EAP - The Pacific Infrastructure Challenge - World Bank (2006).pdf

More documents

Recommendations

Info

In Shipping: Services are considered adequate on international and inter-island routes, which are served by public and private operators. Most routes are open to competition Shipping services to outer islands have been subsidized by governments as they are not economic to provide. Some countries, such as Fiji and Marshall Islands have introduced private sector involvement to the provision of these services. In Fiji, a franchise scheme was originally implemented. This model has been revised and a new model in which private operators supply services to a Government Shipping Corporation is being implemented. A.7 Airports and Aviation Sector Analysis Most Pacific countries are dispersed across several islands, and served by several airports 96 . Air services have an importance to Pacific countries that is beyond their normal value, due to the countries’ isolation and the lack of real surface transport alternatives in many cases. Air transport also enables tourism which varies in importance between countries, but has been identified as an area with substantial development potential. This section reviews the current performance and existing institutional arrangements for airports and air services in Pacific and comparator countries. A.1.7 Benchmarking This section benchmarks the performance of Pacific Island and comparator countries airports and air services using a standard set of indicators. Airport Capacity Table A7 provides a comparison of various capacity indicators for selected Pacific and comparator country airports. Comparator countries are highlighted. 96 The Pacific Regional Study (AusAid, 2004) notes that the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat Countries (including PNG, Cook Islands, Niue and Tuvalu, and excluding Timor-Leste) have a total of 74 civilian airports between them. 140
Table A.7 : Airport Capacity Indicators Airport Country Number of Check in Desks Number of Baggage Number of Claim Devices Aircraft Stands Annual Terminal Capacity (Passenger throughput) Total Passenger Throughput Total Aircraft Total Terminal Movements Area (m2) Number of Airlines Serving Grantley Adams Barbados 65 4 17 2,000,000 2,130,333 43,738 18,580 22 Suva Nausori International Airport Fiji 6 1 4 Nadi Airport Fiji 36 3 1,130,763 55,505 > 6 Pohnpei FSM 6 1 2 3 Point Salines Grenada 11 7 1,200,000 393,851 10,347 7,430 11 Kingston Manley Jamaica 20 1,438,791 23,597 20,000 10 Bonriki International Kiribati 1 0 2 4 Marshall Islands International Marshall Islands 2 0 2 26719 407 6 Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Mauritius 20 12 1,500,000 1,914,245 18,907 13 Christchurch New Zealand 25 5,000,000 4,773,157 156,980 9 Koror Palau 8 1 2 78608 984 3672 6 Jacksons International PNG 1 2 Faleolo International Samoa 6 1 3 4 Henderson Solomon Islands 3 5 58,388 35,000 2 Robert Bradshaw St Kitts 24 2 Hewanorra St Lucia 35 2 5 440,000 366,229 9,506 7,430 12 Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Timor-Leste 2 0 Fua'amotu International Tonga 9 1 3 130,000 1,141 3,322 4 Port Vila Vanuatu 8 1 3 1,600 124,601 4 Sources: Various, A-Z World Airports Online (www.azworldairports.com) and Castalia Questionnaires The larger Pacific airports such as Nadi (Fiji), Faleolo International (Samoa) and Port Jackson (PNG) can accommodate a long haul flight on a Boeing 747 aircraft. Fua’amotu International (Tonga) and Port Vila (Vanuatu) can manage B767 aircraft, while Presidente Nicolau Lobato International (Timor-Leste), Bonriki International (Kiribati) and Henderson International (Solomon Islands) can take B737 aircraft. Technological improvements have had a big impact on air traffic to the Pacific. Thirty years ago a B747 needed to stop at various island nations in order to uplift maximum payload out of Auckland, Los Angeles and Sydney. Now, the B747’s range has increased and these aircraft can overfly all Pacific countries. With an increased proportion of traffic terminating in Pacific countries, more B737s are being used on Pacific Island routes. On average, the Pacific airports have fewer check-in desks (with the exception of Nadi International) and aircraft stands than the comparator airports. They are also served by fewer airlines. Figure A 36 compares the total passenger throughput per capita on an annual basis at selected Pacific and comparator airports. The Pacific airports in this graph demonstrate a lower overall air transport intensity when compared with the comparator countries. This does not indicate that air travel is less important to Pacific countries than it is to the Caribbean comparators. Air travel is extremely important to Pacific countries as alternative forms of travel are almost non-existent. Rather it reflects smaller tourism sectors in most countries (with the exception of Palau). Isolation, the distance between these destinations and major tourist markets and small population bases contribute to this. 141
