Environmental Impact Statement - radioactive monticello

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Appendix A don't know what you're looking at because it's dominated with TLD's, thermoluminescent dosimeters, which are gamma ray detectors. Well, that's fine. We have a monitoring system that essentially will tell us when we have an accident. We shouldn't need a monitoring system to tell us that. We should know that from other sources. And what we should know is where are the reported releases going Because unless we know where they go, we don't know where the receptors are. And unless we know where the receptors are, we don't know what the biological consequences of that reception are. And so the scope of this EIS needs to include a requirement -- you need to have data included in this EIS if what you're talking about is whether the consequences -- I saw it on the slide. What are the consequences of continued operation You need to know before you can say with any veracity what the consequences of continued operations are. You need to know where do reported releases go If you don't know that and if the EIS can't say that, you have no business making any conclusions on whether the consequences, the environmental consequences of your continued operations. (MS-D-7) Comment: Extending operations at Monticello for 20 more years will also mean more cancer-causing radiation emissions will be pumped into the atmosphere. (MS-S-1 0) Comment: As with problems surrounding public involvement, problems surrounding environmental concerns reveal broad segments of the population have been ignored by the NRC. The NRC relies on studies that assume a healthy adult male who weighs approximately 150 pounds is the recipient of radiation emissions. (MS-S-12) Comment: The NRC does not consider how radiation effects women, children, developing fetuses, the elderly, people with immune deficiency problems, people who are obese, and people who are underweight. The studies of radiation used by the NRC reveals a clear discrimination against well over 50% of the population; it is sexist, ageist, and elitist. On this latter point subjects are assumed to be healthy, i.e., individuals who have the resources to care for their bodies and their diets. (MS-S-14) Comment: The NRC does not consider long-term radiation exposure. It does not weigh basic facts about human physiology. For example girls are born with all of their eggs intact. What is the effect of long-term exposure to human eggs Will there be decline in human health and abilities over the next two to ten generations (MS-S-15) Comment: Generating electricity from nuclear material requires tremendous amounts of energy to process the uranium. Much of this electricity comes from coal plants which produce high levels of global warming carbon dioxide and high levels of mercury emissions which ultimately end up in human bodies; the EPA now estimates that one in six pregnant women have levels of mercury in their bodies high enough to jeopardize the development of the fetal nervous system. (MS-S-17) NUREG-1437, Supplement 26 A-1 8 August 2006
Appendix A Comment: The EIS needs to acknowledge that there is no safe threshold for radiation exposure. The widely acknowledged absence of a "safe" threshold for radiation exposure should provide a strong reason for NRC not to renew Xcel Energy's reactor license. Its routine operations cause radioactive pollution. "The fact that humans cannot escape exposure to ionizing radiation from various natural sources, is no reason to let human activities increase the exposure." (MS-Y-5) Comment: The EIS needs to accurately reflect actual radiation exposure. The EIS needs to consider the so-called "routine radioactive releases" for Monticello specifically. During Monticello's operation radioactivity is both continuously emitted and periodically batch-released to air and water. It is unclear in what quantities, and how often. These data should be presented in concise table format for the past two decades of operation. Dilution with large volumes of station circulating water into reservoirs, rivers and lakes makes the releases "disappear." This is not "natural background" radiation. (MS-Y-6) Comment: The EIS needs to consider that NRC does not tightly regulate radioactive releases. NRC only asks Xcel Energy to "make every reasonable effort to maintain radiation exposures, and releases of radioactive materials in effluents to unrestricted areas, as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA, 10 CFR 20). This is unacceptably vague and not considered a standard procedure for health risk limit settings in regulatory toxicology. (MS-Y-7) Comment: The EIS needs to consider, and if none isavailable or found, fund the collection of up-to-date, in vivo radiation exposure data. NRC's generic EIS at 4.6.2 "Public Radiation Doses" presents unacceptably outdated, crudely modeled and ultimately uninformative data of "maximally exposed individuals" from 1985-87. NRC's so-called "latest" report, Population Dose Commitments Due to Radioactive Releases from Nuclear Power Plant Sites (1989), is 16 years old. None of the data are actual in-vivo measurements. (MS-Y-8) Comment: The EIS must not exclusively rely on projections of radiation exposures. NRC needs to review the population density around the plant. NRC need to review and reference recent health studies that would confirm any low cancer incidence it assumes in the generic EIS. (MS-Y-9) Comment: The EIS for Monticello needs to use a dose commitment that integrates radiation dose over time. NRC calculates radiation exposure only for the year of radiation release. In contrast, most European nations use a dose commitment that integrates dose over time, rather than only a one-time release. This non-dynamic modeling is akin to determining the cost of a loan merely on the basis of the principal. (MS-Y-1 0) Comment: The EIS needs to consider the effects and costs of long-term exposures by several radionuclides including tritium. While most radionuclides emitted from Monticellos' nuclear power reactor are relatively short-lived, there are some with long half-lives (like C14), and some with infinitely long half lives (Ur238, 4.5 billion years) that can deliver harmful exposures for August 2006 .A-1 9 NUREG-1 437, Supplement 26 I
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NUREG-1437 Supplement 26 Generic En
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Generic Environmental Impact Statem
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Abstract The U.S. Nuclear Regulator
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Contents Abstract........... ......
