Environmental Impact Statement - radioactive monticello

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Environmental Impacts of Alternatives * Water Use and Quality-Groundwater Any impacts to groundwater during operation would most likely be associated with storage and handling of feedstocks and the storage, handling, and disposal of wastes generated. Runoff from the coal and petroleum coke storage areas would be collected in a drainage basin and treated as needed (TVA 2003). Impacts would depend on the volume of groundwater withdrawn and the characteristics of the groundwater source. Overall, groundwater use and quality impacts at an alternate greenfield site can be characterized as SMALL to MODERATE depending on the location chosen. * Air Quality The air quality impacts of coal-fired generation vary considerably from those of nuclear generation emissions of SO 2 , NOx, particulates, carbon monoxide, hazardous air pollutants such as mercury, and naturally occurring radioactive materials. Estimated air emissions for a coal gasification plant meeting all applicable regulatory requirements and sized to fully replace the 600-MW(e) capacity of Monticello are shown in Table 8-4 (TVA 2003). The estimated emissions are based on using petroleum coke as fuel. Emissions of SOX are higher for petroleum coke than if coal is used as the fuel. A new coal gasification generating plant would need to meet the new source review requirements in Title I of the Clean Air Act (42 USC 7401-7515). The plant would need an operating permit issued under Title V of the Clean Air Act (42 USC 7661-7661 f). The plant would also need to comply with the new source performance standards for new generating plants in 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart D. The standards establish limits for particulate matter and opacity, SO 2 , and NOX. The EPA has various regulatory requirements for visibility protection in 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart P, including a specific requirement for review of any new major stationary source in an area designated as attainment or unclassified under the Clean Air Act (40 CFR 51.307). Section 169A of the Clean Air Act establishes a national goal of preventing future and remedying existing impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I Federal areas when impairment is from air pollution resulting from human activities. In addition, the EPA issued a new regional haze rule in 1999 (EPA 1999). The rule specifies that for each mandatory Class I Federal area located within a state, state agencies must establish goals that provide for reasonable progress towards achieving natural visibility conditions. The reasonable progress goals must provide for an improvement in visibility for the most-impaired days over the period of the implementation plan and ensure no degradation in visibility for the least-impaired days over the same period (40 CFR 51). If a new coal gasification power plan were located close to a mandatory Class I Federal area, additional air pollution control requirements could be imposed. NUREG-1437, Supplement 26 8-30 August 2006
Environmental Impacts of Alternatives In March 2005, the EPA issued CAIR, which will permanently cap emissions of SO 2 and NO, in the eastern United States (EPA 2005b). CAIR achieves large reductions of S and/or NO, emissions across 28 eastern states and the District of Columbia. When fully implemented, CAIR will reduce SO 2 emissions in these states by over 70 percent, and NO, emissions by over 60 percent from 2003 levels. This will result in $85 to $100 billion in health benefits, and nearly $2 billion in visibility benefits per year by 2015, and will substantially reduce premature mortality in the eastern United States. The benefits will continue to grow each year with further implementation. By 2015, CAIR will help Minnesota sources reduce emissions of SO 2 by 40,000 tons, or 36 percent, and emissions of NO, by 53,000 tons, or 59 percent (EPA 2005a). Any new fossil-fired power plant sited in Minnesota would be subject to the CAIR limitations. A coal gasification plant would also have unregulated carbon dioxide emissions that could contribute to global warming. The staff estimates that coal gasification plants sufficient to replace the power generated at Monticello would emit approximately 4.7 million tons per year of carbon dioxide (TVA 2003). Overall, the air quality impacts associated with new coal gasification plants to replace the power generated at Monticello would be MODERATE. The impacts would be clearly noticeable, but would not destabilize air quality. ° Waste The major solid waste and by-product streams would be generated by the gasifiers. Slag, fly ash, and sulfur account for more than 99 percent of the solids produced by coal gasification plants, with the remaining 1 percent consisting of spent catalysts and water treatment sludges. The generation rates in tons per year for a 680-MW(e) plant are shown in Table 8-4 (TVA 2003). The slag produced is an inert, glass-like material that has been found in coal gasification demonstrations to be non-leachable (TVA 2003). Based on testing at gasification demonstration plants, the slag and fly ash from gasification of eastern bituminous coal is expected to be below the RCRA threshold limits for hazardous designation (TVA 2003). Most of the sulfur in the coal is converted to hydrogen sulfide in the synthetic gas. The hydrogen sulfide is removed by acid gas removal and then converted to elemental sulfur by-product in the sulfur recovery system. There would be three process solid waste streams composed of sludges from raw water or waste water treatment: raw water treatment sludge, general waste water treatment sludge, and sludge from the biotreatment of gasification process waste water. Generation amounts are shown in Table 8-4. These sludges are typically not hazardous and would be disposed of at nearby State-approved municipal disposal sites (TVA 2003). Construction-related debris would be generated during construction activities for the coal gasification units and disposed at a landfill. August 2006 8-31 NUREG-1437, Supplement 26 1
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NUREG-1437 Supplement 26 Generic En
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Generic Environmental Impact Statem
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Abstract The U.S. Nuclear Regulator
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Contents Abstract........... ......
