Underneath the Golden Boy - Robson Hall Faculty of Law
Underneath the Golden Boy - Robson Hall Faculty of Law Underneath the Golden Boy - Robson Hall Faculty of Law
284 Underneath the Golden Boy there are areas of difference among the Acts. As well, in the years since Canadian franchise legislation was first enacted, various suggestions have been made for improvements to the regulatory scheme. Some call for amendments to address specific problems that have been encountered, 216 and others represent more significant structural changes. 1. Disclosure Elements As noted, there are areas of difference among the Canadian statutes; many of these relate to specific franchisor disclosure requirements. The Commission is interested in comments from the public with respect to disclosure matters, including: (a) Scope of disclosure of material facts • Should the ULCC approach to disclosure of ‘material facts’ be followed (setting out an extensive list of matters that must be disclosed whether or not the information is material in a situation) or the approach under current provincial regulations (which provides less detail) The provincial approach may be less likely to result in irrelevant material being included, and there is still a general requirement to include information about a matter that is not listed but meets the definition of ‘material fact’. It is also the current Canadian standard. However, there is a risk that a franchisor may exclude relevant information. • Whether the more comprehensive or less comprehensive approach is chosen, are there categories of disclosure not currently included in provincial legislation that should be specifically required For example, information respecting: • settled litigation and terms of settlement; • arbitration and/or mediation proceedings; • confidentiality agreements signed by current and former franchisees; • background, market conditions and risk factors relating to the nature of the business; • information as to how the franchisor may compete with franchisees through alternate distribution channels, such as the internet or catalogue sales; 216 In Ontario, for example, franchise lawyer Peter Dillon has criticized the Wishart Act, arguing that Ontario is “the toughest jurisdiction in the world in which to franchise”; P. M. Dillon, “Ontario Franchise Developments in 2004: Has the Pendulum Finished Swinging Yet” Siskinds Collection of Franchise Law Articles (FRAN/RP-016, June 15, 2005), QL at paragraph. 1; see also P.M. Dillon, “Will Franchising Survive As a Business Model Under Canadian laws and Regulations” Franchise Law Journal (Summer 2006).
Franchise Law Consultation Paper 2007 285 • information respecting the parents, predecessors, affiliates and associates of the franchisor; • bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings relating to officers, directors and partners with management responsibilities; • franchisee support resources and methods; • policies respecting security interests and guarantees; • gross-up provisions to compensate foreign franchisors for the cost of royalty withholding tax; • repeated sales of the same franchised outlet; • where the franchisor receives a rebate or benefit from a required supplier, the source of the benefit and how the benefit is calculated; • whether the franchisor or any officer of the franchisor has an interest in a required supplier. (b) Wrap around disclosure document and substantial compliance. Alberta and PEI allow franchisors to use disclosure documents that are acceptable in other jurisdictions with ‘wrap around’ material to comply with the province’s requirements. These jurisdictions also provide that a disclosure document complies with the legislation if it is ‘substantially complete’. (c) Exceptions for confidentiality, site selection or refundable deposit agreements. Disclosure documents must be delivered to a prospective franchisee 14 days before the signing of an agreement relating to the franchise or the payment of consideration relating to the franchise. All Acts except Ontario’s exempt confidentiality and site selection agreements from the disclosure requirement; the Alberta Act also exempts fully refundable deposits. Should franchisors be able to require a refundable deposit or enter into a confidentiality or site selection agreement with a franchisee before providing disclosure 2. Exemptions In Alberta and under the New Brunswick Bill, regulations may be made to provide for exemptions from any or all provisions of the Act or regulations. The Ontario and PEI Acts authorize regulations to be made exempting certain franchisors from the requirement to include financial statements in a disclosure statement. As well, under the PEI Act, any franchisor may apply to the Minister for an exemption from the requirement to disclose financial statements. The Minister may exempt the franchisor, subject to any terms and conditions, if satisfied that to do so would not be prejudicial to the public interest. Regulations have been made in Alberta, Ontario, and PEI to exempt ‘mature franchisors’ from the requirement to include financial statements in a disclosure statement. Mature franchisors may be expected to provide more stable
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Franchise <strong>Law</strong> Consultation Paper 2007 285<br />
• information respecting <strong>the</strong> parents, predecessors, affiliates and<br />
associates <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> franchisor;<br />
• bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings relating to <strong>of</strong>ficers,<br />
directors and partners with management responsibilities;<br />
• franchisee support resources and methods;<br />
• policies respecting security interests and guarantees;<br />
• gross-up provisions to compensate foreign franchisors for <strong>the</strong><br />
cost <strong>of</strong> royalty withholding tax;<br />
• repeated sales <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> same franchised outlet;<br />
• where <strong>the</strong> franchisor receives a rebate or benefit from a<br />
required supplier, <strong>the</strong> source <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> benefit and how <strong>the</strong><br />
benefit is calculated;<br />
• whe<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> franchisor or any <strong>of</strong>ficer <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> franchisor has an<br />
interest in a required supplier.<br />
(b) Wrap around disclosure document and substantial compliance. Alberta<br />
and PEI allow franchisors to use disclosure documents that are acceptable in<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r jurisdictions with ‘wrap around’ material to comply with <strong>the</strong> province’s<br />
requirements. These jurisdictions also provide that a disclosure document<br />
complies with <strong>the</strong> legislation if it is ‘substantially complete’.<br />
(c) Exceptions for confidentiality, site selection or refundable deposit<br />
agreements.<br />
Disclosure documents must be delivered to a prospective franchisee 14 days<br />
before <strong>the</strong> signing <strong>of</strong> an agreement relating to <strong>the</strong> franchise or <strong>the</strong> payment <strong>of</strong><br />
consideration relating to <strong>the</strong> franchise. All Acts except Ontario’s exempt<br />
confidentiality and site selection agreements from <strong>the</strong> disclosure requirement;<br />
<strong>the</strong> Alberta Act also exempts fully refundable deposits. Should franchisors be<br />
able to require a refundable deposit or enter into a confidentiality or site<br />
selection agreement with a franchisee before providing disclosure<br />
2. Exemptions<br />
In Alberta and under <strong>the</strong> New Brunswick Bill, regulations may be made to<br />
provide for exemptions from any or all provisions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Act or regulations. The<br />
Ontario and PEI Acts authorize regulations to be made exempting certain<br />
franchisors from <strong>the</strong> requirement to include financial statements in a disclosure<br />
statement. As well, under <strong>the</strong> PEI Act, any franchisor may apply to <strong>the</strong> Minister<br />
for an exemption from <strong>the</strong> requirement to disclose financial statements. The<br />
Minister may exempt <strong>the</strong> franchisor, subject to any terms and conditions, if<br />
satisfied that to do so would not be prejudicial to <strong>the</strong> public interest.<br />
Regulations have been made in Alberta, Ontario, and PEI to exempt<br />
‘mature franchisors’ from <strong>the</strong> requirement to include financial statements in a<br />
disclosure statement. Mature franchisors may be expected to provide more stable