Corruption in the Government Hospitals - International Journal of ...
Corruption in the Government Hospitals - International Journal of ...
Corruption in the Government Hospitals - International Journal of ...
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<strong>International</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Pathology; 2010; 8(2): 73-81<br />
Review Article<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong><br />
Anwar Ul Haque<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> is very common particularly <strong>in</strong> third world countries. <strong>Corruption</strong> starts from <strong>the</strong><br />
top places. Corrupt elements <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong>s <strong>of</strong> powerful countries, World Health Organization (WHO), Local<br />
<strong>Government</strong>s, M<strong>in</strong>istry <strong>of</strong> Health, Mult<strong>in</strong>ational Companies, Non <strong>Government</strong>al Organizations, Secret<br />
Organizations and powerful Media; all play <strong>the</strong>ir role <strong>in</strong> misdirect<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> health budget <strong>of</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong><br />
toward rich and powerful and away from <strong>the</strong> poor and weak. They snatch away <strong>the</strong> big chunk <strong>of</strong> whatever little<br />
health budget is dest<strong>in</strong>ed for <strong>the</strong> poor patients. Corrupt society leads to <strong>the</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tments and assignments <strong>of</strong><br />
corrupt, <strong>in</strong>competent and impotent people who destroy <strong>the</strong> systems through <strong>the</strong>ir actions and <strong>in</strong>actions. <strong>Corruption</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> ravages and desolates <strong>the</strong> Pathology Department affect<strong>in</strong>g its all activities! In order to<br />
have sound and blissful healthy systems <strong>the</strong>re is dire need to fight materialism and greed by all sane and honest<br />
people <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> society through <strong>in</strong>stillation <strong>of</strong> high moral and ethical values at all levels and <strong>in</strong> all spheres <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
society. This will Insha Allah improve <strong>the</strong> conditions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> which are supposed to serve<br />
poor and middle class patients.<br />
Key words: <strong>Corruption</strong>, <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>, World Health Organization, Media, Mult<strong>in</strong>ational Companies<br />
Introduction<br />
The corruption <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> is<br />
ubiquitous. Lack <strong>of</strong> strict accountability, lazy<br />
atmosphere and active kill<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> merit <strong>in</strong> appo<strong>in</strong>tments,<br />
promotions and purchases etc at <strong>Government</strong><br />
Institutions provide a fertile land and soil for corruption<br />
thus severely compromis<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> efficiency and good<br />
organiz<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>. Of course <strong>the</strong><br />
magnitude and severity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> corruption varies at<br />
different <strong>in</strong>stitutions and <strong>in</strong> different sections <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
same hospital. While <strong>the</strong>re are corrupt elements <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> <strong>the</strong>re are also honest and hard<br />
work<strong>in</strong>g doctors, adm<strong>in</strong>istrators and paramedical staff;<br />
albeit <strong>in</strong> small numbers. Because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se latter<br />
variable degrees <strong>of</strong> quality care is provided to <strong>the</strong><br />
patients. Unfortunately corrupt elements also consume<br />
<strong>the</strong> energy, resources and time <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> non corrupt<br />
elements. They <strong>the</strong>refore fail to deliver <strong>the</strong>ir maximal<br />
potential. On <strong>the</strong> top Very Important Person (VIP)<br />
Culture promotes transfer <strong>of</strong> meager resources at<br />
<strong>Government</strong> Hospital towards high <strong>Government</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong>ficers, bureaucrats and politicians. Poor patients are<br />
aga<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> ma<strong>in</strong> victims <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> this corruption at <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>.<br />
