EAP - The Pacific Infrastructure Challenge - World Bank (2006).pdf

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Barbados Dominica Grenada Jamaica Mauritius Philippines St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia Data year source Data year source Data year source Data year source Data year source Data year source Data year source Data year GENERAL WDI WDI Land area (sq km) 430.0 2002 WDI 750 2002 WDI 340 2002 WDI 10,830.0 2002 WDI 2,030.0 2002 WDI 298,170.0 2002 WDI 360 2002 WDI 610.0 2002 GDP (current US$) 2530000000 2002 WDI 247,566,700 2002 WDI 414,148,100 2002 WDI 7870000000 2002 WDI 4530000000 2002 WDI 78000000000 2002 WDI 356,259,300 2002 WDI 660000000 2002 GDP (Current $US) 2626829000 2003 WDI 259148100 2003 WDI 439259300 2003 WDI 8147420000 2003 WDI 5223977000 2003 WDI 80573850000 2003 WDI 345525900 2003 WDI 692777800 2003 Population, total 271000 2002 WDI 72,000 2002 WDI 102,000 2002 WDI 2640000 2002 WDI 1225000 2002 WDI 81500000 2002 WDI 46,000 2002 WDI 160588 2002 Population, total 270584 2003 WDI 71212.83 2003 WDI 104600 2003 WDI 2642628 2003 WDI 1222188 2003 WDI 81502620 2003 WDI 46710 2003 WDI 160588 2003 GDP per capita (Current $US) 9335.793358 2002 WDI 3639.064758 2003 WDI 4199.419694 2003 WDI 2981.060606 2002 WDI 3697.959184 2002 WDI 957.0552147 2002 WDI 7397.257547 2003 WDI 4109.8961 2002 Population density (people per sq km) 629.2651 2003 WDI 94.95044 2003 WDI 307.6471 2003 WDI 244.01 2003 WDI 602.0632 2003 WDI 273.3428 2003 WDI 129.75 2003 WDI 263.259 2003 Rural population (% of total population) 48.3468 2003 WDI 27.9728 2003 WDI 60.44811 2003 WDI 42.4328 2003 WDI 57.7336 2003 WDI 39.0314 2003 WDI 65.3224 2003 WDI 61.4472 2003 Rural population growth (annual %) -0.6994047 2003 WDI -1.00576 2003 WDI 0.1513626 2003 WDI -0.3307036 2003 WDI 0.4439607 2003 WDI -0.1138159 2003 WDI -0.281193 2003 WDI 0.4930409 2003 Population growth (annual %) 0.4444627 2003 WDI 0.188104 2003 WDI 1.062802 2003 WDI 0.8201605 2003 WDI 1.002263 2003 WDI 1.930593 2003 WDI 0 2003 WDI 0.9101748 2003 Education Index 0.95 HDR 0.76 HDR 0.85 HDR 0.83 HDR 0.79 HDR 0.89 HDR 0.98 HDR 0.88 Human Development Index 0.888 2002 HDR 0.743 2002 HDR 0.745 2002 HDR 0.764 2002 HDR 0.785 2002 HDR 0.753 2002 HDR 0.844 2002 HDR 0.777 2002 Official Development Assistance (ODA) received, net disbursments (as % of GDP) 0.1 2002 HDR 12.1 2002 HDR 2.3 2002 HDR 0.3 2002 HDR 0.5 2002 HDR 0.7 2002 HDR 8 2002 HDR 5.1 2002 GDP per capita growth (annual %) 0.8735738 2003 WDI -0.8191337 2003 WDI 4.640776 2003 WDI 1.427231 2003 WDI 2.17083 2003 WDI 2.516906 2003 WDI 0 2003 WDI 0.8269172 2003 Inflation (% annual change in CPI) 1.5 2004 IMF 2.3 2004 IMF 2.3 2004 IMF 11.5 2004 IMF 4.4 2004 IMF 5.5 2004 IMF 2.4 2004 IMF 1 2004 Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) -0.5931095 2003 WDI -7.9 2003 WDI -3.386534 2003 WDI -3.90619 2000 WDI 1.16753 1994 WDI Average growth in real GDP per capita, 1999-2003 Percent Population below poverty line (Latest year available) 32% 2000 CIA 20% 2002 CIA 10% 2001 CIA 40% 2001 CIA Kilometers to nearest major port 2582 2004 Caribbe 2420 2004 Caribbe 933 2004 Caribbe 2412 2004 Atlas GNI per capita ($US 2003) Average aid per capita ($US 2003) Average population growth (annual %, 1998-2004) 170
Appendix C: Selected Bibliography “Air New Zealand Flight Operations – Landing and Passenger Charges” Air New Zealand, August 2004 “Swimming Against the Tide: An Assessment of the Private Sector in the Pacific” Asian Development Bank, 2004 “Technical Assistance to the Republic of the Fiji Islands for Preparing the Civil Aviation and Airports Improvement Project” Asian Development Bank, 2003 “Technical Assistance Report on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Program for the Pacific” Asian Development Bank, April 2003 “Special Evaluation Study on Asian Development Bank Capacity Building Assistance for Managing Water Supply and Sanitation to the Republic of Fiji Islands, Kiribati, Papua New Guinea and Republic of the Marshall Islands” Asian Development Bank, March 2003 “Vanuatu Economic Performance and Challenges Ahead” Asian Development Bank Pacific Studies Series, April 2002 “Santo Port project Performance Audit Report” Asian Development Bank, May 2002 “Report and Recommendations of the President to the Board of Directors on a Proposed Loan to the Maritime and Ports Authority of Fiji for the Fiji Ports Development Project in the Republic of the Fiji Islands” Asian Development Bank, January 2002 “Project Completion Report on the Transport Infrastructure Development Project in Papua New Guinea” Asian Development Bank Pacific Studies Series, December 2002 “Transport Sector Masterplan for East Timor” Asian Development Bank, May 2002 “Marshall Islands Meto 2000 Economic Report and Statement of Development Strategies” Asian Development Bank Pacific Islands Studies Series, 2001 “Technical Assistance to the Republic of the Marshall Islands for Preparing the Outer Island Transport Infrastructure Project” Asian Development Bank, September 2000 “Republic of the Fiji Islands 1999 Economic Report” Asian Development Bank Pacific Studies Series, 1999 “Special Evaluation Study on the Operation and Maintenance of Road Facilities and their Impact on Project Sustainability” Asian Development Bank Pacific Studies Series, December 1998 “Corporatization Plan for the Public Utilities Board, Kiribati” Asian Development Bank, June 1997 “Pacific Regional Transport Study – Final Report Volume 1” AusAid, June 2004 171
Page 2 and 3:
The Pacific Infrastructure Challeng
Page 4 and 5:
Table of Contents 1 Acronyms and Ab
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Figure 8.4: Annual Per Capita Inves
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Box 7.9: ECTEL - Regulatory Coopera
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kWh MDG MIAA MIPA MNOC MOTCA MOU MP
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2 Executive Summary This discussion
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Fiscal, regulatory and policy decis
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Figure 2.2: Estimated Annual Invest
