A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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rior end. Prostomium (Figure 20a) distinctly shorter than and
narrower than peristomium, less than V2 as deep as peristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, inflated dorsally;
median sulcus shallow. Eyes faded, posterior to the bases of
A-I. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in
thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without
articulations. Ceratostyles tapering, without articulations. A-I
to second peristomial ring; A-II to setiger 3; A-I 11 to setiger 4.
Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on
all sides; anterior ring roughly 2 /3 of total peristomial length.
Peristomial cirri to middle of prostomium, tapering, without
articulations.
Jaws not examined. Hartman (1942:52) reported maxillary
formula as 1+1, 6+7, 9+0, 5+11, and presumably 1+1.
Branchiae (Figure 20i) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, flexible.
Branchiae from setiger 3 through setiger 39. Branchiae
terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55%
of total number of setigers. Three first pairs single filaments; all
other branchiae with 2 or more filaments; maximum number
12, at or near setiger 15. Number of filaments maintained near
maximum number to 3 segments before end of branchiated
region. Branchial stems longer than filaments, flexible,
tapering. Filaments longer than notopodial cirri, tapering
distally to slender, nearly translucent tips.
Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes symmetrically truncate;
median acicular lobes asymmetrically triangular, with aciculae
emerging superior to midline; posterior acicular lobes nearly
trapezoidal with aciculae and the subacicular hooks supporting
distal corners (Figure 20b). All pre- and postsetal lobes low
transverse folds. First 4 ventral cirri thick, tapering from narrow
bases. Ventral cirri basally inflated from about setiger 5;
inflated bases thick transverse welts in all remaining setigers.
Narrow tip of ventral cirri digitiform in anterior and median
setigers, becoming reduced from about setiger 40 and
completely missing in last 45 setigers. Remnant thick pad-like
structure moved to posterior face of parapodia visible only as a
modest pad-like swelling on postero ventral edge of neuropodia
in far posterior setigers. Anterior notopodial cirri medially
inflated, increasing in length through setiger 15, thereafter
decreasing through remainder of branchial region, retaining
approximately same shape. Far posterior notopodial cirri short
and digitiform. Notopodial cirri without articulations.
Limbate setae more than twice as long as other setae in
anterior and median setigers, clearly longer than all other setae
in all setigers, slender, marginally smooth, very narrowly
limbate, appearing nearly capillary. Pectinate setae (Figure
20d) very long, narrow; shafts cylindrical, slender; blades
tapering, flat. One marginal tooth distinctly longer than other
teeth; total number about 10. Shafts of compound falcigers
(Figure 20c ,e) extremely long compared to length of appendages,
distally inflated with serrated margins; distal beak
present. Appendages short, tapering, bidentate. Proximal teeth
triangular, directed laterally, larger in posterior than in anterior
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
setigers; distal teeth larger than proximal teeth, tapering,
slightly less curved in posterior than in anterior setigers.
Guards symmetrically sharply pointed with distinct short
mucros, marginally serrated. Pseudocompound falcigers and
compound spinigcrs absent. Aciculae paired, yellow, tapering;
cross-section round. Superior aciculae (Figure 20h) considerably
heavier than inferior aciculae, gently curved, sharply
tapering. Inferior aciculae similar in shape, but distally straight.
Separation between core and sheath indistinct in both aciculae
and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 20f,g)
yellow, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 21, present
in all setigers thereafter, paired in some setigers. Hooks
tapering, with distinct head. Proximal teeth large, slender,
directed laterally. Distal teeth, small, nearly erect. Guards
rounded truncate.
UKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and anal
cirri; relation between Mx III and left Mx IV.
EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FHA-
TURES.—The number of teeth in Mx III and left Mx IV
indicates that Mx III is long and located behind left Mx II rather
than as part of a distal arc.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF- KI:Y NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 22, 60. Unknown
Characters: None.
ASSUMED STATES TOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KKY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Eunice benedicti is listed with similar species
in Tables 19 and 21. Species in this group combining branchiae
starting from setiger 3 with a lack of articulations of the
ceratostyles include E. hawaiensis, E. leplocirris, E. megabranchia,
E. rubrocincta, and E. validobranchiata. All of these
species except E. benedicti have at least two anterior pairs of
branchiae as single filaments; all anterior branchiae are
pectinate in E. benedicti. The branchiae are folded over, nearly
coiled in E. benedicti, and erect in all the other species listed. In
addition, the bases of the ventral cirri are inflated through the
posterior part of the body in E. benedicti; the inflated bases are
reduced in posterior setigers in all the other species. Eunice
benedicti has mucronate compound falcigers; the compound
falcigers are at best pointed in the other species listed.
Eunice bertolonii (Chiaje, 1828)
Nereis Bertoloni Chiaje, 1828:174, see also p. 163.—Grube, 1850:291.—
Quatrefages, 1866: 354.
Eunice Bertoloni.—Audouin and Milne Edwards, 1833:220.
Eunice Bertoloniana.—Fauvel, 1923:451.
REMARKS.—The species has been quoted in the genus
Eunice due to Chiaje's placement of the species under the
genus Leodice in his formal diagnosis (1828:174). Chiaje
specifically mentions, both in his Latin diagnosis and in the
Italian description, the presence of spiralled branchiae. However,
Audouin and Milne Edwards (1833:220) stated that
although the species "had the appearance of a Eunice" they had