Environmental Impact Statement - radioactive monticello

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Environmental Impacts of Alternatives discharge having a higher temperature and increased concentration of dissolved solids relative to the receiving body of water and intermittent low concentrations of biocides. In addition to the cooling tower blowdown, process waste streams and sanitary wastewater might also be discharged. All discharges would be regulated through a NPDES permit. Finally, some erosion and sedimentation would probably occur during construction (NRC 1996). These adverse effects would be localized and temporary. A natural gas-fired plant at an alternate greenfield site is assumed to use a closed-cycle cooling system with cooling towers. The staff assumed that surface water would be used for cooling makeup water and discharge. Intake and discharge would involve relatively small quantities of water compared to the coal alternative. The impact on'the surface -water would depend on the volume of water needed for makeup water, the discharge volume, and the characteristics of the receiving body of water. The staff expects that these impacts would range from SMALL to MODERATE. * Water Use and Quality-Groundwater Use of groundwater is possible for a natural gas-fired plant at an alternate site. Any groundwater withdrawal would require a permit from the local permitting authority. Overall, impacts to groundwater use and quality of a new natural gas-fired plant with a closed-cycle cooling system at an alternate site are considered SMALL to MODERATE, depending on the * volume of groundwater withdrawn and the characteristics of the groundwater source. * Air Quality Natural gas is a relatively clean-burning fuel. The gas-fired alternative would release similar types of emissions, but in lesser quantities than the coal-fired alternative. A new gas-fired generating plant located in Minnesota would likely need a PSD permit and an operating permit under the Clean Air Act. A new combined-cycle natural gas power plant would also be subject to the new source performance standards for such units at 40 CFR Part 60, Subparts Da and GG. These regulations establish emission limits for particulates, opacity, SO., and NOX. In March 2005, the EPA issued CAIR, which will permanently cap emissions of SO 2 and NOx in the eastern United States (70 CFR 25162). CAIR achieves large reductions of SO 2 and/or NOx emissions across 28 eastern states and the District of Columbia. When fully implemented, CAIR will reduce SO emissions in these states by over 70 percent and NO, emissions by over 60 percent from 2003 levels. This will result in $85 to $100 billion in health benefits and nearly $2 billion in visibility benefits per year by 2015, and will substantially reduce premature mortality in the eastern United States. The benefits will continue to grow each year with further implementation. By 2015, CAIR will help Minnesota sources reduce emissions of SO 2 by 40,000 tons, or 36 percent, and emissions of NOx by 53,000 tons, or 59 percent (EPA 2005a). NUREG-1437, Supplement 26 8 -22 August 2006 1
Environmental Impacts of Alternatives The EPA has various regulatory requirements for visibility protection in 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart P, including a specific requirement for review of any new major stationary source in an area designated attainment or unclassified under the Clean Air Act (40 CFR 51.307). Wright County is an area designated by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as being in attainment for all criteria pollutants. However, the area is in non-attainment with respect to the eight hour ozone standard. Section 169A of the Clean Air Act establishes a national goal of preventing future and remedying existing impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I Federal areas when impairment results from man-made air pollution. The EPA issued a new regional haze rule in 1999 (EPA 1999). The rule specifies that for each mandatory Class I Federal area located within a state, the State must establish goals that provide for reasonable progress towards achieving natural visibility conditions. The reasonable progress goals must provide for an improvement in visibility for the most impaired days over the period of the implementation plan and ensure no degradation in visibility for the least-impaired days over the same period [40 CFR 51.308(d)(1)]. If a natural gas-fired plant were located close to a mandatory Class I area, additional air pollution control requirements could be imposed. The nearest Class I Federal area is in Northern Minnesota, several hundred miles from Monticello. NMC projects the following emissions for the natural gas-fired alternative (NMC 2005): Sulfur oxides-9 tons/yr Nitrogen oxides-134 tons/yr Carbon monoxide-203 tons/yr PM 1 o particulates-26 tons/yr A natural gas-fired plant would also have unregulated carbon dioxide emissions that could contribute to global warming. In December 2000, the EPA issued regulatory findings on emissions of hazardous air pollutants from electric utility steam-generating units (EPA 2000b). Natural gas-fired power plants were found by EPA to emit arsenic, formaldehyde, and nickel (EPA 2000b). Unlike coal- and oil-fired plants, the EPA did not determine that emissions of hazardous air pollutants from natural gas-fired power plants should be regulated under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act. Construction activities would result in temporary fugitive dust. Exhaust emissions would also come from vehicles and motorized equipment used during the construction process. Impacts from the above emissions would be clearly noticeable, but would not be sufficient to destabilize air resources as a whole. The overall air-quality impact for a new natural gas-fired plant at an alternate greenfield site is considered MODERATE. August 2006 8-23 NUREG-1437, Supplement 26 1
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NUREG-1437 Supplement 26 Generic En
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Generic Environmental Impact Statem
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Abstract The U.S. Nuclear Regulator
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Contents Abstract........... ......
