EAP - The Pacific Infrastructure Challenge - World Bank (2006).pdf

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Figure 8.5: Mainlines Trend 0.600 Number of Mainlines in operation per capita in 2002 0.500 0.400 0.300 0.200 Jamaica St Lucia Dominica y = 7E-05x - 0.014 Tonga Fiji 0.100 FSM Marshall Is Samoa Kiribati Vanuatu PNG Solomon Is 0.000 Timor Leste 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 GDP per Capita Palau St Kitts Source: ITU Data, World Development Indicators We calculated the current number of lines (both mainlines and mobile) per person by dividing the number of connections in operation (2002) by the total population (2002). We then multiplied each country’s projected population for 2015 by the target lines per person. Finally, we multiplied the total number of additional lines required by the average cost of a new line: US$400 for mainlines, $580 for mobile 23 . We then derive the annual per capita investment requirement from this total figure. 23 The cost per mainline and cost per cellular phone subscriber were taken from the unit costs for infrastructure investment quoted in World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3102: “Investing in Infrastructure: What is needed from 2000 to 2010”, M. Fay and T Yepes, July 2003, pg 10 64
Figure 8.6: Annual Per Capita Investment Requirements in Mainlines to reach the Minimum Target $6.00 Annual Investment Requirements in Mainlines per capita (USD) $5.00 $4.00 $3.00 $2.00 $1.00 $0.00 Fiji Marshall Island Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Vanuatu Jamaica St. Kitts Source: Castalia Research Figure 8.7: Annual Per Capita Investment Requirements in Mainlines to reach the Maximum Target $30.00 Annual Per Capita Investment Requirement in Mainlines (US$) for 2005-2015 . $25.00 $20.00 $15.00 $10.00 $5.00 $0.00 Fiji Kiribati Marshall Island Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Vanuatu Dominica Jamaica St. Lucia Source: Castalia Research 65
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The Pacific Infrastructure Challeng
Page 4 and 5:
Table of Contents 1 Acronyms and Ab
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Figure 8.4: Annual Per Capita Inves
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Box 7.9: ECTEL - Regulatory Coopera
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kWh MDG MIAA MIPA MNOC MOTCA MOU MP
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2 Executive Summary This discussion
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Fiscal, regulatory and policy decis
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Figure 2.2: Estimated Annual Invest
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3 What’s the Purpose of the Discu
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Box 4.2: Improving Infrastructure f
Page 22 and 23: 5 How well are Pacific Countries Pe
Page 24 and 25: Figure 5.1: Access to Electricity 1
Page 26 and 27: Water tariffs are often too low In
Page 28 and 29: Table 6.1 shows that in addition to
Page 30 and 31: These characteristics mean that Pac
Page 32 and 33: 6.2 Challenges to Institutions and
Page 34 and 35: 6.2.2 Demographic Issues in the Reg
Page 36 and 37: These high rural populations mean t
Page 38 and 39: Figure 6.3: Comparison of Defining
Page 40 and 41: Lack of legal and regulatory suppor
Page 42 and 43: 7 Challenge: How do we Lift Perform
Page 44 and 45: 7.1.2 Poor Policy Design and Coordi
Page 46 and 47: different, some efficiency may be g
Page 48 and 49: Figure 7.1: Accountability in Infra
Page 50 and 51: Box 7.3: Expert Panels can Improve
Page 52 and 53: Some of these reforms have already
Page 54 and 55: 7.2.2 Choose an Appropriate Reform
Page 56 and 57: Box 7.5: Public Sector Reforms in t
Page 58 and 59: Pacific countries, management salar
Page 60 and 61: There are three classic types of pr
Page 62 and 63: While private sector involvement ma
Page 64 and 65: Air services would also benefit fro
Page 66 and 67: 7.2.5 Regional Coordination One opt
Page 68 and 69: 8 What’s the Size of the Challeng
Page 70 and 71: Figure 8.3: Annual Per Capita Inves
Page 74 and 75: Figure 8.8: Annual Per Capita Inves
Page 76 and 77: Figure 8.11: Total Annual Per Capit
Page 78 and 79: 9 How do we meet the Challenge This
Page 80 and 81: Box 9.3: Can private sector involve
Page 82 and 83: Box 9.6: How can the public sector
Page 84 and 85: The proportion of mainline access a
Page 86 and 87: Box A.2: Introducing Telecommunicat
Page 88 and 89: Universal Access Universal access r
Page 90 and 91: good example of this. The Kiwi Shar
Page 92 and 93: Figure A.7: Reported Faults per 100
Page 94 and 95: Table A.1: Institutional Indicators
Page 96 and 97: and there have been calls to recons
Page 98 and 99: A.2 Electricity Sector Analysis A s
Page 100 and 101: Figure A.10: Average Electricity Ta
Page 102 and 103: Figure A.11: Economies of Scale in
Page 104 and 105: interest rate relief on a US$9m loa
Page 106 and 107: As Figure A.14 shows, Vanuatu perfo
Page 108 and 109: Table A.3: Industry Structure and G
Page 110 and 111: Regional Cooperation in Electricity
Page 112 and 113: A.3 Water and Sanitation Sector Ana
Page 114 and 115: Figure A.17: Availability of Water
Page 116 and 117: Figure A.20: Staff per 1000 Connect
Page 118 and 119: including full operating expenses a
Page 120 and 121: Corporatization is often employed t
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operating costs, collections levels
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Figure A.25: Road Network Density v
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Federated States of Micronesia at b
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In Samoa: Samoa’s Public Works De
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Many Pacific countries already outs
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4. Domestic and Pacific Island serv
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Figure A.31: TEU Throughput Levels
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system reduces cargo handling effic
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Economies of Scale Port operations
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The landlord model is the most comm
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Fiji 84 Ports The Maritime and Port
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Apia Port has become one of the bes
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Kiribati 90 Ports The Kiribati Port
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In Shipping: Services are considere
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Figure A.36: Total Passenger Throug
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Airline Services Figure A.38 illust
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establishment period. For the offic
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Vanuatu 101 Airports Vanuatu Limite
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Samoa 104 The Samoa Airport Authori
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Institutional Arrangements in Aviat
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Summary of Aviation Analysis The Pa
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Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Micr
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Barbados Dominica Grenada Jamaica M
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Samoa Solomon Islands Timor-Leste T
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Samoa Solomon Islands Timor-Leste T
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“A-Z World Airports Online” www
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