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4: CASE STUDY 1: THE ITALIAN/SLOVENIAN BORDER The border also became a place to advertise ideological messages. As a symbol of socialism a red star depicting the hammer and sickle was placed on top of Nova Gorica railway station facing Gorizia soon after World War II. The hammer and sickle was subsequently removed as Yugoslavia turned away from the Soviet bloc but the red star remained until the late 1980s. When Yugoslavia’s socialist government was no longer in control the red star went through another transformation. During the Christmas of 1991 the star was painted in gold to represent the Star of David, and complemented with a comet by its side. As Christmas was discouraged by the communist government this became a way for people to disassociate themselves with communism and to reclaim Christmas. The star has again been painted red and is now located in the Nova Gorica border museum having found new life as a showpiece of the communist era (Inga Brezigar, 2008, pers. comm. 2 nd September) (Figure 48). Figure 48: Picture of red star formerly placed on top of Nova Gorica railway station, now located in the railway museum. Photo: Anna McWilliams 2008. When I first looked at Google Earth of the area around Nova Gorica I came across an intriguing feature on top of Mount Sabotino/Sabotin, directly inside Slovenian territory. It looked like writing and I thought I could make out the word Tito although it was not very clear. I found this very curious and on my first visit to the area I was given the following explanation. During the socialist period an area on the top of Mount Sabotino/Sabotin was cleared of vegetation and large white stones were used to spell out the words ‘Naš Tito’, Our Tito. This was positioned to be seen far into Italian territory as well as in Yugoslavia. Later Italy projected a large Italian flag on the mountain, inside their territory but where it could be seen also in Yugoslavia. After the independence of Slovenia a further battle has been fought within Slovenian territory where supporters of the old regime have on several occasions reconstructed the words Naš Tito. At one point some- 105
AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTAIN body changed the words to Naš Fido, a common name for dogs in Slovenia, in order to make a joke of the original text and of Tito himself (Anja, 2008, pers. comm. 3 rd September). This type of expression of views or propaganda was not only directed outwards but also towards the own population. This can be seen near the village of Branik, approximately 15 km south-east of Nova Gorica where the name ‘Tito’ is still very clear on the side of a hill facing east towards Slovenia (Figure 49). Figure 49: The name ‘Tito’ written on side of hill near the village of Branik, Slovenia. Photo: Anna McWilliams 2008. Resisting the border Walking along the border north of Gorizia/Nova Gorica the border takes a turn through the edge of the village of Solkan. I had already spotted this on maps and Google Earth before my visit but it was also very clear in the terrain. Rather than following a straight line across the fields and across the Insonzo/Soča River the border suddenly heads east causing one of the properties to be separated from the rest of the village. A high concrete wall runs along the border here and as I walk on the Slovenian side I can barely see the building behind it. The occasional openings in the wall are closed with iron rods and on top of the wall an old string of barbed wire is meant to stop anyone from climbing over. I wonder what has caused this situation and start asking around. It turns out there is a local story about this place 106
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An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain
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An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain
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Contents Acknowledgements 11 CHAPTE
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The end of a journey 212 Sammanfatt
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AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTAIN
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction Standing on
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1: INTRODUCTION carried out of the
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1: INTRODUCTION they may be… It i
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1: INTRODUCTION where the observer
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1: INTRODUCTION former Iron Curtain
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1: INTRODUCTION criticism from othe
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1: INTRODUCTION itioned somewhere i
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1: INTRODUCTION World War II dividi
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CHAPTER 2 A physical metaphor Concr
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR established
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR The changing
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR the events t
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR As time has
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR highly influ
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR popular idea
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5: CASE STUDY 2: THE CZECH/AUSTRIAN
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Figure 77-78: Painting inside the f
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CHAPTER 6 An archaeology of the Iro
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6: AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTA
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Figure 102: Fence and Watch Tower a
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Sammanfattning (Summary in Swedish)
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SAMMANFATTNING En fysisk metafor I
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SAMMANFATTNING komst och kunskapsf
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SAMMANFATTNING Fältstudier av läm
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SAMMANFATTNING som försöker ta si
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SAMMANFATTNING mets dilemma”. Han
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Södertörn Doctoral Dissertations
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33. Sofie Bedford, Islamic activism
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67. Anne Kaun, Civic Experiences an
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Stockholm Studies in Archaeology Se
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29. LINDGREN, Christina. 2004. Män
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The Iron Curtain was seen as the di
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