The author has worked <strong>in</strong> a tertiary care hospital for<br />
Correspondence Address<br />
Pr<strong>of</strong>. Anwar Ul Haque: Department <strong>of</strong> Pathology,<br />
Pakistan <strong>in</strong>stitute <strong>of</strong> Medical Sciences, Islamabad<br />
Article Received : November 20, 2010<br />
Acceptance Date: January 31, 2011<br />
about 15 years and is close to retirement. He had been<br />
educated at government <strong>in</strong>stitutions at undergraduate<br />
and graduate level. He has observed and actively<br />
fought various forms and <strong>in</strong>tensity <strong>of</strong> corruption at <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>. He has also carried out many<br />
<strong>in</strong>quiries. Based on his personal observations and<br />
<strong>in</strong>teractions follow<strong>in</strong>g is written with <strong>in</strong>tention to reform<br />
<strong>the</strong> society and situation <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> hospitals so that <strong>the</strong><br />
optimal and best possible management and treatment<br />
could be <strong>of</strong>fered to <strong>the</strong> patients.<br />
Observations<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> (Fassad <strong>in</strong> Arabic) is disruption <strong>of</strong> normal<br />
and healthy systems through willful abuse <strong>of</strong> human<br />
<strong>in</strong>tellect. It is a pure “human phenomenon” and not<br />
seen elsewhere <strong>in</strong> entire universe. Abuse <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>tellect<br />
degrades human be<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> lowest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> low status<br />
where no creature can reach. 1 In order to rema<strong>in</strong><br />
normal and to grow healthy one has to constantly<br />
purify himself. Inaction leads to dust, rust, ru<strong>in</strong> and<br />
decay. 2 Disruption <strong>of</strong> systems translates <strong>in</strong>to<br />
<strong>in</strong>efficiency, <strong>in</strong>competency, and loss <strong>of</strong> resources and<br />
peace. This <strong>in</strong> hospital means shoddy patient care,<br />
sloppy teach<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>ferior tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g and trashy research.<br />
Needless to say that it causes frustrations among<br />
honest and competent people as <strong>the</strong>y spend lot <strong>of</strong> time<br />
fight<strong>in</strong>g corruption.<br />
Why a Pathology <strong>Journal</strong> talks about corruption <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> The answer is simple and<br />
straight forward; <strong>the</strong> corruption <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong><br />
<strong>Hospitals</strong> devastat<strong>in</strong>gly affects <strong>the</strong> pathology <strong>in</strong> all its<br />
dimensions and aspects. 3 To stop human be<strong>in</strong>gs from<br />
73
<strong>International</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Pathology; 2010; 8(2): 73-81<br />
Colour Page<br />
Figure III: Metronidazole tablets with faded<br />
colors<br />
Figure I: Markedly distorted discoloured Brufan<br />
tablets<br />
benefitt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>mselves and o<strong>the</strong>rs from proper use <strong>of</strong><br />
human <strong>in</strong>tellect is a satanic phenomenon. It reflects<br />
open animosity toward humanity.<br />
Figure IV: Injection Adrenal<strong>in</strong> show<strong>in</strong>g shades <strong>of</strong><br />
colours<br />
<strong>in</strong>tellect <strong>of</strong> human be<strong>in</strong>gs; <strong>the</strong>y ra<strong>the</strong>r use <strong>the</strong>se to<br />
create all sorts <strong>of</strong> corruption, violence, terror and<br />
destruction. Man before descend<strong>in</strong>g to earth had been<br />
shown a practical preview <strong>in</strong> paradise what he would<br />
face on earth! He lost <strong>the</strong> paradise by succumb<strong>in</strong>g to<br />
satanic temptations and deception <strong>the</strong>n and on earth<br />
Figure II: Fancy Design <strong>of</strong> B complex tablets<br />
Weaken<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> ethical values has led to corruption all<br />
over <strong>the</strong> world. This has badly affected <strong>the</strong> health<br />
sector too <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>. Satanic<br />
forces do not surrender to <strong>the</strong> knowledge and high<br />
74
<strong>International</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Pathology; 2010; 8(2): 73-81<br />
he has lost many paradises too for <strong>the</strong> same reason! 5<br />
