Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1

Globally Threatened Amphibian Species 243
EN Duellmanohyla ignicolor (Duellman, 1961)
Endangered B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)
Order, Family: Anura, Hylidae
Country Distribution: Mexico
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
© Hylid Frogs of Middle America, 2001,
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles
Geographic Range This species is known from the Sierra de Juárez, northern Oaxaca, Mexico, at elevations of
680-1,850m asl.
Population This species is relatively uncommon and is known only from a few localities.
Habitat and Ecology It is a stream-breeding amphibian that requires the presence of streams and humid microhabitats.
Major Threats The main threat to this species is the disturbance and desiccation of streams in cloud forest. In
addition, larvae with keratinized mouthparts have been found in southern Mexico, which suggests infection with
chytridiomycosis.
Conservation Measures Urgent protection of the Sierra de Juárez area is suggested since there are no existing
protected areas in the region. In view of what appears to be a genuine risk of chytridiomycosis, the status of this
species should be closely monitored, and ex-situ populations may need to be established. This species is protected
by Mexican law under the “Special Protection” category (Pr).
Bibliography: Campbell, J.A. and Smith, E.N. (1992), Duellman, W.E. (2001), Lips, K.R. et al. (2004)
Data Providers: Georgina Santos-Barrera, Antonio Muñoz Alonso, Luis Canseco-Márquez
EN Duellmanohyla lythrodes (Savage, 1968)
Endangered B1ab(iii)
Order, Family: Anura, Hylidae
Country Distribution: Costa Rica, Panama
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
© Hylid Frogs of Middle America, 2001,
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles
Geographic Range This species is known from the humid lowlands of the Atlantic versant in southern Costa Rica
and adjacent north-western Panama, from 170-440m asl (Savage 2002).
Population It is a rare species known only from three specimens.
Habitat and Ecology The few known specimens have been collected on low vegetation (approximately 3m above
ground) within humid lowland forest. The species may be associated with headwater streams (Savage 2002). Larval
development is presumed to take place in these streams.
Major Threats The major threat to the species is general habitat loss due to deforestation for smallholder farming
activities, logging, and human settlement. Chytridiomycosis is also a potential threat to this species.
Conservation Measures It has not been recorded from any protected areas, and the lowland forest habitat of this
species is in urgent need of protection. Further research is needed to determine the current population status of this
species, and whether it is at risk of infection with chytrid.
Bibliography: Campbell, J.A. and Smith, E.N. (1992), Duellman, W.E. (1970), Duellman, W.E. (2001), Ibáñez, R. et al. (2000), Savage,
J.M. (1968a), Savage, J.M. (2002), Young, B. et al. (1999)
Data Providers: Frank Solís, Roberto Ibáñez, Gerardo Chaves, Jay Savage, César Jaramillo, Querube Fuenmayor
VU Duellmanohyla rufioculis (Taylor, 1952)
Vulnerable B1ab(iii)
Order, Family: Anura, Hylidae
Country Distribution: Costa Rica
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
© Brian Kubicki
Geographic Range This species occurs on the Caribbean and Pacifi c slopes of the mountains of Costa Rica, at
elevations of 775-1,580m asl.
Population It is regularly encountered in suitable habitat throughout its range.
Habitat and Ecology It lives in premontane wet forest and rainforest. A nocturnal stream breeder, males call
throughout the year but are most active from August to December. The species sometimes aggregates around small,
shallow streams or seeps draining into streams. Tadpoles are found in quiet pools.
Major Threats Major threats include deforestation, stream alteration, and pollution. Chytridiomycosis is also a
potential threat.
Conservation Measures Its range includes several national parks, such as Braulio Carrillo, and other protected areas.
The species is in need of close population monitoring, particularly if chytrid is shown to represent a genuine threat.
Bibliography: Campbell, J.A. and Smith, E.N. (1992), Pounds, J.A. et al. (1997), Savage, J.M. (2002)
Data Providers: Federico Bolaños, Gerardo Chaves
CR Duellmanohyla salvavida (McCranie and Wilson,1986)
Critically Endangered B2ab(iii,v)
Order, Family: Anura, Hylidae
Country Distribution: Honduras
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
© James McCranie
Geographic Range This species occurs in Sierra de Nombre de Dios and Montana Macuzal, Atlantica and Yoro
departments, north-central Honduras, at elevations of 90-1,400m asl.
Population It is uncommon and all populations are believed to be declining.
Habitat and Ecology It lives in lowland moist forest and premontane wet forest. It has been collected along shallow,
slow-moving streams. It lays eggs in vegetation over streams.
Major Threats Habitat loss and degradation due to subsistence and smallholder agriculture, and logging, is the
main threat to this species. Landslides on the upper clear water streams (caused by strong storms and human activities
in the lower portions of the streams), water pollution, and fires are also threats. Chytridiomycosis presents a
potential threat to this species.
Conservation Measures It occurs within the Parque Nacional Pico Bonito and the Refugio de Vida Silvestre
Texiguat. There is a need for close monitoring of the population status of this species, particularly given the threat
of chytridiomycosis.
Bibliography: Campbell, J.A. and Smith, E.N. (1992), McCranie, J.R. and Wilson, L.D. (1986), McCranie, J.R. and Wilson, L.D. (1990),
McCranie, J.R. and Wilson, L.D. (2002b), Wilson, L.D. and McCranie, J.R. (1998)
Data Providers: Gustavo Cruz, Larry David Wilson