a comparative study of a Roman frontier province. - Historia Antigua

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3: 3
tribes which cumulatively cover the whole of the tribal territory. On
this sort of transhumance between Gebel and Fezzan, Canneille 1963,
101-12.
34. See below, chapter 6: 2,6: 3.
35. C1L8 22786e; 22787; 22788; 38 - 11051 - 1LT55. Trousset 1978,135- 38.
36. Louis 1975,17-22 defined three ecological zones, the Gefara, Gebel
and Dahar, across which tribes from the Gebel practise a mixed economy.
The Dahar plateau is used for winter grazing, the Gefara plain for
scratch cultivation of cereals and summer grazing and the Gebel for
the main agricultural and arboricultural activity.
37. Desanges 1962, is the most convenient modern reference work. For
detailed pagination consult Table 3B; but see also Trousset 1974,21-24.
38. Desanges 1962,86,135, equates the Cinithi with the Sintae of Strabo
and places them both south and west of the Lesser Syrtes. The Roman
pattern of tribal delimitation would suggest on the contrary that they
were mainly centred south-east of Gabes (Tacape). The association
with Gigthis is established by the following inscription, CIL 8,22729.
L. Memmio Messio/L. F. Quir. Pacata. F1am. Perpetuo divi Traia/ni
Chinithio in Quin/que decurias a divo Hadriano adlecto Chinithi ob
merita/eius et singula/rem pietatem. Qua nationisuae Praefstat sua
pecuni/a
posuerunt.
39. CIL 8.10500. L. Egnatuleio P. f. Gal. Sabino. Pontific/Palatuali
Proc. Aug. XXXX Galliarum/Proc Aug ad Epistrategian Thebaidos/Proc.
Aug ad census accipendos/Macedoniae. Praef Gentis Cinithiorum/Trab
Leg IIII Scythicae L j.... )....
.
It is likely that Egnatuleius was
given the position of praefectus, at this stage a Roman administrative
position, simply because he was a native African and not because he
had any prior connection with the tribe.
40. Trousset 1976,21-33; 1980b 135-54; Euzennat 1971,229-39; 1972,7-27,
have updated the archaeological evidence to show that there were
increasingly regularised military contacts between Rome and the Djerid
and Nefzaoua regions in the Flavian period. Rebuffat 1969,194-95;
1972,322-24, interprets a large quantity of first century pottery found
at Ghadames as evidence that the Phazanii had accepted Roman hegemony.
41. The pacification of the Gaetuli tribes of the pre-desert was therefore
a necessary step for the process of agricultural expansion and economic
development on the Gebel to proceed unimpeded.
42. Bates 1914,51-71 and Desanges 1962,106-07 fail to give a satisfactory
account for the apparently shifting position of the Macae.
43. Cauneille 1963,105 (Eastern Gebel, Beni Ulid, Giofra and Syrtica)
Rebuffat 1982c, 196-99.
44. Personal commhnication, Dr. P. Holder. The unit may have been raised
following a revolt, but more likely from a pacified but un-Romanised
group. The best parallels are in the raising of Musulames auxiliary
units, Desanges 1962,119-20; AE, 1939, no. 126; CIL XVI, 35 and 56.
45. Desanges 1962,107.
46. Desanges 1962,132-33.
47. Bates 1914,67. Desanges 1962,133 unnecessarily amended the text to
read limes Samucencis or Zamucensis.
48. Lib Gen, 145; Chr anni p. Chr, 354,85 and 427,164; Chr Alex, 117.
Commentary in Bates 1914,65-66 and Desanges 1962,137.
49. As note 48 above.
50. There is no certain evidence that the Nasamones had kings. A misreading
of Dio LXVII, 5,3, has sometimes been used as evidence for
a Nasamonian king, Ayoub 1968b, 48-52, but see the conclusive arguments
of Gsell 1894,234, n. 6.
51. Corippus, loh, VI, 189; 552; 589; 593; 691; VII, 465,510; VIII, 95; 177;
234; 248; 274; 423; 428; 446; 639.