A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

74 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
22. Eunice australis Quatrefages, 1866
FIGURE 17g-l; TABLES 41,43
Eunice australis Quatrefages, 1866:321-322.—Fauchald. 1986:244-245, figs.
9-14.
Eunice leuconuchalls Bcnham, 1900:21-22.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, MNHN, Paris, A.1(R.)-
1868-no. 56a, New Zealand, coll. Quoy and Gaimard.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with
109 setigers, last 10 in regenerating posterior end; total length
70 mm; maximal width 4 mm at setiger 15; length through
setiger 10,9 mm; width at setiger 10,8.5 mm. Body cylindrical
anteriorly, dorsoventrally flattened posteriorly, truncate anteriorly,
tapering slowly posteriorly.
Prostomium (Figure 17g) distinctly shorter than peristomium,
about as wide as peristomium, as deep as x h of the
peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally
slightly flattened; median sulcus deep. Eyes not observed.
Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness.
Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations.
Ceratostyles slender and tapering; articulations cylindrical
basally, increasingly drop-shaped or moniliform distally,
especially in A-II and A-III; maximum 15 articulations in A-III.
A-I to middle of peristomium; A-II to setiger 1; A-III to setiger
3. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct
dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 3 A of total peristomial
length. Peristomial cirri to front x h of peristomium, slender and
digitiform, with 7 articulations.
Maxillary formula 1+1, 6+6, 6+0, 6+10, and 1+1.
Branchiae (Figure 17h) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 7 through setiger 33. Branchiae
terminating well before posterior end, on less than 55% of total
number of setigers. Last 2 pairs single filaments; all other
branchiae with at least 2 filaments. Maximum 8 filaments by
setiger 10. Stems erect, slender, tapering, longer than filaments.
Filaments slender, digitiform, about as long as notopodial cirri.
Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes symmetrically truncate,
becoming increasingly obliquely rounded posteriorly with
aciculae emerging superior to midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes
low, transverse folds. Ventral cirri digitiform in pre- and
post-branchial setigers, basally inflated with short, strongly
tapering tips in branchial region (Figure 17h,j). Inflated bases
ovate. Prebranchial notopodial cirri digitiform, basally somewhat
inflated, with 2 long articulations. Notopodial cirri of
branchial region more distinctly basally inflated without
articulations. Postbranchial notopodial cirri increasingly slender,
retaining similar lengths in all setigers.
Limbate setae longer than all other setae, slender, marginally
serrated. Shafts of pectinate setae cylindrical, slender. Blades
flat, flaring. Both marginal teeth longer than other teeth, with
-12 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 17i) distally
inflated, marginally very finely serrated; distal beak distinct.
Appendages short, relatively thick, tapering; head small,
bidentate. Proximal teeth reduced triangular, directed laterally
or slightly basally. Distal teeth longer and thicker than
proximal teeth, abruptly tapering distally, directed laterally.
Guards asymmetrically bluntly pointed, marginally serrated,
without mucros. Pscudocompound falcigers and compound
spinigers absent. Aciculae (Figure 17k) paired, yellow, similar
in size and shape, tapering, blunt-tipped, bent dorsally;
cross-section round. Separation between core and sheath
indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular
hooks (Figure 171) yellow, tridentate with teeth in a cresL
Hooks first present from setiger 31, present in all setigers
thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Primary
fangs very large, triangular, curved basally. Distal fangs
emerging from common base; tertiary fangs very small, closely
appresscd to secondary fangs.
UKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURIS.—Pygidium and anal
cirri; relationship between Mx III and left Mx IV.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Mx III long; located behind left Mx II.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 13, 14.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Eunice australis is listed with similar species in
Tables 41 and 43. It has notopodial articulations limited to the
anterior end; other species in Table 43 either have all
notopodial cirri articulated or they lack articulations completely.
Justification for accepting the synonymy of E. leuconuchalis
with E. australis as originally suggested by Ehlers (1907) has
been given elsewhere (Fauchald, 1986:252-253).
Eunice badia Grube, 1878
Eunice badia Grube. 1878b:148-149. pi. 9: fig. 4.
REMARKS.—Grube had only a single specimen, from the
Philippines, which now is lost. Grube's description is summarized,
with updated terminology, below.
Prostomial antennae with distinct, but not moniliform
articulations. A-III longest, apparently reaching setiger 2.
Peristomial cirri short, vaguely articulated. Maxillary formula
apparently 1+1, 4+4, 6+0, 3+8, and 1+1. Branchiae from
setiger 8, with up to 19 filaments, illustrated as having a strong
branchial stem and slender filaments. Ventral cirri pad-shaped
posterior to setiger 5; notopodial cirri short. Aciculae black;
subacicular hooks black and bidentate.
Eunice badia clearly belongs to group B-2 and resembles E.
aphroditois and related species. Without access to type material
the species is however indeterminable.
Eunice balfouriana (Mclntosh, 1885)
FIGURE 18a
Nicidion balfouriana Mclntosh, 1885:301-303, figs. 58, 59, pi. 39: figs. 4-6;
pi. 20A: figs. 17, 18.