Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1
Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1
Globally Threatened Amphibian Species Part 1
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190<br />
<strong>Threatened</strong> <strong>Amphibian</strong>s of the World<br />
EN Bufo perplexus Taylor, 1943<br />
Endangered B1ab(iii)<br />
Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae<br />
Country Distribution: Mexico<br />
Current Population Trend: Decreasing<br />
Geographic Range This species is found in the Tepalcatepec Basin<br />
and surrounding areas in south-western Michoacán, south of the<br />
Balsas River in Guerrero, Mexico. It probably occurs more widely<br />
than currently known.<br />
Population This is a rare species.<br />
Habitat and Ecology It inhabits the Pacific lowlands in areas of<br />
seasonal tropical forest, and lives under rocks and logs close to<br />
streams, breeding in pools.<br />
Major Threats The main threats to this species are infrastructure<br />
development and agricultural expansion, coupled with changes in<br />
the management of agricultural habitat.<br />
Conservation Measures It is not found within any protected<br />
area, and protection of the species’ original forest habitat is<br />
urgently needed.<br />
Bibliography: Blair, W.F. (1972), Duellman, W.E. (1961)<br />
Data Providers: Georgina Santos-Barrera, Luis Canseco-Márquez<br />
VU Bufo perreti Schiøtz, 1963<br />
Vulnerable D2<br />
Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae<br />
Country Distribution: Nigeria<br />
Current Population Trend: Unknown<br />
© Arne Schiøtz<br />
Geographic Range This species has been recorded only from the Idanre Hills, in Ondo Province, south-western<br />
Nigeria. It is very likely to occur in other similar habitats in south-western Nigeria. There have been no recent records<br />
of the species, presumably because of a lack of herpetological work within its range.<br />
Population It is reported to be very common within its small known range, and tadpoles are abundant during the<br />
wet season.<br />
Habitat and Ecology It is closely associated with gneiss domes or inselbergs in the forest zone, though is absent<br />
from similar inselbergs in the savannah belt. It lives terrestrially in patches of shrubby vegetation and forest on the<br />
gneiss domes. The eggs are probably laid on soil, and the tadpoles then disperse by crawling out on the wet, sloping<br />
(often almost vertical) rock.<br />
Major Threats Its rocky habitat is largely inaccessible and useless to humans, so this species is probably not facing<br />
any serious threats at present. However, it is intrinsically at risk because of its restricted range.<br />
Conservation Measures It is not known from any protected areas, and there is a need for improved protection<br />
of sites where this species is known to occur. There is also a need for population monitoring given that it is known<br />
from only a single location.<br />
Bibliography: Schiøtz, A. (1963), Tandy, M. and Keith, R. (1972)<br />
Data Providers: Arne Schiøtz, Mills Tandy<br />
VU Bufo quechua Gallardo, 1961<br />
Vulnerable B1ab(iii)<br />
Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae<br />
Country Distribution: Bolivia<br />
Current Population Trend: Decreasing<br />
© Arturo Muñoz<br />
Geographic Range This species is known from the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes, in Cochabamba and Santa<br />
Cruz Departments. It has also been recorded in Chapare Province, Cochabamba Department and Caballero Province,<br />
Santa Cruz Department in Bolivia (Köhler 2000a; Cortez 2001). It has been recorded from 1,900-2,300m asl.<br />
Population The population status of this species is not known.<br />
Habitat and Ecology A terrestrial species inhabiting wet montane forest including cloud and Yungas forest. The<br />
eggs are laid in lotic waters (Köhler 2000a).<br />
Major Threats Major threats to this species’ habitat include agriculture (mainly from smallholder farmers) and<br />
agricultural pollution. Köhler (2000a) points out that it is very common to find this species infected by parasites, with<br />
visible red pustules that, according to De la Riva (1997), are caused by the larvae of a trombidioid mite. However, it<br />
is not known whether or not the infestations have a negative effect on the species.<br />
Conservation Measures Its range includes Parque Nacional Carrasco and Parque Nacional Amboro.<br />
Notes on taxonomy: Harvey and Smith (1993) pointed out that Bufo echinodes, described by Reynolds and Foster (1992), is a synonym<br />
of B. quechua. This species is possibly a complex of more than one species.<br />
Bibliography: Cortez, C. (2000), De la Riva, I. (1997), De la Riva, I. et al. (2000), Gallardo, J.M. (1961b), Harvey, M. and Smith, E. (1993),<br />
Hoogmoed, M.S. (1990), Köhler, J. (2000a), Mercadal-de Barrio, I.T. and Barrio, A. (1978), Reynolds, R. and Foster, M. (1992)<br />
Data Providers: Claudia Cortez, Steffen Reichle, Ignacio De la Riva, Jörn Köhler<br />
VU Bufo rubropunctatus Guichenot, 1848<br />
Vulnerable A2c<br />
Order, Family: Anura, Bufonidae<br />
Country Distribution: Argentina, Chile<br />
Current Population Trend: Decreasing<br />
© Andrés Morya<br />
Geographic Range This species is endemic to the temperate forests of Chile and Argentina. In Chile, the distribution<br />
extends from Lanalhue Lake (37° 55’S; 73° 19’W), Arauco Province, to Palena 43°S (approximately). In Argentina, the<br />
species is restricted to southern Río Negro Province and northern Chubut Province (including a single record from<br />
Parque Nacional Los Alerces). It has an altitudinal range of 200-800m asl.<br />
Population The northernmost population in Chile is declining, while the Argentinean subpopulations seem to be<br />
stable, with successful reproduction with recruitment recently verified (Vidoz and Ubeda 2000). It is abundant during<br />
the breeding season when courtship aggregations are formed.<br />
Habitat and Ecology It inhabits humid to xeric forests, as well as open environments, some of them with a certain<br />
degree of disturbance (Vidoz and Ubeda 2000). Breeding occurs in shallow temporary ponds adjacent to rivers,<br />
reservoirs and lakes. Adults live in small holes or under bushes during the day.<br />
Major Threats The major threat is degradation and fragmentation of habitat, due to agriculture, afforestation with<br />
exotic species (pine), overgrazing by cattle, and human settlements. Tourism development also appears to be a threat<br />
to the habitat of this species.<br />
Conservation Measures The species is protected by Parque Nacional Lago Puelo and Parque Nacional Los Alerces<br />
(a single record) in Argentina, and Parque Nacional Puyehue and Parque Nacional Vicente Pérez Rosales in Chile.<br />
Bibliography: Cei, J.M. (1962), Cei, J.M. (1980), Formas, J.R. (1979), Formas, J.R. (1995), Formas, J.R. and Pugín, E. (1978), Gallardo,<br />
J.M. (1962a), Gallardo, J.M. (1965), Glade, A. (1993), Lavilla, E.O. et al. (2000), Servicio Agrícola Ganadero (1998), Veloso, A. and Navarro,<br />
J. (1988), Vidoz, F. and Ubeda, C.A. (2000)<br />
Data Providers: Carmen Úbeda, Alberto Veloso, Herman Núñez, Néstor Basso