To beg<strong>in</strong> with, <strong>the</strong> health budget <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> “3rd r ” world<br />
countries is very small. Even most part <strong>of</strong> this lean<br />
budget is stolen away! For example useless and<br />
unwarranted vacc<strong>in</strong>es like Sw<strong>in</strong>e Flu vacc<strong>in</strong>es are sold<br />
to suck <strong>the</strong> budget <strong>in</strong>tended for <strong>the</strong> poor patients 6‐30 .<br />
The corrupt elements use <strong>the</strong> power and stature <strong>of</strong><br />
World Health Organization (WHO) and armaments <strong>of</strong><br />
sophisticated media to create panic to fool<br />
<strong>Government</strong>s and public <strong>in</strong>to buy<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>se vacc<strong>in</strong>es on<br />
<strong>the</strong> expense <strong>of</strong> treatments for far more common<br />
diseases such as malaria, anemia, tuberculosis and<br />
malnourishment etc. Some manufacturer <strong>of</strong> Sw<strong>in</strong>e Flu<br />
vacc<strong>in</strong>es had become <strong>the</strong> WHO “experts” and<br />
promoted <strong>the</strong> sale <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> vacc<strong>in</strong>es from <strong>the</strong> platform <strong>of</strong><br />
WHO. In order to sale <strong>the</strong>se unwarranted vacc<strong>in</strong>es on<br />
mass level and thus earn<strong>in</strong>g billions o Euros <strong>the</strong>y even<br />
changed <strong>the</strong> basic def<strong>in</strong>ition <strong>of</strong> pandemic. 27-31 The local<br />
<strong>in</strong>digenous <strong>in</strong>dustries and pharmacology companies<br />
are targeted to <strong>the</strong> extent that a pharmacy produc<strong>in</strong>g<br />
cheaper drugs <strong>in</strong> Sudan was blatantly attacked by<br />
cruise missiles by a salesman <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> powerful<br />
<strong>in</strong>dustries. 32<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> is omnipresent <strong>in</strong> health sectors. In<br />
Pakistan corruption lurks <strong>in</strong> all fields <strong>of</strong> <strong>Government</strong><br />
and <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>. 33 Many hospital<br />
adm<strong>in</strong>istrators are extremely corrupt and cooperate<br />
gladly with o<strong>the</strong>r higher, lower and at <strong>the</strong> same level<br />
corrupt elements. They for example facilitate dump<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> substandard medic<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong><br />
<strong>Hospitals</strong> (Figures 1-4). The medic<strong>in</strong>es which should<br />
have been failed on any quality control checks and<br />
should have been discarded are allowed to be sold <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong>. With active conniv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
corrupt pharmacology companies and <strong>the</strong> corrupt<br />
elements <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> hospitals adm<strong>in</strong>istration substandard<br />
medic<strong>in</strong>es, equipments, reagents and o<strong>the</strong>r stuff are<br />
supplied. Corrupt elements <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> departments support<br />
each o<strong>the</strong>r and receive huge kick backs and<br />
commissions. The “smart “adm<strong>in</strong>istrators constitute<br />
committees comprised <strong>of</strong> majority <strong>of</strong> corrupt elements<br />
to “justify” <strong>the</strong> purchases <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> supplies from corrupt<br />
companies.<br />
Unnecessary and expensive procedures are carried<br />
out fool<strong>in</strong>g patients. Fancy terms are used to grab<br />
large fees plus commissions. This type <strong>of</strong> verbal and<br />
wordy gimmickry is common <strong>in</strong> plastic surgery to get<br />
most out <strong>of</strong> Blue Cross and Blue Shield for <strong>the</strong><br />
cosmetic procedures. There is marked <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong><br />
unnecessary cesarean sections at some <strong>in</strong>stitution <strong>in</strong><br />
o<strong>the</strong>rwise fit and healthy women. 34<br />
Corrupt surgeons and o<strong>the</strong>r physicians perform<br />
operations <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> private hospitals <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong><br />
hospitals tim<strong>in</strong>gs! Private hospital bills are sometimes<br />
accommodated from <strong>the</strong> budget <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong><br />
<strong>Hospitals</strong> by creat<strong>in</strong>g ghost patients; <strong>of</strong> course with<br />
active collaboration <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> account department.<br />