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Contents 4.8.7 Conclusions Regardin
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Figures Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Fig
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Contents Table 5-1. Category 1 Issu
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Executive Summary The Commission ha
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Executive Summary NMC and the staff
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0 degree pCi microcurie(s) pCi/mL m
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Abbreviations/Acronyms IPE IPEEE J
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Abbreviations/Acronyms rem REMP RHR
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Introduction and (4) present the st
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Introduction (1) The environmental
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Introduction I assessment of the re
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Introduction This definition of pur
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2.0 Description of Nuclear Power Pl
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Description of Site and Environment
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Descfiption of Site and Environment
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Table 2-10. Land Use in Sherburne C
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Environmental Impacts of Refurbishm
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Environmental Impacts of Refurbishm
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Environmental Impacts of Operation
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Page 144 and 145: Environmental Impacts of Operation
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Appendix A Commenter ID Commenter A
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Appendix A A.1 Comments and Respons
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Monticello Nuclear Generating Plant
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3. General Comments Regarding Licen
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Appendix A nuclear power (I) and Mo
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Appendix A scoping process. If an i
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Appendix A Comment: The NRC does no
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Appendix A Comment: The EIS needs t
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Appendix A Comment: The EIS needs t
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Appendix A cognitive impairment. We
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Appendix A Despite available eviden
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Appendix A Comment: The Hospital Di
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Appendix A Comment: The NRC also fa
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Appendix A The NRC fails to acknowl
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the coal chain What about all the s
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gasification generation balanced ag
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Appendix A 14. Comments Concerning
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Appendix A Part II Comments Receive
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Appendix A Table A-2. (contd) Comme
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Appendix A Table A-2. (contd) Comme
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Appendix A A.2.4 General Comments i
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Appendix A Comment: Page 2-7, Line
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Appendix A turns out that we don't
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Appendix A A.2.12 Comments Concerni
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Appendix A Response: As described a
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information in the Final SEIS as pa
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Appendix A Response: The impacts to
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Appendix A Response: The text in Se
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aging management aspects of the lic
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Appendix A A-2 PURVES TODD: Just ba
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Appendix A PURVES TODD: Thank you v
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Appendix A So you don't look for wh
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Appendix A Yes CHUCK HOSTOVSKY: I t
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Appendix A information a little bit
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Appendix A Return-path: Received:
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Appendix A tAY-W8-2006 11! 07 'ENCL
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Appendix A ta W.Y United States Dep
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Appendix A MAY-17-206 13:11 P.04 U.
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Appendix A IMAY-17-20O6 13:12 P.06
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Appendix B Contributors to the Supp
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Appendix B Name Karen McWilliams Na
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Appendix C: Chronology of NRC Staff
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Appendix C May 27, 2005 May 27, 200
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Appendix C June 1,2005 June 2, 2005
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Appendix C January 23, 2006 Februar
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Appendix D Organizations Contacted
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Appendix D Wright County Assessor,
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Appendix E: Nuclear Management Comp
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Cn N0 Table E-2. (contd) Expiration
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Appendix E UNITED STATES -" NUCLEAR
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Appendix E N. Archabal -2- potentia
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Appendix E D. Stinnett -2- miles of
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Appendix E FIGURE 2.1-3 SITE BOUNDA
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Appendix E Common Name Scientific N
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Appendix E A. Stinnet : -2- ' !We a
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Appendix E 1.0 Introdution. The U.S
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Appendix E 6-M.LE SITE VICINITY Fig
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Appendix E agriculture and industri
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Appendix E -" .. " MWNTICELLO 345-K
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Appendix E Table 2. Terrestrial and
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Appendix E During the June 2005 sit
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Appendix E Vegetation management ma
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Appendix E Lehman, R.N. 2001. Rapto
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Appendix E MAY-31-206 15:31 P.02 MI
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Appendix F GElS Environmental Issue
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Appendix F References 10 CFR Part 5
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Appendix G: NRC Staff Evaluation of
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Appendix G Table G-1. Monticello Co
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Appendix G * The MACCS2 analyses pe
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Appendix G relative risk significan
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" Permanently posting an operator a
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Appendix G accident sequences to em
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Appendix G The staff noted that the
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Appendix G (testing of the boron in
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somewhat higher than what would act
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C Cn N, a) % Risk Reduction Total B
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Appendix G G.6 Cost-Benefit Compari
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Appendix G monetary equivalent of u
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Appendix G * SAMA 16- provide passi
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Appendix G several other SAMAs, res
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Appendix G Generating Plant, Docket
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NRC FORM 335 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATOR
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Environmental Impact Statement - radioactive monticello

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