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3 What’s the Purpose of the Discu
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Box 4.2: Improving Infrastructure f
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5 How well are Pacific Countries Pe
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Figure 5.1: Access to Electricity 1
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Water tariffs are often too low In
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Table 6.1 shows that in addition to
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These characteristics mean that Pac
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6.2 Challenges to Institutions and
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6.2.2 Demographic Issues in the Reg
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These high rural populations mean t
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Figure 6.3: Comparison of Defining
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Lack of legal and regulatory suppor
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7 Challenge: How do we Lift Perform
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7.1.2 Poor Policy Design and Coordi
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different, some efficiency may be g
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Figure 7.1: Accountability in Infra
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Box 7.3: Expert Panels can Improve
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Some of these reforms have already
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7.2.2 Choose an Appropriate Reform
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Box 7.5: Public Sector Reforms in t
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Pacific countries, management salar
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There are three classic types of pr
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While private sector involvement ma
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Air services would also benefit fro
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7.2.5 Regional Coordination One opt
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8 What’s the Size of the Challeng
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Figure 8.5: Mainlines Trend 0.600 N
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Page 76 and 77:
Figure 8.11: Total Annual Per Capit
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9 How do we meet the Challenge This
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Box 9.3: Can private sector involve
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Box 9.6: How can the public sector
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The proportion of mainline access a
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Box A.2: Introducing Telecommunicat
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Universal Access Universal access r
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good example of this. The Kiwi Shar
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Figure A.7: Reported Faults per 100
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Table A.1: Institutional Indicators
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and there have been calls to recons
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A.2 Electricity Sector Analysis A s
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Figure A.10: Average Electricity Ta
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Figure A.11: Economies of Scale in
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interest rate relief on a US$9m loa
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As Figure A.14 shows, Vanuatu perfo
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Table A.3: Industry Structure and G
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Regional Cooperation in Electricity
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A.3 Water and Sanitation Sector Ana
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Figure A.17: Availability of Water
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Figure A.20: Staff per 1000 Connect
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including full operating expenses a
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Corporatization is often employed t
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operating costs, collections levels
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Figure A.25: Road Network Density v
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Federated States of Micronesia at b
Page 128 and 129: In Samoa: Samoa’s Public Works De
Page 130 and 131: Many Pacific countries already outs
Page 132 and 133: 4. Domestic and Pacific Island serv
Page 134 and 135: Figure A.31: TEU Throughput Levels
Page 136 and 137: system reduces cargo handling effic
Page 138 and 139: Economies of Scale Port operations
Page 140 and 141: The landlord model is the most comm
Page 142 and 143: Fiji 84 Ports The Maritime and Port
Page 144 and 145: Apia Port has become one of the bes
Page 146 and 147: Kiribati 90 Ports The Kiribati Port
Page 148 and 149: In Shipping: Services are considere
Page 150 and 151: Figure A.36: Total Passenger Throug
Page 152 and 153: Airline Services Figure A.38 illust
Page 154 and 155: establishment period. For the offic
Page 156 and 157: Vanuatu 101 Airports Vanuatu Limite
Page 158 and 159: Samoa 104 The Samoa Airport Authori
Page 160 and 161: Institutional Arrangements in Aviat
Page 162 and 163: Summary of Aviation Analysis The Pa
Page 164 and 165: Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Micr
Page 166 and 167: Barbados Dominica Grenada Jamaica M
Page 168 and 169: Samoa Solomon Islands Timor-Leste T
Page 172 and 173: Barbados Dominica Grenada Jamaica M
Page 174 and 175: Samoa Solomon Islands Timor-Leste T
Page 180 and 181: “A-Z World Airports Online” www
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