Some doctors come very late and leave early. Some<br />
are most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> time out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> country do<strong>in</strong>g locum <strong>in</strong><br />
European countries leav<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>ir departments uncared.<br />
Some physicians are busy most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> time <strong>in</strong> WHO<br />
and related money mak<strong>in</strong>g trips and so called courses<br />
severely affect<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> supervision and performance <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> departments. Unauthorized and even un<strong>in</strong>formed<br />
leaves are obta<strong>in</strong>ed.<br />
Unnecessary tests and o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong>vestigations are<br />
ordered ei<strong>the</strong>r due to poor understand<strong>in</strong>g or for earn<strong>in</strong>g<br />
kickbacks and commissions from <strong>the</strong> laboratories.<br />
There is serious conflict <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>terest for those work<strong>in</strong>g at<br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> and simultaneously do<strong>in</strong>g<br />
private practices. Many work<strong>in</strong>g at <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong><br />
<strong>Hospitals</strong> have no respect for <strong>the</strong>ir time which <strong>the</strong>y<br />
mostly spend <strong>in</strong> chatt<strong>in</strong>g and socializ<strong>in</strong>g. Some even<br />
do shopp<strong>in</strong>g, bank<strong>in</strong>g and attend funerals all <strong>the</strong> time<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>of</strong>fice time.<br />
Ano<strong>the</strong>r grave source <strong>of</strong> huge corruption is transport<br />
where adm<strong>in</strong>istrators use unauthorized hospital cars<br />
for <strong>the</strong>ir personal and <strong>the</strong>ir spouse’s uses. In <strong>the</strong> name<br />
<strong>of</strong> spare parts and service a large amount <strong>of</strong> money is<br />
embezzled.<br />
Outright <strong>the</strong>fts <strong>of</strong> medic<strong>in</strong>es, equipments, supplies,<br />
reagents and o<strong>the</strong>r items <strong>of</strong> common use are quite<br />
common <strong>in</strong> <strong>Government</strong> Hospital! Quality and quantity<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se goods are compromised badly affect<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
overall quality management. Medic<strong>in</strong>es, blood bags<br />
and o<strong>the</strong>r stuff are stolen through various mechanisms<br />
e.g. supply<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> goods on paper only, recalculat<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>the</strong> same supplies and forc<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> substandard<br />
equipments and reagents. Dramas <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ft are created<br />
to hide <strong>the</strong> paper frauds. The medic<strong>in</strong>es stolen from<br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> hospitals are sold to <strong>the</strong> private<br />
chemists. Some <strong>Government</strong> <strong>of</strong>ficers <strong>in</strong>stead <strong>of</strong> buy<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>the</strong> medic<strong>in</strong>es trade <strong>the</strong> prescription slips for buy<strong>in</strong>g<br />
fashion and cosmetic goods etc and bill <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Government</strong> for <strong>the</strong>se items as medic<strong>in</strong>es! A great part<br />
<strong>of</strong> energy, time and resources <strong>of</strong> honest and<br />
competent honest elements is wasted <strong>in</strong> fight<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
corruption.<br />
At times honest and pa<strong>in</strong>stak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>quires are carried<br />
out but <strong>the</strong>ir recommendations are hardly<br />
implemented. Sometimes <strong>in</strong>quiries were ordered to be<br />
stopped <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> middle when f<strong>in</strong>gers were po<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong><br />
powerful culprits who had connections with some<br />
powerful secret organizations. The corrupt protects <strong>the</strong><br />
corrupt! Even black and white recommendations about<br />
a culprit person that he must never be put on any post<br />
where embezzlement could be easily carried out; are<br />
not implemented! Same person is found at <strong>the</strong> same<br />
