A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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74 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY 22. Eunice australis Quatrefages, 1866 FIGURE 17g-l; TABLES 41,43 Eunice australis Quatrefages, 1866:321-322.—Fauchald. 1986:244-245, figs. 9-14. Eunice leuconuchalls Bcnham, 1900:21-22. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, MNHN, Paris, A.1(R.)- 1868-no. 56a, New Zealand, coll. Quoy and Gaimard. DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with 109 setigers, last 10 in regenerating posterior end; total length 70 mm; maximal width 4 mm at setiger 15; length through setiger 10,9 mm; width at setiger 10,8.5 mm. Body cylindrical anteriorly, dorsoventrally flattened posteriorly, truncate anteriorly, tapering slowly posteriorly. Prostomium (Figure 17g) distinctly shorter than peristomium, about as wide as peristomium, as deep as x h of the peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally slightly flattened; median sulcus deep. Eyes not observed. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles slender and tapering; articulations cylindrical basally, increasingly drop-shaped or moniliform distally, especially in A-II and A-III; maximum 15 articulations in A-III. A-I to middle of peristomium; A-II to setiger 1; A-III to setiger 3. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 3 A of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to front x h of peristomium, slender and digitiform, with 7 articulations. Maxillary formula 1+1, 6+6, 6+0, 6+10, and 1+1. Branchiae (Figure 17h) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from setiger 7 through setiger 33. Branchiae terminating well before posterior end, on less than 55% of total number of setigers. Last 2 pairs single filaments; all other branchiae with at least 2 filaments. Maximum 8 filaments by setiger 10. Stems erect, slender, tapering, longer than filaments. Filaments slender, digitiform, about as long as notopodial cirri. Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes symmetrically truncate, becoming increasingly obliquely rounded posteriorly with aciculae emerging superior to midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. Ventral cirri digitiform in pre- and post-branchial setigers, basally inflated with short, strongly tapering tips in branchial region (Figure 17h,j). Inflated bases ovate. Prebranchial notopodial cirri digitiform, basally somewhat inflated, with 2 long articulations. Notopodial cirri of branchial region more distinctly basally inflated without articulations. Postbranchial notopodial cirri increasingly slender, retaining similar lengths in all setigers. Limbate setae longer than all other setae, slender, marginally serrated. Shafts of pectinate setae cylindrical, slender. Blades flat, flaring. Both marginal teeth longer than other teeth, with -12 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 17i) distally inflated, marginally very finely serrated; distal beak distinct. Appendages short, relatively thick, tapering; head small, bidentate. Proximal teeth reduced triangular, directed laterally or slightly basally. Distal teeth longer and thicker than proximal teeth, abruptly tapering distally, directed laterally. Guards asymmetrically bluntly pointed, marginally serrated, without mucros. Pscudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae (Figure 17k) paired, yellow, similar in size and shape, tapering, blunt-tipped, bent dorsally; cross-section round. Separation between core and sheath indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 171) yellow, tridentate with teeth in a cresL Hooks first present from setiger 31, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Primary fangs very large, triangular, curved basally. Distal fangs emerging from common base; tertiary fangs very small, closely appresscd to secondary fangs. UKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURIS.—Pygidium and anal cirri; relationship between Mx III and left Mx IV. EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.— Mx III long; located behind left Mx II. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 13, 14. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Eunice australis is listed with similar species in Tables 41 and 43. It has notopodial articulations limited to the anterior end; other species in Table 43 either have all notopodial cirri articulated or they lack articulations completely. Justification for accepting the synonymy of E. leuconuchalis with E. australis as originally suggested by Ehlers (1907) has been given elsewhere (Fauchald, 1986:252-253). Eunice badia Grube, 1878 Eunice badia Grube. 1878b:148-149. pi. 9: fig. 4. REMARKS.—Grube had only a single specimen, from the Philippines, which now is lost. Grube's description is summarized, with updated terminology, below. Prostomial antennae with distinct, but not moniliform articulations. A-III longest, apparently reaching setiger 2. Peristomial cirri short, vaguely articulated. Maxillary formula apparently 1+1, 4+4, 6+0, 3+8, and 1+1. Branchiae from setiger 8, with up to 19 filaments, illustrated as having a strong branchial stem and slender filaments. Ventral cirri pad-shaped posterior to setiger 5; notopodial cirri short. Aciculae black; subacicular hooks black and bidentate. Eunice badia clearly belongs to group B-2 and resembles E. aphroditois and related species. Without access to type material the species is however indeterminable. Eunice balfouriana (Mclntosh, 1885) FIGURE 18a Nicidion balfouriana Mclntosh, 1885:301-303, figs. 58, 59, pi. 39: figs. 4-6; pi. 20A: figs. 17, 18.
NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 18.—Eunice balfouriana (holotype, BM(NH) ZK 1885, 12.1.209): a. anterior end, lateral view. Eunice barvicensis (BM(NH) ZK 1885.12.1.203a): b, anterior end, lateral view; c, subacicular hook, parapodium 75; d, compound falciger, parapodium 75. (Scale bars in mm.) MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, BM(NH) ZK 1885.12.1.209, off Kermadec Islands, 29°55'S, 178°14'W, 978 m, volcanic mud; Challenger sta 170, 14 Jul 1874. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—A. Muir (in litt.) pointed out that the official station list for the Challenger states that the substrate should be rock, rather than volcanic mud; in addition, two positions were given, one as quoted above, the other 29°45'S, \1%°WV1, 1184 m, rock. The holotype is in two pieces, one anterior end, which has been dissected frontally, and a median piece of about 33 setigers. The two pieces do not match each other. The jaws are missing. DESCRIPTION.—Anterior end with 17 setigers; length 7.2 mm; maximum width 2.0 mm. Body cylindrical, truncate anteriorly. Prostomium (Figure 18a) slightly narrower than peristo-
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
Page 35 and 36: NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
Page 37 and 38: NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
Page 39 and 40: NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
Page 41 and 42: NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
Page 43 and 44: NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
Page 45 and 46: NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
Page 47 and 48: NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
Page 49 and 50: NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
Page 51 and 52: NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
Page 53 and 54: NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
Page 55 and 56: NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
Page 57 and 58: NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
Page 59 and 60: NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
Page 61 and 62: NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
Page 63 and 64: NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
Page 65 and 66: NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
Page 67 and 68: NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
Page 69 and 70: NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
Page 71 and 72: NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
Page 73 and 74: NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
Page 75 and 76: NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
Page 77 and 78: NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
Page 79 and 80: NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
Page 81 and 82: NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
Page 83 and 84: NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
Page 85: NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
Page 89 and 90: NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
Page 91 and 92: NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
Page 93 and 94: NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
Page 95 and 96: NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
Page 103 and 104: NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
Page 105 and 106: NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
Page 109 and 110: NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
Page 111 and 112: NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
Page 113 and 114: NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
Page 115 and 116: NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
Page 117 and 118: NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
Page 119 and 120: NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
Page 121 and 122: NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
Page 123 and 124: NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
Page 125 and 126: NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
Page 127 and 128: NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
Page 129 and 130: NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
Page 131 and 132: NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
Page 133 and 134: NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
Page 135 and 136: NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 125 FIGURE 39.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170:
NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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Page 189 and 190:
NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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Page 219 and 220:
NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
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NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
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NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
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NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
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NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
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NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
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NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256:
NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
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NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
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NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
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NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
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NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
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NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
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NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
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NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
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NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
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NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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Page 279 and 280:
NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
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NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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Page 289 and 290:
NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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Page 303 and 304:
NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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