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"<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی" مقدم هميشه <strong>ب</strong>ه ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>ت يک تج<strong>ر</strong>يد <strong>ب</strong>ی ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> د<strong>ر</strong>می<strong>ا</strong>ٓيد که خد<strong>ا</strong> ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>سی <strong>ر</strong>قيقی <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
میک<strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong>ه ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> مث<strong>ا</strong>ل ه<strong>ر</strong> کسی ميد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د که يک <strong>ا</strong>يده <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی چيست؛ <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ يک <strong>ا</strong>يده مستقل <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>و</strong> مقدم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، يک <strong>ا</strong>يده مج<strong>ر</strong>د، يک <strong>ا</strong>يده مطلق <strong>ا</strong>خت<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع خد<strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه هگل <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليست <strong>ا</strong>ست. ه<strong>ر</strong><br />
کسی ميد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی چيست؛ <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ّ <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س مستقل <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س مقدم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، مهمل،<br />
يک تج<strong>ر</strong>يد <strong>ب</strong>ی ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، يک <strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>گ <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف دقيق<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong>ه چ<strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>گ <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی<br />
مت<strong>و</strong>سل میش<strong>و</strong>د <strong>و</strong>قتی <strong>ن</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> زي<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong> میک<strong>ن</strong>د.<br />
<strong>ب</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong>ظمی "ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>". (ميد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم هيچ مفه<strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>پ</strong>شت <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ژه "ع<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ر</strong>" ق<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><br />
<strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د مگ<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س)<br />
تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>.<br />
تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه فيزيکی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>.<br />
مع<strong>ر</strong>فت <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>شی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سیه<strong>ا</strong>ی (<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی) <strong>ب</strong>د<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د. <strong>ب</strong><strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>لي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>پ</strong>له <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong><strong>ر</strong>د<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> يک تج<strong>ر</strong>يد <strong>ب</strong>ی<br />
ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليستی <strong>ا</strong>ست. د<strong>ر</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قع <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> چه م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يم <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی معم<strong>و</strong>لی <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ن</strong>يست،<br />
<strong>ب</strong>لکه <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>ی خي<strong>ا</strong>لی، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>ی هيچ کس، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>ر</strong> کل، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>سه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>لهی <strong>ا</strong>ست<br />
د<strong>ر</strong>ست هم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ط<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> که <strong>ا</strong>يده <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی معم<strong>و</strong>لی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> هگل <strong>ا</strong>لهی شد <strong>و</strong>قتی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong> مغز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
جد<strong>ا</strong> شد.<br />
<strong>پ</strong>س <strong>پ</strong>له <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ل <strong>ب</strong>ه ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>!<br />
<strong>پ</strong>له د<strong>و</strong>م هم <strong>ب</strong>ه ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>، چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ق<strong>ب</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ز فيزيکی (<strong>و</strong> <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف <strong>پ</strong>له د<strong>و</strong>م <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ب</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>پ</strong>له س<strong>و</strong>م<br />
میگذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د) چيزی <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>خته <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> ي<strong>ا</strong> علم <strong>ا</strong>ست. قلم<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong> فيزيکی <strong>پ</strong>يش <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> که <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی <strong>ب</strong>ت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د<br />
ظ<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ر</strong> ش<strong>و</strong>د <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong>شت، چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی ع<strong>ا</strong>لیت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> محص<strong>و</strong>ل ع<strong>ا</strong>لیت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>شک<strong>ا</strong>ل م<strong>ا</strong>ده <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>گ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يک <strong>ا</strong>ست.<br />
<strong>پ</strong>له د<strong>و</strong>م <strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف هم يک تج<strong>ر</strong>يد <strong>ب</strong>ی حي<strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ا</strong>ست، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ديشه <strong>ب</strong>د<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> مغز، خ<strong>ر</strong>د <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی جد<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong>ست.<br />
ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی که م<strong>ا</strong> د<strong>و</strong> <strong>پ</strong>له <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ل <strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong> ک<strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> میگذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>يم <strong>و</strong> ت<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> زم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> میت<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>يم تص<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>ا</strong>ز جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong><br />
<strong>ب</strong>ه دست <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>يم که حقيقت<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong> علم <strong>و</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>ت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ليسم مط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong>ست. يع<strong>ن</strong>ی:<br />
١- جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> فيزيکی مستقل <strong>ا</strong>ز ذه<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>د <strong>و</strong> مدته<strong>ا</strong> مقدم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>، مقدم <strong>ب</strong><strong>ر</strong> ه<strong>ر</strong><br />
گ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong>ه "تج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی" <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong>د د<strong>ا</strong>شت؛<br />
<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی، ذه<strong>ن</strong> <strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ر</strong>ه ع<strong>ا</strong>لیت<strong>ر</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> محص<strong>و</strong>ل م<strong>ا</strong>ده (يع<strong>ن</strong>ی فيزيکی) ت<strong>ا</strong><strong>ب</strong>عی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>خش <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>يژه<br />
<strong>پ</strong>يچيده م<strong>ا</strong>ده <strong>ا</strong>ست که مغز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong><strong>ا</strong>ميده میش<strong>و</strong>د.<br />
<strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>گد<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ف می<strong>ن</strong><strong>و</strong>يسد: "قلم<strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong>يگزي<strong>ن</strong>ی م<strong>ر</strong><strong>ب</strong><strong>و</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong>ست <strong>ب</strong>ه <strong>پ</strong>ديدهه<strong>ا</strong>ی فيزيکی: <strong>پ</strong>ديدهه<strong>ا</strong>ی <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی<br />
<strong>ا</strong>حتي<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ب</strong>ه ج<strong>ا</strong>يگزي<strong>ن</strong> شد<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ب</strong>ه ج<strong>ا</strong>ی چيز ديگ<strong>ر</strong>ی <strong>ن</strong>د<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ن</strong>د، چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ت<strong>ر</strong>کي<strong>ب</strong><strong>ا</strong>ت <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>د." (صفحه<br />
–<br />
-٢<br />
(XXXIX<br />
<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ن</strong> دقيق<strong>ا</strong>ً <strong>ا</strong>يده<strong>ا</strong>ٓليسم <strong>ا</strong>ست؛ چ<strong>و</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>ی، يع<strong>ن</strong>ی شع<strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong>، <strong>ا</strong>يده، <strong>ا</strong>حس<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ر</strong>ه <strong>ب</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطه د<strong>ر</strong><br />
<strong>ن</strong>ظ<strong>ر</strong> گ<strong>ر</strong>فته شده <strong>و</strong> فيزيکی <strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ن</strong>تيجه شده، ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong>شي<strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ن</strong> شده <strong>ا</strong>ست. فيشته گفت جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> جز<br />
خ<strong>و</strong>ديست که ت<strong>و</strong>سط خ<strong>و</strong>د خلق شده <strong>ا</strong>ست. هگل گفت جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ن</strong> <strong>ا</strong>يده مطلق <strong>ا</strong>ست. ش<strong>و</strong><strong>پ</strong><strong>ن</strong> ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ر</strong> گفت
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