>ا</strong>ست. (دقت ک<strong>ن</strong>يد، <strong>ا</strong>صل<strong>ا</strong>ً! (Primarily" <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> گ<strong>ا</strong>ه، د<strong>ر</strong><br />
تک<strong>ا</strong>مل <strong>ب</strong>عدی تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه، ’<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>‘ <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>و</strong> ديگ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> يک جسم میش<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ر</strong> مي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ا</strong>م<br />
فيزيکی."<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> يک "ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong>" <strong>ا</strong>ز مهمل<strong>ا</strong>ت محض <strong>ا</strong>ست، که ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ست<strong>ن</strong>ت<strong>ا</strong>ج ف<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ح، ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده<br />
خد<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ر</strong>ه م<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>صل<strong>ا</strong>ً يک ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز تج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>د تک<strong>ا</strong>مل<br />
<strong>ب</strong>عدی يک جسم فيزيکی میگ<strong>ر</strong>دد! <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> يع<strong>ن</strong>ی "ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه" ی<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>د<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> يک جسم فيزيکی،<br />
مقدم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> يک جسم فيزيکی <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د! ج<strong>ا</strong>ی ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔسف <strong>ا</strong>ست که <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> فلسفه <strong>ب</strong>ز<strong>ر</strong>گ ه<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ز د<strong>ر</strong> مد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>س<br />
دي<strong>ن</strong>ی م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong>فته <strong>ن</strong>شده <strong>ا</strong>ست! ت<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز خدم<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ا</strong>ش ک<strong>ا</strong>م ًل<strong>ا</strong> محت<strong>ر</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه قد<strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ش<strong>و</strong>د.<br />
م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong>ذي<strong>ر</strong>فته<strong>ا</strong>يم که ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت فيزيکی خ<strong>و</strong>د محص<strong>و</strong>لی (ت<strong>ا</strong>ٔکيد <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف) <strong>ا</strong>ز ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت يک<br />
خصيصه <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه <strong>ا</strong>ست (که هم<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ن</strong>گیه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong>يز <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> تعلق د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د)، که (ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت م)<br />
<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>عک<strong>ا</strong>س چ<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>تی د<strong>ر</strong> ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت ديگ<strong>ر</strong>يست که <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ب</strong>يه <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>ع <strong>پ</strong>يچيدهت<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د (د<strong>ر</strong> تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
<strong>ا</strong>جتم<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>ً متشکل م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د<strong>ا</strong>ت ز<strong>ن</strong>ده) (صفحه ١۴۶)<br />
فلسفه<strong>ا</strong>ی که می<strong>ا</strong>ٓم<strong>و</strong>زد ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت خ<strong>و</strong>د يک محص<strong>و</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ست، ص<strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>و</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ده فلسفه کشيشه<strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>و</strong><br />
خصيصه <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قعيت که <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف شخص<strong>ا</strong>ً م<strong>و</strong>ٔکد<strong>ا</strong>ً مذه<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ر</strong>د میک<strong>ن</strong>د ع<strong>و</strong>ض <strong>ن</strong>میش<strong>و</strong>د.<br />
د<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>گ هم يک ملحد <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>د؛ <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong> حتی ط<strong>ر</strong>ح تح<strong>ر</strong>يم مذه<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong>جه <strong>ن</strong>ظم "س<strong>و</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong>ليست م<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه"<br />
خ<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ر</strong>يخت. معهذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>گلس ک<strong>ا</strong>مل<strong>ا</strong>ً حق د<strong>ا</strong>شت <strong>و</strong>قتی <strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه ک<strong>ر</strong>د که "سيستم" د<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>گ <strong>ن</strong>میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ست<br />
<strong>ب</strong>د<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> مذه<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سته<strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong>ش <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong>سد. همي<strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> م<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف هم ص<strong>ا</strong>دق <strong>ا</strong>ست. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> تف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ت<br />
<strong>ا</strong>صلی که قطعه <strong>ن</strong>قل شده يک <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ست<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ی تص<strong>ا</strong>دفی <strong>ن</strong>يست <strong>ب</strong>لکه هسته "<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>پ</strong><strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>يسم" <strong>و</strong><br />
"ج<strong>ا</strong>يگزي<strong>ن</strong>ی" <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ست. <strong>ا</strong>گ<strong>ر</strong> ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت يک محص<strong>و</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ست، <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضح <strong>ا</strong>ست که ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د محص<strong>و</strong>ل<br />
چيزی <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد که <strong>ب</strong>ز<strong>ر</strong>گت<strong>ر</strong>، غ<strong>ن</strong>یت<strong>ر</strong>، <strong>و</strong>سيعت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong> عظيمت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت <strong>ا</strong>ست، محص<strong>و</strong>ل چيزی که <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د<br />
د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د؛ زي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> چيز <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> "ت<strong>و</strong>ليد" ک<strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>يد مستقل <strong>ا</strong>ز ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong>شته <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>شد.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> يع<strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که چيزی خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong>ز ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د، چيزی که <strong>ب</strong>ه عل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ه ط<strong>ب</strong>يعت <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د<br />
می<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong>ه ز<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>ده <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> خد<strong>ا</strong> خ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ده میش<strong>و</strong>د. فل<strong>ا</strong>سفه <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليست هميشه ک<strong>و</strong>شش ک<strong>ر</strong>ده<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>سم<br />
<strong>ا</strong>خي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>و</strong>ض ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، مج<strong>ر</strong>دت<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong> م<strong>ب</strong>همت<strong>ر</strong>ش ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>و</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> عي<strong>ن</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>ل (<strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ل ق<strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>ل ک<strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ش) <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><br />
<strong>ب</strong>ه "<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی" <strong>ن</strong>زديکت<strong>ر</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، مثل يک "ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه"، مثل <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه د<strong>ا</strong>ده شده، که هيچ دليلی<br />
<strong>ن</strong>میخ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>هد، <strong>ا</strong>يده مطلق، <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ح کلی، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ده جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی، "ج<strong>ا</strong>يگزي<strong>ن</strong>ی کلی" <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong>ه ج<strong>ا</strong>ی فيزيکی<br />
ف<strong>ر</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ل <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong>دیه<strong>ا</strong>ی مختلف <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. [ه<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>و</strong> علم ط<strong>ب</strong>يعی، <strong>ا</strong>يده، <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong>ح، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ده، <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه<br />
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