Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1

More documents

Recommendations

Info

200 Threatened Amphibians of the World VU Oreophrynella nigra Señaris, Ayarzaguena and Gorzula, 1994 Vulnerable D2 Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Venezuela Current Population Trend: Stable © Karl-Heinz Jungfer Geographic Range This species is known from Tepuis Kukenan and Yuruaní, in Bolívar State, Venezuela, at 2,300- 2,700m asl. Population It is a common species. Habitat and Ecology This is a diurnal frog that can be found on rocks in montane tepui environments. It is a communally breeding species, with breeding taking place by direct development in galleries within peat bogs. Major Threats Although there are no current major threats, its restricted range makes it more susceptible to threatening processes such as wildfire. Conservation Measures It is recorded from Yuruaní National Monument. There is a need for close population monitoring of this species given that it is restricted to a single location. Bibliography: Barrio Amorós, C.L. (2004), La Marca, E. (1997), McDiarmid, R. and Gorzula, S. (1989), Señaris, J.C., Ayarsagüena, J. and Gorzula, S. (1994), Solano, H. (1989) Data Providers: Enrique La Marca, Celsa Señaris VU Oreophrynella quelchii (Boulenger, 1895) Vulnerable D2 Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela Current Population Trend: Stable © César Luis Barrio-Amorós / Fundación AndígenA Geographic Range This species is restricted to the summit of Mount Roraima in Venezuela, Guyana and Brazil, and from Wei-Assipo-Tepui in Guyana. It has been recorded from 2,300-2,800m asl. Population It is common on the summit of Mount Roraima, and its population is probably stable. Habitat and Ecology A diurnal toad usually found on open rock surfaces in high montane tepui environments. It breeds by direct development. Major Threats Although there are no current major threats, the restricted range of this species makes it more vulnerable to threatening processes, such as disturbance by tourists (who frequently handle the animals). Conservation Measures It is protected in Monumento Natural Los Tepuyes in Venezuela, and Parque Nacional Monte Roraima in Brazil. There is a need for increased education among tourists to make them aware of the importance of not handling these animals in the wild. Close population monitoring is also required, particularly since this species is known only from a single location. Bibliography: Barrio Amorós, C.L. (2004), Frost, D.R. (1985), Gines, H. (1959), Gorzula, S. and Señaris, J.C. (1998), La Marca, E. (1992), La Marca, E. (1995b), La Marca, E. (1997), McDiarmid, R. (1971), McDiarmid, R. and Gorzula, S. (1989), Péfaur, J.E. and Rivero, J.A. (2000), Rivero, J.A. (1961), Señaris, J.C., Ayarsagüena, J. and Gorzula, S. (1994), Solano, H. (1989), Vial, J.L. and Saylor, L. (1993) Data Providers: Marinus Hoogmoed, Celsa Señaris VU Oreophrynella vasquezi Señaris, Ayarzaguena and Gorzula, 1994 Vulnerable D2 Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Venezuela Current Population Trend: Stable Geographic Range This species is restricted to the summit of Ilú-tepui (05° 25’N; 60° 58’W), in Bolívar State, Venezuela, where it has been recorded from 2,450-2,650m asl. Population The population status of this species is not known. Habitat and Ecology A diurnal, high-montane toad found in tepui habitats. It breeds by direct development, and lays its eggs under rocks. Major Threats Although there are no current major threats, the restricted range of this species makes it more vulnerable to threatening processes, such as wildfire. Conservation Measures It most likely occurs within Parque Nacional Canaima. Close population monitoring of this species is required, particularly since it is known only from a single location. Bibliography: Barrio Amorós, C.L. (2004), Barrio, C. (1998), La Marca, E. (1997), Señaris, J.C., Ayarsagüena, J. and Gorzula, S. (1994) Data Providers: Enrique La Marca, Celsa Señaris EN Osornophryne antisana Hoogmoed, 1987 Endangered B1ab(iii,v) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Ecuador Current Population Trend: Decreasing © Mario Humberto Yánez-Muñoz Geographic Range This species is known only from the type locality, Antisana, Napo Province, Ecuador, and from the volcano of Quilindana. In total, it is known from only four localities. It has been recorded between 3,400 and 4,000m asl. Population It appears to be a rare, and locally uncommon species; however, this may be an artefact of inappropriate survey techniques.For example, when digging into the soil under the páramo plants, dozens of specimens have been found (M. Yanez and D.F. Cisneros-Heredia pers. comm.). The population of this species is thought to be declining. Habitat and Ecology It is terrestrial, and both diurnal and nocturnal, inhabiting wet sub-páramo habitats. The holotype was collected in an area of meadows with isolated patches of forest. Creeks and swamps are the typical landscape on the upper limit of the wet altitudinal forest (Hoogmoed 1987). It breeds by direct development, and lays its eggs on soil under vegetation. Major Threats The major threat to this species is habitat loss due to agricultural activities, both crops and livestock; climate change may also be impacting the species. Conservation Measures This species occurs in the Reserva Ecológica Antisana, the Reserva Ecológica Cayambe- Coca, and Parque Nacional Llanganates. Notes on taxonomy: The identity of the specimens from the northern part of Parque Nacional Llanganates requires confirmation. Bibliography: Hoogmoed, M.S. (1987) Data Providers: Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, Diego Cisneros-Heredia, Mario Yánez-Muñoz