position do<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> same th<strong>in</strong>g for years! Blame also<br />
goes to those coward <strong>of</strong>ficers who are made members<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>quiry committees and <strong>the</strong>y give protection to <strong>the</strong><br />
75
<strong>International</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Pathology; 2010; 8(2): 73-81<br />
known corrupt ignor<strong>in</strong>g all evidences. So called Annual<br />
Confidential Report (ACR) is a joke. How corrupt<br />
heads will report <strong>the</strong> corruption and <strong>in</strong>competency <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong>ir juniors Some even blatantly refuse to even write<br />
ACRs on corrupt people or if <strong>the</strong>y write <strong>the</strong>y do not<br />
mention <strong>the</strong> corruption <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> colleagues and<br />
subord<strong>in</strong>ates thus enormously streng<strong>the</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
vicious circle <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> corruption. This cowardice is <strong>of</strong><br />
course due to <strong>the</strong>ir weak faith and determ<strong>in</strong>ation.<br />
The confidentiality <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> report is <strong>of</strong>ten broken <strong>the</strong><br />
moment report leaves <strong>the</strong> room <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> writer. No matter<br />
how genu<strong>in</strong>e are <strong>the</strong> remarks <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
Department, <strong>the</strong> comments are sponged through<br />
connections.<br />
The patients have to pay <strong>the</strong> price for every act <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>competency, nepotism, corruption and lack <strong>of</strong> justice.<br />
To rub <strong>the</strong> cyanide <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> wounds, <strong>the</strong> <strong>International</strong><br />
advisors and organizers are <strong>in</strong>vited to give big lectures<br />
and provide tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g which <strong>of</strong>ten go nowhere and serve<br />
no purpose! Of course <strong>the</strong>se “great” experts collect big<br />
bucks from <strong>the</strong> health budget. A few bones are thrown<br />
at <strong>the</strong> local people who cooperate and facilitate this<br />
agenda.<br />
In <strong>the</strong> milieu <strong>of</strong> corruption almost everyone changes his<br />
color like chameleon. From top to bottom most get<br />
corrupted. Some steal time, some p<strong>in</strong>ch energy, some<br />
nip resources, some take away material and some<br />
hard work <strong>of</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs! Some use <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong><br />
to sh<strong>in</strong>e <strong>the</strong>ir private practice. Some use hospital<br />
laboratories for <strong>the</strong>ir private patients. Some push <strong>the</strong><br />
patients to <strong>the</strong>ir private cl<strong>in</strong>ics and laboratories for kick<br />
backs and commissions. Some write expensive<br />
medic<strong>in</strong>es to get foreign trips etc. Greed kills <strong>the</strong><br />
genu<strong>in</strong>e research, quality education, strict supervision<br />
and optimal patient care. 35-97<br />
In some affluent Middle East countries <strong>the</strong> suppliers <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> doctors and paramedical staff provide grossly<br />
<strong>in</strong>competent and <strong>in</strong>adequate number <strong>of</strong> staff pocket<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>the</strong> huge share <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> budget. These companies hire<br />
some effective and <strong>in</strong>fluential person as a sleep<strong>in</strong>g<br />
partner who protects <strong>the</strong>m from legal actions and<br />
fetches for <strong>the</strong>m <strong>the</strong> huge contracts.<br />
Organ transplantation is ano<strong>the</strong>r area <strong>of</strong> wide<br />
corruption where middlemen take advantage <strong>of</strong> poverty<br />
<strong>of</strong> very poor people. Most money does not go to <strong>the</strong><br />
poor donors but to <strong>the</strong> middlemen. The phenomenon is<br />
quite rampant <strong>in</strong> many countries <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g Pakistan<br />
and India. 98-104<br />
The corruption is thus a big monster responsible for<br />
miseries <strong>in</strong> every sphere <strong>of</strong> patient management,<br />
tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> new doctors, nurses, paramedics and<br />
