Statistics Review For Test - Faculty & Staff, Georgia Perimeter College

Statistics Review for Test 1
(Sections 1.1 - 2.3)
Name___________________________________
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
1) What is statistics 1)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
2) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are
interested in determining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a
parking spot) of its students. An administrator inconspicuously followed 290 students and
carefully recorded their parking times. Identify the population of interest to the university
administration.
A) the entire set of students that park at the university
B) the students that park at the university between 9 and 10 AM on Wednesdays
C) the entire set of faculty, staff, and students that park at the university
D) the 290 students from whom the data were collected
2)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
3) Administrators at a large university want to know the average debt incurred by their
graduates. Surveys were mailed to 260 graduating seniors asking them to report their
total student loan debt. Identify the population, sample, and individuals in the study.
3)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
4) Which branch of statistics deals with the organization and summarization of collected
information
A) Descriptive statistics B) Computational statistics
C) Survey design D) Inferential statistics
4)
Provide an appropriate response.
5) A meteorologist constructs a graph showing the total precipitation in Phoenix, Arizona in each of
the months of 1998. Does this involve descriptive statistics or inferential statistics
A) Inferential statistics B) Descriptive statistics
5)
Solve the problem.
6) Classify the number of complaint letters received by the United States Postal Service in a given day
as qualitative data or quantitative data.
A) qualitative data B) quantitative data
6)
Identify the following variable as either qualitative or quantitative.
7) Waiting time at a bus stop (in minutes).
A) Qualitative B) Quantitative
7)
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8) The color of your house.
A) Quantitative B) Qualitative
8)
Solve the problem.
9) Classify the following random variable according to whether it is discrete or continuous.
The speed of a car on a Los Angeles freeway during rush hour traffic
A) discrete B) continuous
9)
10) Classify the following random variable according to whether it is discrete or continuous.
The number of goals scored in a soccer game
A) continuous B) discrete
10)
Solve the problem.
11) What method of data collection would you use to collect data for a study where a political pollster
wishes to determine if his candidate is leading in the polls
A) observational study B) designed experiment
11)
12) True or False: Designed experiments assist the researcher in isolating the causes of the
relationships that exist between two variables.
A) True B) False
12)
Solve the problem.
13) The city council of a small town needs to determine if the townʹs residents will support the
building of a new library. The council decides to conduct a survey of a sample of the townʹs
residents. Which one of the following procedures would be most appropriate for obtaining a
sample of the townʹs residents
A) Survey a random sample of librarians who live in the town.
B) Survey 300 individuals who are randomly selected from a list of all people living in the state
in which the town is located.
C) Survey a random sample of persons within each neighborhood of the town.
D) Survey every 14th person who enters the old library on a given day.
13)
List all possible samples from the specified population.
14) The members of a board of directors have the following roles: president (P), vice president (V),
secretary (S), treasury (T), and fundraiser (F). Consider these board members to be a population of
interest. List the 10 possible samples (without replacement) of size two from this population of five
board members.
A) S,T S,F T,P T,V T,S T,F F,P F,V F,S F,T
B) P,V P,S P,T P,F V,P V,S V,T V,F S,P S,V
C) P,V P,S P,T P,F V,S V,T V,F S,T S,F T,F
D) P,P P,V P,S P,T P,F V,V V,S V,T V,F S,S
14)
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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Use the random number table in Appendix A or the random number generator in a calculaor to obtain the required list
of random numbers.
15) A medical researcher is conducting clinical trials. Of the 60 people participating in the 15)
trial, 20 will receive a placebo, 20 will receive the experimental drug, and 20 will constitute
the control group. The 20 people who will receive the drug will be selected at random.
Construct a list of 20 random numbers between 1 and 60 which can be used in obtaining
the required simple random sample. (Start with the numbers in row 13 and columns 35
and 36.)
TRUE/FALSE. Write ʹTʹ if the statement is true and ʹFʹ if the statement is false.
Provide an appropriate response.
16) True or false In simple random sampling, each possible sample of a fixed size is equally likely to
be the one obtained.