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Contents 4.8.7 Conclusions Regardin
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Figures Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Fig
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Contents Table 5-1. Category 1 Issu
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Executive Summary The Commission ha
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Executive Summary NMC and the staff
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0 degree pCi microcurie(s) pCi/mL m
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Abbreviations/Acronyms IPE IPEEE J
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Abbreviations/Acronyms rem REMP RHR
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Introduction and (4) present the st
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Introduction (1) The environmental
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Introduction I assessment of the re
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Introduction This definition of pur
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2.0 Description of Nuclear Power Pl
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Description of Site and Environment
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Descfiption of Site and Environment
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Table 2-10. Land Use in Sherburne C
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Environmental Impacts of Refurbishm
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Environmental Impacts of Refurbishm
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Environmental Impacts of Operation
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Environmental Impacts of Postulated
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Environmental Impacts of the Uraniu
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Environmental Impacts of Decommissi
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Environmental Impacts of Decommissi
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Environmental Impacts of Alternativ
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Page 233 and 234: Summary and Conclusions The GElS co
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Page 239: Summary and Conclusions U.S. Nuclea
Page 243 and 244: Appendix A: Comments Received on th
Page 245 and 246: Appendix A Commenter ID Commenter A
Page 247 and 248: Appendix A A.1 Comments and Respons
Page 249 and 250: Monticello Nuclear Generating Plant
Page 251 and 252: 3. General Comments Regarding Licen
Page 253 and 254: Appendix A nuclear power (I) and Mo
Page 255 and 256: Appendix A scoping process. If an i
Page 257 and 258: Appendix A Comment: The NRC does no
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Page 263 and 264: Appendix A cognitive impairment. We
Page 265 and 266: Appendix A Despite available eviden
Page 267 and 268: Appendix A Comment: The Hospital Di
Page 269 and 270: Appendix A Comment: The NRC also fa
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Page 273 and 274: the coal chain What about all the s
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Page 279 and 280: Appendix A Part II Comments Receive
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Page 295 and 296: information in the Final SEIS as pa
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Page 301 and 302: aging management aspects of the lic
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Page 305 and 306: Appendix A PURVES TODD: Thank you v
Page 307 and 308: Appendix A So you don't look for wh
Page 309 and 310: Appendix A Yes CHUCK HOSTOVSKY: I t
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Appendix A information a little bit
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Appendix A Return-path: Received:
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Appendix A tAY-W8-2006 11! 07 'ENCL
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Appendix A ta W.Y United States Dep
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Appendix A MAY-17-206 13:11 P.04 U.
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Appendix A IMAY-17-20O6 13:12 P.06
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Appendix B Contributors to the Supp
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Appendix B Name Karen McWilliams Na
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Appendix C: Chronology of NRC Staff
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Appendix C May 27, 2005 May 27, 200
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Appendix C June 1,2005 June 2, 2005
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Appendix C January 23, 2006 Februar
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Appendix D Organizations Contacted
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Appendix D Wright County Assessor,
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Appendix E: Nuclear Management Comp
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Cn N0 Table E-2. (contd) Expiration
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Appendix E UNITED STATES -" NUCLEAR
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Appendix E N. Archabal -2- potentia
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Appendix E D. Stinnett -2- miles of
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Appendix E FIGURE 2.1-3 SITE BOUNDA
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Appendix E Common Name Scientific N
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Appendix E A. Stinnet : -2- ' !We a
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Appendix E 1.0 Introdution. The U.S
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Appendix E 6-M.LE SITE VICINITY Fig
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Appendix E agriculture and industri
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Appendix E -" .. " MWNTICELLO 345-K
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Appendix E Table 2. Terrestrial and
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Appendix E During the June 2005 sit
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Appendix E Vegetation management ma
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Appendix E Lehman, R.N. 2001. Rapto
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Appendix E MAY-31-206 15:31 P.02 MI
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Appendix F GElS Environmental Issue
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Appendix F References 10 CFR Part 5
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Appendix G: NRC Staff Evaluation of
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Appendix G Table G-1. Monticello Co
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Appendix G * The MACCS2 analyses pe
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Appendix G relative risk significan
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" Permanently posting an operator a
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Appendix G accident sequences to em
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Appendix G The staff noted that the
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Appendix G (testing of the boron in
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somewhat higher than what would act
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C Cn N, a) % Risk Reduction Total B
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Appendix G G.6 Cost-Benefit Compari
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Appendix G monetary equivalent of u
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Appendix G * SAMA 16- provide passi
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Appendix G several other SAMAs, res
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Appendix G Generating Plant, Docket
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NRC FORM 335 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATOR
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