research. It kills <strong>the</strong> true orig<strong>in</strong>al research and<br />
promotes fake rubbish research such as simple<br />
statistics which even a 3 rd grade student can do “on a<br />
computer. As a result trash “research papers” are<br />
created and fill <strong>the</strong> tummies <strong>of</strong> garbage journals which<br />
f<strong>in</strong>d no place but <strong>the</strong> garbage cans! Unfortunately this<br />
junk “research” can serve as a ladder for promotion to<br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>competent and dishonest persons to <strong>the</strong> higher<br />
faculty positions. The occupation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se positions by<br />
<strong>in</strong>competent, dishonest and corrupt elements fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
promotes corruption, destruction and devastation.<br />
Needless to say that <strong>the</strong>se elements are supported<br />
and protected by corrupt high <strong>of</strong>ficials and sometimes<br />
by several “secret” and hidden satanic corrupt<br />
organizations with fancy names and claims! There are<br />
some teachers who will not take a s<strong>in</strong>gle lecture for<br />
years and yet noth<strong>in</strong>g could be done aga<strong>in</strong>st thanks to<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir powerful connections and equally weak and<br />
coward adm<strong>in</strong>istrators!<br />
No doubt <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> are still provid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
valuable services to <strong>the</strong> poor and middle class<br />
patients. Strangely enough luxurious treatment is<br />
provided to <strong>the</strong> “VIPs” bureaucrats, politicians and<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r pompous <strong>in</strong>fluential people <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> society aga<strong>in</strong> at<br />
<strong>the</strong> expense <strong>of</strong> poor patients. There is dire shortage <strong>of</strong><br />
staff and relatively heavy workload on <strong>the</strong> honest and<br />
hard work<strong>in</strong>g doctors and paramedical staff thus<br />
depriv<strong>in</strong>g patients due attention and care.<br />
Discussion<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> is ubiquitous <strong>in</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> all<br />
over <strong>the</strong> world. It is more common <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> so called 3 rd<br />
world countries where systems are very weak. The<br />
<strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> are directly affected by <strong>the</strong><br />
prevail<strong>in</strong>g situation <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> society. Many countries<br />
despite claim<strong>in</strong>g to be free are not free and are under<br />
control <strong>of</strong> special <strong>in</strong>terest groups and neocolonial<br />
rulers. The policies and budget <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se countries are<br />
<strong>the</strong>refore directed <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> best <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> rulers and<br />
certa<strong>in</strong>ly not <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> best <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> poor people who<br />
turn to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> hospitals for <strong>the</strong>ir treatment.<br />
The <strong>in</strong>stitutions are built by human be<strong>in</strong>gs and not by<br />
cement and bricks. The loot and plunder requires a<br />
culture <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>competency and corruption at all levels<br />
particularly at top levels. The moral and ethical forces<br />
would def<strong>in</strong>itely resist <strong>the</strong> abuse <strong>of</strong> power and authority<br />
and hence <strong>the</strong> sophisticated thieves and robbers<br />
encourage nepotism, <strong>in</strong>competency and moral decay<br />
at all levels and <strong>in</strong> all spheres <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> society. What a<br />
sharp contrast between true Muslim led golden age<br />
and <strong>the</strong> new dark ages now!<br />
What is <strong>the</strong> solution The answer is simple i.e. <strong>the</strong><br />
ethical and moral fabric <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> society must be<br />
streng<strong>the</strong>ned. The moral immunity status <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> society<br />
and <strong>in</strong>dividuals needs to be fortified and enhanced at<br />
every step from very early age at home. In <strong>the</strong> primary<br />
and high schools honesty, truth, trust, courage and<br />