Globally Threatened Amphibian Species 201 EN Osornophryne guacamayo Hoogmoed, 1987 GUACAMAYO PLUMP TOAD Endangered B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Colombia, Ecuador Current Population Trend: Decreasing © Luis A. Coloma Geographic Range This species is known from the Cordillera de Guacamayos in north-eastern Ecuador (in Napo Provice) and from the Valle del Sibundoy in southern Colombia. It probably occurs more widely than current records suggest, especially in areas between known sites. Its altitudinal range is 2,100-3,500m asl. Population It is locally uncommon. Habitat and Ecology It lives in very wet tropical cloud forest, and is usually found on low vegetation and in leaf-litter; specimens have been collected along a roadside, on moss in rock crevices. It is found only in undisturbed habitats. Breeding is by direct development. Major Threats The major threat is habitat loss as a result of deforestation for agricultural development, the planting of illegal crops, fire, logging activities, and human settlement. An additional threat is pollution resulting from the spraying of illegal crops. Conservation Measures The range of this species in Ecuador overlaps several protected areas, including the Reserva Ecológica Cayambe-Coca, the Reserva Ecológica Antisana and Parque Nacional Sumaco in Ecuador. It has not been found in any protected areas in Colombia. Improved and expanded habitat protection is urgently needed to ensure the persistence of this species in its montane forest habitat. Notes on taxonomy: The Colombian populations have different skin texture and some morphological differences compared to Ecuadorian populations. More research is needed to determine whether or not this is in fact two separate species (D.F. Cisneros-Heredia pers. comm.). Bibliography: Gluesenkamp, A.G. and Acosta, N. (2001), Hoogmoed, M.S. (1987), Ruiz-Carranza, P.M., Ardila-Robayo, M.C. and Lynch, J.D. (1996) Data Providers: Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, Diego Cisneros-Heredia, Ana Almandáriz, Wilmar Bolívar EN Osornophryne percrassa Ruíz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976 HERVEO PLUMP TOAD Endangered B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Colombia Current Population Trend: Decreasing © John D. Lynch Geographic Range This species is known from the central páramos in Tolima, Caldas and Quindio Departments, on the eastern fl ank of the central Andes, in Colombia, between 2,700 and 3,700m asl. Population It is not a common species. Habitat and Ecology It occurs on leaf-litter and rocks on the ground in Andean forests and páramos, and has not been recorded from anthropogenic habitats. It is a direct developing species. Major Threats The species is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, mainly due to the expansion of agriculture, and pollution from the fumigation of illegal crops. Climate change is also a potential threat to this high-elevation species. Conservation Measures Its range includes several protected areas, but improved and expanded protection of the montane habitat of this species is necessary. Bibliography: Acosta-Galvis, A.R. (2000), Ardila-Robayo, M.C. and Acosta-Galvis, A. (2000b), Gluesenkamp, A.G. (1995), Ruiz-Carranza, P.M. and Hernández-Camacho, J.A. (1976b) Data Providers: Wilmar Bolívar, John Lynch VU Osornophryne sumacoensis Gluesenkamp, 1995 Vulnerable D2 Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Ecuador Current Population Trend: Stable Geographic Range This species is known only from around a small crater lake on the eastern slopes of Volcán Sumaco, in Napo Province, Ecuador, at 2,500m asl. Population It is locally common. Habitat and Ecology It is an inhabitant of the cloud forest surrounding the lake. This forest is made up of bamboo (Chusquea sp.), Ficus and other trees up to 20m tall. There is an abundance of epiphytes in the area. It is terrestrial, both diurnal and nocturnal, and specimens have been found under leaf-litter by day (Gluesenkamp 1995). It breeds by direct development, and lays its eggs on soil under vegetation. Major Threats There are no current major threats to the species, although eruption of Volcán Sumaco poses a future potential threat to its only known site. Conservation Measures It is present in Parque Nacional Sumaco. There is a need for close population monitoring of this species, particularly given its restriction to a single location. Bibliography: Gluesenkamp, A.G. (1995) Data Providers: Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, Diego Cisneros-Heredia, Ana Almandáriz EN Osornophryne talipes Cannatella, 1986 CANNATELLA’S PLUMP TOAD Endangered B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Colombia, Ecuador Current Population Trend: Decreasing © Mario Humberto Yánez-Muñoz Geographic Range This species ranges from the type locality in Imbabura Province, Ecuador, north to Narino and Cauca Departments in southern Colombia. It probably occurs a little more widely than current records suggest, especially in areas between known sites. The type locality is at 3,400m asl, and it occurs at similar altitudes in Colombia. Population It appears to be a rare species; however, this may be an artefact of inappropriate survey techniques. For example, when digging into the soil under páramo plants, dozens of specimens have been found(M. Yanez and D.F. Cisneros-Heredia pers. comm.). Habitat and Ecology It has been found only in undisturbed habitats in dense upper montane forest, with trees reaching heights of as much as 10m, and in sub-páramo bushland. It breeds by direct development. Major Threats The major threat is habitat loss as a result of deforestation for agricultural development, the planting of illegal crops, fire, logging, and human settlement. Pollution resulting from the spraying of illegal crops is an additional threat. Conservation Measures It is not known from any protected areas in Ecuador, but it occurs in Parque Nacional Natural Purace in Colombia. It is recommended that the existing protected areas network be expanded to incorporate remaining patches of high-elevation montane forest. Bibliography: Cannatella, D.C. (1986), Lynch, J.D. (1981a), Ruiz-Carranza, P.M., Ardila-Robayo, M.C. and Lynch, J.D. (1996) Data Providers: Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, Taran Grant, Diego Cisneros-Heredia, Ana Almandáriz
Page 1 and 2:
Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
Page 3 and 4:
Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
Page 5 and 6: Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
Page 55: Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
show all

Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?