Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1

More documents

Recommendations

Info

190 Threatened Amphibians of the World EN Bufo perplexus Taylor, 1943 Endangered B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Mexico Current Population Trend: Decreasing Geographic Range This species is found in the Tepalcatepec Basin and surrounding areas in south-western Michoacán, south of the Balsas River in Guerrero, Mexico. It probably occurs more widely than currently known. Population This is a rare species. Habitat and Ecology It inhabits the Pacific lowlands in areas of seasonal tropical forest, and lives under rocks and logs close to streams, breeding in pools. Major Threats The main threats to this species are infrastructure development and agricultural expansion, coupled with changes in the management of agricultural habitat. Conservation Measures It is not found within any protected area, and protection of the species’ original forest habitat is urgently needed. Bibliography: Blair, W.F. (1972), Duellman, W.E. (1961) Data Providers: Georgina Santos-Barrera, Luis Canseco-Márquez VU Bufo perreti Schiøtz, 1963 Vulnerable D2 Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Nigeria Current Population Trend: Unknown © Arne Schiøtz Geographic Range This species has been recorded only from the Idanre Hills, in Ondo Province, south-western Nigeria. It is very likely to occur in other similar habitats in south-western Nigeria. There have been no recent records of the species, presumably because of a lack of herpetological work within its range. Population It is reported to be very common within its small known range, and tadpoles are abundant during the wet season. Habitat and Ecology It is closely associated with gneiss domes or inselbergs in the forest zone, though is absent from similar inselbergs in the savannah belt. It lives terrestrially in patches of shrubby vegetation and forest on the gneiss domes. The eggs are probably laid on soil, and the tadpoles then disperse by crawling out on the wet, sloping (often almost vertical) rock. Major Threats Its rocky habitat is largely inaccessible and useless to humans, so this species is probably not facing any serious threats at present. However, it is intrinsically at risk because of its restricted range. Conservation Measures It is not known from any protected areas, and there is a need for improved protection of sites where this species is known to occur. There is also a need for population monitoring given that it is known from only a single location. Bibliography: Schiøtz, A. (1963), Tandy, M. and Keith, R. (1972) Data Providers: Arne Schiøtz, Mills Tandy VU Bufo quechua Gallardo, 1961 Vulnerable B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Bolivia Current Population Trend: Decreasing © Arturo Muñoz Geographic Range This species is known from the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes, in Cochabamba and Santa Cruz Departments. It has also been recorded in Chapare Province, Cochabamba Department and Caballero Province, Santa Cruz Department in Bolivia (Köhler 2000a; Cortez 2001). It has been recorded from 1,900-2,300m asl. Population The population status of this species is not known. Habitat and Ecology A terrestrial species inhabiting wet montane forest including cloud and Yungas forest. The eggs are laid in lotic waters (Köhler 2000a). Major Threats Major threats to this species’ habitat include agriculture (mainly from smallholder farmers) and agricultural pollution. Köhler (2000a) points out that it is very common to find this species infected by parasites, with visible red pustules that, according to De la Riva (1997), are caused by the larvae of a trombidioid mite. However, it is not known whether or not the infestations have a negative effect on the species. Conservation Measures Its range includes Parque Nacional Carrasco and Parque Nacional Amboro. Notes on taxonomy: Harvey and Smith (1993) pointed out that Bufo echinodes, described by Reynolds and Foster (1992), is a synonym of B. quechua. This species is possibly a complex of more than one species. Bibliography: Cortez, C. (2000), De la Riva, I. (1997), De la Riva, I. et al. (2000), Gallardo, J.M. (1961b), Harvey, M. and Smith, E. (1993), Hoogmoed, M.S. (1990), Köhler, J. (2000a), Mercadal-de Barrio, I.T. and Barrio, A. (1978), Reynolds, R. and Foster, M. (1992) Data Providers: Claudia Cortez, Steffen Reichle, Ignacio De la Riva, Jörn Köhler VU Bufo rubropunctatus Guichenot, 1848 Vulnerable A2c Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Argentina, Chile Current Population Trend: Decreasing © Andrés Morya Geographic Range This species is endemic to the temperate forests of Chile and Argentina. In Chile, the distribution extends from Lanalhue Lake (37° 55’S; 73° 19’W), Arauco Province, to Palena 43°S (approximately). In Argentina, the species is restricted to southern Río Negro Province and northern Chubut Province (including a single record from Parque Nacional Los Alerces). It has an altitudinal range of 200-800m asl. Population The northernmost population in Chile is declining, while the Argentinean subpopulations seem to be stable, with successful reproduction with recruitment recently verified (Vidoz and Ubeda 2000). It is abundant during the breeding season when courtship aggregations are formed. Habitat and Ecology It inhabits humid to xeric forests, as well as open environments, some of them with a certain degree of disturbance (Vidoz and Ubeda 2000). Breeding occurs in shallow temporary ponds adjacent to rivers, reservoirs and lakes. Adults live in small holes or under bushes during the day. Major Threats The major threat is degradation and fragmentation of habitat, due to agriculture, afforestation with exotic species (pine), overgrazing by cattle, and human settlements. Tourism development also appears to be a threat to the habitat of this species. Conservation Measures The species is protected by Parque Nacional Lago Puelo and Parque Nacional Los Alerces (a single record) in Argentina, and Parque Nacional Puyehue and Parque Nacional Vicente Pérez Rosales in Chile. Bibliography: Cei, J.M. (1962), Cei, J.M. (1980), Formas, J.R. (1979), Formas, J.R. (1995), Formas, J.R. and Pugín, E. (1978), Gallardo, J.M. (1962a), Gallardo, J.M. (1965), Glade, A. (1993), Lavilla, E.O. et al. (2000), Servicio Agrícola Ganadero (1998), Veloso, A. and Navarro, J. (1988), Vidoz, F. and Ubeda, C.A. (2000) Data Providers: Carmen Úbeda, Alberto Veloso, Herman Núñez, Néstor Basso