selflessness should be <strong>in</strong>culcated. All stakeholders i.e.<br />
parents, teachers, health workers etc. must play <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
76
<strong>International</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Pathology; 2010; 8(2): 73-81<br />
active role to fight <strong>the</strong> menace <strong>of</strong> corruption and to<br />
stand <strong>in</strong> front <strong>of</strong> corrupt elements.<br />
We have to actively fight all those forces and media<br />
who are <strong>in</strong>ject<strong>in</strong>g vulgarity and corruption <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> m<strong>in</strong>d <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> youth and old through cartoons, vulgar movies and<br />
create frustration <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> m<strong>in</strong>ds. Div<strong>in</strong>e religious guide<br />
particularly unadulterated Islam <strong>in</strong> its f<strong>in</strong>al and totally<br />
protected form is a very effective weapon <strong>in</strong> fight<strong>in</strong>g<br />
corruption. It is <strong>the</strong>refore no surprise to see <strong>the</strong> corrupt<br />
elements <strong>in</strong> media and elsewhere target<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
defam<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>se moral and ethics build<strong>in</strong>g forces.<br />
We can’t and must not please all people particularly<br />
<strong>the</strong> corrupt, <strong>in</strong>competent and dishonest people no<br />
matter if <strong>the</strong>y are our colleagues. We don’t want <strong>the</strong><br />
unity <strong>of</strong> thieves, crim<strong>in</strong>als and robbers. Quran lays<br />
down four criteria <strong>of</strong> success: A) True faith, B)<br />
Righteous deeds, C) Active spread <strong>of</strong> truth and D)<br />
Help<strong>in</strong>g each o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong> patience and perseverance<br />
(105). We must have all <strong>the</strong>se virtues to be successful.<br />
Without actively engag<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> clean<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> society and<br />
support<strong>in</strong>g and encourag<strong>in</strong>g each o<strong>the</strong>r on <strong>the</strong> difficult<br />
path <strong>of</strong> spread<strong>in</strong>g truth, our faith and our personal good<br />
works will not make us a successful person. How tragic<br />
is to leave <strong>the</strong> world as a failed person!<br />
The most <strong>in</strong>fluential person <strong>of</strong> all times i.e. Mohammad<br />
(PBUH) has his house only about 100 sq. feet. Despite<br />
be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> ruler <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Arabia with supreme respect <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> hearts <strong>of</strong> his followers he had no possessions. He<br />
did have 16 swords reflect<strong>in</strong>g his uncompromis<strong>in</strong>g<br />
struggle aga<strong>in</strong>st corruption, tyranny and false gods.<br />
Great patron <strong>of</strong> education and sciences like Ma’moon<br />
Rashid, Mehmood Ghaznawi and Salahudd<strong>in</strong> Ayyubi<br />
had no greed. They spent freely and pr<strong>of</strong>usely on<br />
establish<strong>in</strong>g educational and research <strong>in</strong>stitutes. Their<br />
<strong>in</strong>ner strength created a just, peaceful and encourag<strong>in</strong>g<br />
atmosphere for genu<strong>in</strong>e research beneficial to all<br />
human be<strong>in</strong>gs and entire mank<strong>in</strong>d.<br />
There had been many reform<strong>in</strong>g movements <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
history <strong>of</strong> mank<strong>in</strong>d. Most important <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se had been<br />
<strong>the</strong> true messengers <strong>of</strong> All Mighty Allah who through<br />
div<strong>in</strong>e books worked hard to <strong>in</strong>culcate <strong>the</strong> high moral<br />
and ethical values and remove immorality and<br />
corruption from <strong>the</strong> society. The prom<strong>in</strong>ent<br />
messengers <strong>of</strong> Allah <strong>in</strong>cluded Adam, Noah, Ibrahim<br />
(Abraham), Ismaeel (Ishmael), Ishaque (Isaac),<br />
Ya’qoob (Jacob), Yousuf, (Joseph), Moosa (Moses),<br />
Dawood (David), Sulaiman (Solmon), Issa (Jesus) and<br />
last and <strong>the</strong> f<strong>in</strong>al Mohammad (peace be upon all <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong>m). They met variable worldly successes. Nations<br />
who did not adopt morality and ethics doomed e.g.<br />
nation <strong>of</strong> Noah and Loat etc. Prophet Mohammad<br />