16)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
17) A college lecturer has devised a new method of teaching a particular mathematical
concept and wishes to try out this teaching method on a representative sample of his
students. There are 76 students in his class and he wishes to obtain a simple random
sample of 25 of them. Describe a method he could use to obtain the sample.
17)
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
18) Select a random sample of five state capitals from the list below using the two digit list of random
numbers provided. Begin with the uppermost left random number and proceed down each
column. When a column is complete, use the numbers at the top of the next right column and
proceed down that column.
18)
State Capitals
A) Springfield, IL; Atlanta,GA; Providence, RI; Santa Fe, NM; Columbus OH.
B) Boston, MA; Concord, NH; Dover DE; Santa Fe, NM; Richmond, VA.
C) Springfield, IL; Des Moines, IA; Boston, MA; Santa Fe, NM; Columbus OH.
D) Carson City NV; Boise ID; Atlanta, GA; Cheyenne, WY; Boston, MA.
Solve the problem.
19) A market researcher randomly selects 400 drivers under 65 years of age and 300 drivers over 65
years of age. What sampling technique was used
A) systematic
B) convenience
C) stratified
D) random
E) cluster
19)
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20) A researcher for an airline interviews all of the passengers on five randomly selected flights. What
sampling technique is used
A) systematic
B) cluster
C) convenience
D) random
E) stratified
20)
21) Every fifth teenager entering a concert is checked for possession of drugs. What sampling
technique is used
A) stratified
B) cluster
C) random
D) convenience
E) systematic
21)
22) A lobbyist for a major airspace firm assigns a number to each legislator and then uses a computer
to randomly generate ten numbers. The lobbyist contacts the legislators corresponding to these
numbers. What sampling technique was used
A) stratified
B) systematic
C) convenience
D) random
E) cluster
22)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Provide an appropriate response.
23) A tax auditor has a pile of 191 tax returns of which he would like to select 17 for a special
audit. Describe a method for selecting the sample which involves systematic random
sampling.
23)
Solve the problem.
24) A local newspaper ran a survey by asking, ʺDo you support the deployment of a weapon
that could kill millions of innocent peopleʺ Determine whether the survey design or the
sampling method is biased.
24)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Identify the study as an observational study or a designed experiment.
25) In a clinical trial, 780 participants suffering from high blood pressure were randomly assigned to
one of three groups. Over a one-month period, the first group received the experimental drug, the
second group received a placebo, and the third group received no treatment. The diastolic blood
pressure of each participant was measured at the beginning and at the end of the period and the
change in blood pressure was recorded. The average change in blood pressure was calculated for
each of the three groups and the three averages were compared.
A) Designed experiment B) Observational study
25)
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26) An educational researcher used school records to determine that, in one school district, 84% of
children living in two-parent homes graduated high school while 75% of children living in
single-parent homes graduated high school.
A) Designed experiment B) Observational study
26)
Solve the problem.
27) The object upon which the response variable is measured is called ________ .
A) the factor B) an experimental unit
C) a treatment D) the predictor variable
27)
A designed experiment is described. Identify the specified element of the experiment.
28) In a clinical trial, 780 participants suffering from high blood pressure were randomly assigned to
one of three groups. Over a one-month period, the first group received a low dosage of an
experimental drug, the second group received a high dosage of the drug, and the third group
received a placebo. The diastolic blood pressure of each participant was measured at the beginning
and at the end of the period and the change in blood pressure was recorded. Identify the response
variable.
A) The treatment received (placebo, low dosage, high dosage)
B) The dosage of the drug
C) The participants in the experiment
D) Change in diastolic blood pressure
28)
29) An education researcher was interested in examining the effect of the teaching method and the
effect of the particular teacher on studentsʹ scores on a reading test. In a study, there are four
different teachers (Juliana, Felix, Sonia, and Helen) and three different teaching methods (method
A, method B, and method C). The number of students participating in the study is 258. Students
are randomly assigned to a teaching method and teacher. Identify the response variable.