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Contents 4.8.7 Conclusions Regardin
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Figures Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Fig
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Contents Table 5-1. Category 1 Issu
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Executive Summary The Commission ha
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Executive Summary NMC and the staff
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0 degree pCi microcurie(s) pCi/mL m
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Abbreviations/Acronyms IPE IPEEE J
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Abbreviations/Acronyms rem REMP RHR
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Introduction and (4) present the st
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Introduction (1) The environmental
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Introduction I assessment of the re
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Introduction This definition of pur
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2.0 Description of Nuclear Power Pl
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Description of Site and Environment
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Descfiption of Site and Environment
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Table 2-10. Land Use in Sherburne C
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Environmental Impacts of Refurbishm
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Environmental Impacts of Refurbishm
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Environmental Impacts of Operation
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Environmental Impacts of Postulated
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Environmental Impacts of Postulated
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Page 247 and 248: Appendix A A.1 Comments and Respons
Page 249 and 250: Monticello Nuclear Generating Plant
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Appendix A nuclear power (I) and Mo
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Appendix A scoping process. If an i
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Appendix A Comment: The NRC does no
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Appendix A Comment: The EIS needs t
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Appendix A Comment: The EIS needs t
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Appendix A cognitive impairment. We
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Appendix A Despite available eviden
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Appendix A Comment: The Hospital Di
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Appendix A Comment: The NRC also fa
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Appendix A The NRC fails to acknowl
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the coal chain What about all the s
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gasification generation balanced ag
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Appendix A 14. Comments Concerning
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Appendix A Part II Comments Receive
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Appendix A Table A-2. (contd) Comme
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Appendix A Table A-2. (contd) Comme
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Appendix A A.2.4 General Comments i
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Appendix A Comment: Page 2-7, Line
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Appendix A turns out that we don't
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Appendix A A.2.12 Comments Concerni
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Appendix A Response: As described a
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information in the Final SEIS as pa
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Appendix A Response: The impacts to
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Appendix A Response: The text in Se
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aging management aspects of the lic
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Appendix A A-2 PURVES TODD: Just ba
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Appendix A PURVES TODD: Thank you v
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Appendix A So you don't look for wh
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Appendix A Yes CHUCK HOSTOVSKY: I t
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Appendix A information a little bit
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Appendix A Return-path: Received:
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Appendix A tAY-W8-2006 11! 07 'ENCL
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Appendix A ta W.Y United States Dep
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Appendix A MAY-17-206 13:11 P.04 U.
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Appendix A IMAY-17-20O6 13:12 P.06
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Appendix B Contributors to the Supp
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Appendix B Name Karen McWilliams Na
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Appendix C: Chronology of NRC Staff
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Appendix C May 27, 2005 May 27, 200
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Appendix C June 1,2005 June 2, 2005
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Appendix C January 23, 2006 Februar
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Appendix D Organizations Contacted
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Appendix D Wright County Assessor,
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Appendix E: Nuclear Management Comp
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Cn N0 Table E-2. (contd) Expiration
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Appendix E UNITED STATES -" NUCLEAR
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Appendix E N. Archabal -2- potentia
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Appendix E D. Stinnett -2- miles of
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Appendix E FIGURE 2.1-3 SITE BOUNDA
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Appendix E Common Name Scientific N
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Appendix E A. Stinnet : -2- ' !We a
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Appendix E 1.0 Introdution. The U.S
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Appendix E 6-M.LE SITE VICINITY Fig
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Appendix E agriculture and industri
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Appendix E -" .. " MWNTICELLO 345-K
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Appendix E Table 2. Terrestrial and
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Appendix E During the June 2005 sit
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Appendix E Vegetation management ma
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Appendix E Lehman, R.N. 2001. Rapto
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Appendix E MAY-31-206 15:31 P.02 MI
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Appendix F GElS Environmental Issue
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Appendix F References 10 CFR Part 5
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Appendix G: NRC Staff Evaluation of
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Appendix G Table G-1. Monticello Co
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Appendix G * The MACCS2 analyses pe
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Appendix G relative risk significan
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" Permanently posting an operator a
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Appendix G accident sequences to em
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Appendix G The staff noted that the
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Appendix G (testing of the boron in
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somewhat higher than what would act
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C Cn N, a) % Risk Reduction Total B
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Appendix G G.6 Cost-Benefit Compari
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Appendix G monetary equivalent of u
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Appendix G * SAMA 16- provide passi
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Appendix G several other SAMAs, res
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Appendix G Generating Plant, Docket
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NRC FORM 335 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATOR
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Environmental Impact Statement - radioactive monticello

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