Page 2 and 3:
The Pacific Infrastructure Challeng
Page 4 and 5:
Table of Contents 1 Acronyms and Ab
Page 6 and 7:
Figure 8.4: Annual Per Capita Inves
Page 8 and 9:
Box 7.9: ECTEL - Regulatory Coopera
Page 10 and 11:
kWh MDG MIAA MIPA MNOC MOTCA MOU MP
Page 12 and 13:
2 Executive Summary This discussion
Page 14 and 15:
Fiscal, regulatory and policy decis
Page 16 and 17:
Figure 2.2: Estimated Annual Invest
Page 18 and 19:
3 What’s the Purpose of the Discu
Page 20 and 21:
Box 4.2: Improving Infrastructure f
Page 22 and 23:
5 How well are Pacific Countries Pe
Page 24 and 25:
Figure 5.1: Access to Electricity 1
Page 26 and 27:
Water tariffs are often too low In
Page 28 and 29:
Table 6.1 shows that in addition to
Page 30 and 31:
These characteristics mean that Pac
Page 32 and 33:
6.2 Challenges to Institutions and
Page 34 and 35:
6.2.2 Demographic Issues in the Reg
Page 36 and 37:
These high rural populations mean t
Page 38 and 39:
Figure 6.3: Comparison of Defining
Page 40 and 41:
Lack of legal and regulatory suppor
Page 42 and 43:
7 Challenge: How do we Lift Perform
Page 44 and 45:
7.1.2 Poor Policy Design and Coordi
Page 46 and 47:
different, some efficiency may be g
Page 48 and 49:
Figure 7.1: Accountability in Infra
Page 50 and 51:
Box 7.3: Expert Panels can Improve
Page 52 and 53:
Some of these reforms have already
Page 54 and 55:
7.2.2 Choose an Appropriate Reform
Page 56 and 57:
Box 7.5: Public Sector Reforms in t
Page 58 and 59:
Pacific countries, management salar
Page 60 and 61:
There are three classic types of pr
Page 62 and 63:
While private sector involvement ma
Page 64 and 65:
Air services would also benefit fro
Page 66 and 67:
7.2.5 Regional Coordination One opt
Page 68 and 69:
8 What’s the Size of the Challeng
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Figure 8.5: Mainlines Trend 0.600 N
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Figure 8.11: Total Annual Per Capit
Page 78 and 79:
9 How do we meet the Challenge This
Page 80 and 81:
Box 9.3: Can private sector involve
Page 82 and 83:
Box 9.6: How can the public sector
Page 84 and 85:
The proportion of mainline access a
Page 86 and 87:
Box A.2: Introducing Telecommunicat
Page 88 and 89:
Universal Access Universal access r
Page 90 and 91:
good example of this. The Kiwi Shar
Page 92 and 93:
Figure A.7: Reported Faults per 100
Page 94 and 95:
Table A.1: Institutional Indicators
Page 96 and 97:
and there have been calls to recons
Page 98 and 99: A.2 Electricity Sector Analysis A s
Page 100 and 101: Figure A.10: Average Electricity Ta
Page 102 and 103: Figure A.11: Economies of Scale in
Page 104 and 105: interest rate relief on a US$9m loa
Page 106 and 107: As Figure A.14 shows, Vanuatu perfo
Page 108 and 109: Table A.3: Industry Structure and G
Page 110 and 111: Regional Cooperation in Electricity
Page 112 and 113: A.3 Water and Sanitation Sector Ana
Page 114 and 115: Figure A.17: Availability of Water
Page 116 and 117: Figure A.20: Staff per 1000 Connect
Page 118 and 119: including full operating expenses a
Page 120 and 121: Corporatization is often employed t
Page 122 and 123: operating costs, collections levels
Page 124 and 125: Figure A.25: Road Network Density v
Page 126 and 127: Federated States of Micronesia at b
Page 128 and 129: In Samoa: Samoa’s Public Works De
Page 130 and 131: Many Pacific countries already outs
Page 132 and 133: 4. Domestic and Pacific Island serv
Page 134 and 135: Figure A.31: TEU Throughput Levels
Page 136 and 137: system reduces cargo handling effic
Page 138 and 139: Economies of Scale Port operations
Page 140 and 141: The landlord model is the most comm
Page 142 and 143: Fiji 84 Ports The Maritime and Port
Page 144 and 145: Apia Port has become one of the bes
Page 146 and 147: Kiribati 90 Ports The Kiribati Port
Page 150 and 151: Figure A.36: Total Passenger Throug
Page 152 and 153: Airline Services Figure A.38 illust
Page 154 and 155: establishment period. For the offic
Page 156 and 157: Vanuatu 101 Airports Vanuatu Limite
Page 158 and 159: Samoa 104 The Samoa Airport Authori
Page 160 and 161: Institutional Arrangements in Aviat
Page 162 and 163: Summary of Aviation Analysis The Pa
Page 164 and 165: Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Micr
Page 166 and 167: Barbados Dominica Grenada Jamaica M
Page 168 and 169: Samoa Solomon Islands Timor-Leste T
Page 174 and 175: Samoa Solomon Islands Timor-Leste T
Page 180 and 181: “A-Z World Airports Online” www
show all

EAP - The Pacific Infrastructure Challenge - World Bank (2006).pdf

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?