A) Teacher B) Score on reading test
C) Teaching method D) Method A, method B, method C
29)
30) A medical journal published the results of an experiment on depression. The experiment
investigated the effects of a controversial new therapy for depression. Researchers measured the
depression levels of 80 adult women who suffer moderate conditions of the disorder. After the
therapy, the researchers again measured the womenʹs depression levels. The differences between
the the pre- and post-therapy depression levels were reported. What is the response variable in
this experiment
A) the differences between the the pre- and post-therapy depression levels
B) the disorder (depression or no depression)
C) the 80 adult women who suffer from depression
D) the therapy
30)
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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
31) The preschool children at Elmwood Elementary School were asked to name their favorite
color. The results are listed below.
31)
yellow yellow red purple blue
blue blue yellow blue red
blue red purple purple purple
red blue purple blue green
Construct a frequency distribution and a relative frequency distribution.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
32)
32)
The bar graph below shows the political party affiliation of 1,000 registered U.S. voters. What
percentage of the 1,000 registered U.S. voters belonged to one of the traditional two parties
(Democratic and Republican)
A) 40% B) 35% C) 75% D) 25%
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The following double-bar graph illustrates the revenue for a company for the four quarters of the year for two different
years. Use the graph to answer the question.
33) In what quarter was the revenue the greatest for 2000
A) first quarter B) third quarter C) second quarter D) fourth quarter
33)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
34) Scott Tarnowski owns a pet grooming shop. His prices for grooming dogs are based on the
size of the dog. His records from last year are summarized below.
34)
Class
Frequency
Large 345
Medium 830
Small 645
Portray the data in a pie chart using the class percentages.
35) A random sample of 30 high school students is selected. Each student is asked how much
time he or she spent watching television during the previous week. The following times
(in hours) are obtained:
35)
11, 19, 13, 16, 13, 11, 13, 12, 10, 16, 14, 12, 12, 11, 14, 13, 10, 10, 15, 12, 10, 12, 19, 14, 11, 15,
11, 14, 13, 12
Construct a frequency distribution for the data.
8

36) A random sample of 30 high school students is selected. Each student is asked how much
time he or she spent watching television during the previous week. The following times
(in hours) are obtained:
36)
6, 14, 8, 11, 8, 6, 8, 7, 5, 11, 9, 7, 7, 6, 9, 8, 5, 5, 10, 7, 5, 7, 14, 9, 6, 10, 6, 9, 8, 7
Construct a histogram for this data. You may use a calculator to help. Be sure to label the
axes.
Construct a frequency distribution for the given data. Use the symbol -< to mean ʺup to, but not includingʺ.
37) Lori asked 24 students how many hours they had spent doing homework during the 37)
previous week. The results are shown below.
11 11 11 8 11 11 14 12 11 8 12 11
11 12 11 11 12 11 11 12 11 12 12 8
Construct a frequency table. Use 4 classes, a class width of 2 hours, and a lower limit of 8
for class 1. (Note that this data is continuous even though it has been rounded to a whole
number of hours.)
Hours Frequency
Provide the requested table entry.
38) The data in the following table reflect the amount of time 40 students in a section of
Statistics 101 spend on homework each day. Determine the value that should be entered in
the Relative Frequency column for the class 75-89.
38)
Homework Time
(minutes)
Number of
Students
0-< 15 2
15-< 30 4
30-< 45 10
45-< 60 16
60-< 75 6
75-< 90 2
Relative
Frequency
9

Construct the specified histogram.
39) The frequency table below shows the number of days off in a given year for 30 police
detectives. (Note that 0-

42) The Highway Patrol, using radar, checked the speeds (in mph) of 30 passing motorists at a
checkpoint. The results are listed below. Construct a dot plot for the data.
42)
44 38 41 50 36 36 43 42 49 48
35 40 37 41 43 50 45 54 39 38
50 41 47 36 35 40 42 43 48 33
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
43) Describe the shape of the distribution.
43)
A) uniform B) symmetric
C) skewed to the left D) skewed to the right
Use the histograms shown to answer the question.