Globally Threatened Amphibian Species 191 VU Bufo rumbolli Carrizo, 1992 Vulnerable B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Argentina Current Population Trend: Decreasing © Arturo Muñoz Geographic Range This species occurs in Calilegua, Ledesma Department, Jujuy Province and Arasayal, Orán Department, Salta Province, Argentina, from 700-1,700m asl. It is expected to occur more widely, and might be present in Bolivia. Population Although it is a rare species, it is nonetheless collected regularly. Habitat and Ecology It is a terrestrial species occurring in montane forests (Yungas). Its tolerance to habitat disturbance is not known. It reproduces in slow-flowing streams where the tadpoles also develop. Major Threats Selective logging and clear-cutting of primary forests are the main threat to this species, although it is also being affected by the introduction of predatory fish (trout) and the alteration of watersheds. Conservation Measures It is present in Parque Nacional Calilegua and Parque Nacional Baritú. Bibliography: Carrizo, G.R. (1991), De la Riva, I. et al. (2000), Lavilla, E.O. et al. (2000), Lavilla, E.O. and Cei, J.M. (2001), Vaira, M. (2002) Data Providers: Esteban Lavilla EN Bufo sclerocephalus Mijares-Urrutia and Arends, 2001 Endangered B1ab(iii,v) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Venezuela Current Population Trend: Decreasing Geographic Range This species is known from the Sierra de San Luis, in Falcón State, Venezuela, where it has been recorded from 1,150-1,500m asl. Population The most recent specimens were collected in 1992, and no additional specimens have been found since then (although this may be due to a lack of fieldwork within its range). Habitat and Ecology It occurs on vegetation in cloud forest. Some individual males have been observed calling in slow-moving water, and the larvae probably develop in water. Major Threats The habitat of the species is under intense pressure from agriculture and livestock farming, even within Parque Nacional Juan Crisóstomo Falcón. The species is also used in local medicinal use for the preparation of treatments against dermal herpes. Conservation Measures Although it occurs in Parque Nacional Juan Crisóstomo Falcón, this area is poorly managed for conservation and is in urgent need of more effective management. Education and awareness of the local people regarding the use of this species is recommended. Further survey work is also needed to determine the current population status of the species. Bibliography: Barrio Amorós, C.L. (2004), Mijares-Urrutia, A. and Arends, A. (2001) Data Providers: Abraham Mijares, Enrique La Marca VU Bufo scorteccii Balletto and Cherchi, 1970 Vulnerable D2 Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Yemen Current Population Trend: Stable Geographic Range This species is possibly restricted to Wadi al Khalili near Mafhaq (1,550m asl) on a high plateau in northern Yemen. Population It is probably common within its restricted range. Habitat and Ecology It is found within the wadi, and shelters in the surrounding vegetation. Breeding takes place in pools. Major Threats There are no current threats to this species, although its restricted range makes it vulnerable to stochastic events. Conservation Measures It is not known whether or not this species occurs in protected areas, or whether or not it is protected by national legislation. It requires close population monitoring given that is known from only one location. Bibliography: Balletto, E., Cherchi, M.A. and Gasperetti, J. (1985) Data Providers: Andrew Gardner, Theodore Papenfuss, Steven Anderson, Matthias Stöck, Sergius Kuzmin EN Bufo spiculatus Mendelson, 1997 Endangered B1ab(iii) Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae Country Distribution: Mexico Current Population Trend: Decreasing Geographic Range This species is known from two localities in northern Oaxaca in the Sierra de Juárez in Mexico, and another allopatric population has been recorded in the Sierra Mixe, south-central Oaxaca, Mexico; additional survey work is likely to result in its discovery at additional locations. The type locality is at 1,570m asl. Population There is no information available on the population status of this species. Habitat and Ecology It appears that this species is confined to high elevations covered with primary cloud forests and lowland rainforest beneath the cloud forest. It breeds in permanent streams. Major Threats The main threats are the fragmentation and disturbance of the cloud and rainforest habitat, which results in the disappearance of streams and a decrease in the humidity of the leaf-litter. Conservation Measures The range of the species is not within any protected area, and only the preservation and restoration of cloud forest patches in the Sierra de Juárez and the Sierra Mixe can guarantee the preservation of suitable conditions for the survival of this species. Further survey work is necessary to determine the current population status of this species. Bibliography: Mendelson III, J.R. (1997a) Data Providers: Georgina Santos-Barrera, Luis Canseco-Márquez
Page 1 and 2: Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
Page 45: Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
Page 97 and 98:
Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
Page 99 and 100:
Globally Threatened Amphibian Speci
show all

Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?