(PBUH) got <strong>the</strong> highest success and regarded as <strong>the</strong><br />
most <strong>in</strong>fluential person <strong>of</strong> all time. By streng<strong>the</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>the</strong> ethical and moral values <strong>the</strong> Last Prophet (PBUH)<br />
<strong>in</strong> his short prophetic life <strong>of</strong> only 23 years changed <strong>the</strong><br />
world all toge<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> most positive way. With div<strong>in</strong>e<br />
book i.e. Quran <strong>in</strong> his hand and by becom<strong>in</strong>g a walk<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Quran through his actions, he lifted Muslims to <strong>the</strong><br />
highest moral, ethical and just level; a paradise on<br />
earth as bible predicted was established with almost<br />
zero corruption and zero crime . 4<br />
Quran provided <strong>the</strong> stimulus to observe, work hard,<br />
discover, honesty, peace and selflessness which was<br />
a prerequisite to carry out <strong>the</strong> marvelous, splendid,<br />
stunn<strong>in</strong>g, astonish<strong>in</strong>g and creative orig<strong>in</strong>al work <strong>in</strong> all<br />
fields <strong>of</strong> life and science. This was with Quranic<br />
morality, courage, vision and wisdom which led <strong>the</strong>m to<br />
lay down <strong>the</strong> foundations <strong>of</strong> all modern sciences. They<br />
pulled Europe out <strong>of</strong> darkness and led <strong>the</strong>m to<br />
renaissance and <strong>in</strong>dustrial revolution.<br />
We have to follow <strong>the</strong> same path regardless <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
outcome. One wonders if <strong>the</strong> staff was appo<strong>in</strong>ted on<br />
pure merit, strict accountability is carried out; honest<br />
and hard workers are rewarded while wicked and<br />
dishonest are punished and <strong>the</strong> stolen health budget<br />
by ultra smart thieves is used for <strong>the</strong> benefit <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
suffer<strong>in</strong>g patients how great would be <strong>the</strong> impact!<br />
Certa<strong>in</strong>ly many <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> would do<br />
wonders if corruption is rooted out.<br />
Conclusion<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> badly erodes <strong>the</strong><br />
healthcare <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> poor and middle class patients who<br />
can’t afford luxurious treatment at private hospitals.<br />
Lack <strong>of</strong> morality and ethics <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> society helps this<br />
degradation and benefits those who eat away lion’s<br />
share <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> health budget dest<strong>in</strong>ed for poor patients.<br />
In order to provide high quality medical care we have<br />
to fight corruption <strong>in</strong> all its shades at all levels and <strong>in</strong> all<br />
spheres. For br<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g healthy change <strong>the</strong> doctors and<br />
o<strong>the</strong>r educated people <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> society have to play <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
active role. Freedom <strong>of</strong> expression, honest and fair<br />
evaluation and strict cont<strong>in</strong>u<strong>in</strong>g accountability must be<br />
put <strong>in</strong> place. We must actively engage <strong>in</strong> life long<br />
active war on corruption, which is <strong>the</strong> worst form <strong>of</strong><br />
terrorism as it steals away health, peace, tranquility<br />
and overall well be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> patients and <strong>the</strong> people.<br />
Eradication <strong>of</strong> corruption can sharply improve <strong>the</strong><br />
performance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> which will<br />
not only be good for <strong>the</strong> common patients but also for<br />
<strong>the</strong> VIPs who may end up at <strong>the</strong> <strong>Government</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong><br />
at any stage <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir lives!<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
*We thank Miss Sehris Sarfraz and Sumbal Wahid (M.Phil<br />
bio Chemistry Dept, Quaid‐e‐Azam University, Islamabad)<br />
for <strong>the</strong>ir help <strong>in</strong> computer search. We deeply thank Miss<br />
Gul‐e‐Nargis for provid<strong>in</strong>g us pictures <strong>of</strong> substandard<br />
drugs.<br />
77
<strong>International</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Pathology; 2010; 8(2): 73-81<br />
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