44)
44)
Is either histogram symmetric
A) The second is symmetric, but the first is not symmetric.
B) Both are symmetric.
C) Neither is symmetric.
D) The first is symmetric, but the second is not symmetric.
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A graphical display of a data set is given. State whether the distribution is (roughly) symmetric, right skewed, or left
skewed.
45) The ages of a group of patients being treated at one hospital for osteoporosis are summarized in 45)
the frequency histogram below.
A) Left skewed B) Symmetric C) Right skewed
Explain what is misleading about the graphic.
46)
46)
A) The graphic only includes information for one year.
B) The horizontal scale does not begin at zero.
C) The graphic may give the impression that drivers over age 65 had no DUIʹs in 2001.
D) The graphic is not misleading.
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47)
47)
A) The horizontal label is incomplete.
B) The vertical scale does not begin at zero.
C) The trend is depicted in the wrong direction.
D) The graphic is not misleading.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Provide an appropriate response.
48) A television manufacturer sold three times as many televisions in 1995 as it did in 1985. To
illustrate this fact, the manufacturer draws a pictogram as shown below. The television on
the right is three times as tall and three times as wide as the television on the left.
48)
Why is this pictogram misleading What visual impression is portrayed by the pictogram
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Answer Key
Testname: REVIEW FOR STAT TEST1 SUN09
1) Statistics is the science of data that involves collecting, summarizing, organizing, analyzing information in order to
draw conclusions.
2) A
3) The population of interest is the student loan debt incurred by all graduates of the university. The sample is student
loan debt of the 260 graduating seniors that were collected by the university administrators. The individuals are each
graduating senior whose student loan debt was recorded.
4) A
5) B
6) B
7) B
8) B
9) B
10) B
11) A
12) A
13) C
14) C
15) 50, 29, 30, 40, 53, 33, 45, 39, 20, 13, 3, 41, 18, 8, 5, 60, 4, 22, 26, 15
16) TRUE
17) Answers will vary. Possible answer: List the studentsʹ names alphabetically and assign them numbers 1 to 76
according to this list. Use a random number table to construct a list of 25 random numbers between 1 and 76 and
select the students corresponding to those numbers.
18) A
19) C
20) B
21) E
22) D
23) Answers will vary. Possible answer: The tax auditor could number the returns 1 through 191. He could then use a
random number table to select a number at random between 1 and 11. Starting with that number, he could list every
11th number until he has 17 numbers. He could then select the tax returns corresponding to the numbers listed.
24) The wording of the question is biased, as it tends to encourage negative responses.
25) A
26) B
27) B
28) D
29) B
30) A
31)
Color Frequency Relative Frequency
yellow 3 0.15
red 4 0.20
purple 5 0.25
blue 7 0.35
green 1 0.05
32) C
33) D
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Answer Key
Testname: REVIEW FOR STAT TEST1 SUN09
34)
35)
Hours Number of
of TV HS Students
10 4
11 5
12 6
13 5
14 4
15 2
16 2
19 2
36) (Note that the bars are centered over the data values.)
Television Watching During a Week
37) (Note that 8-< 10 means all values from 8, including 8, up to 10 ,but not including 10. The same meaning is also used
for the other intervals.)
Hours Frequency
8-

Answer Key
Testname: REVIEW FOR STAT TEST1 SUN09
39) Number of Days off in Year for Police Detectives
40) Answers will vary. Possible answer: In a grouped-data table, each observation must belong to one and only one class.
In Annaʹs table, there is overlap of the classes - it is not clear, for example, to which class the value 3 belongs. The
classes could have been depicted in either of the following ways:
41)
0 3 9 9
1
2 2
3 2 3 9 9
4 2 9
5 2 8
6
7 0
Number of sick days taken
0-

Answer Key
Testname: REVIEW FOR STAT TEST1 SUN09
42)
43) D
44) C
45) A
46) C
47) B
48) Answers will vary. Possible answer: The area of the television on the right is nine times (not three times) the area of
the television on the left. The pictogram gives the visual impression that sales in 1995 were nine times the sales in
1985.
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