A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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72 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY Eunice atlantica is listed with similar species in Tables 41 and 42; it is too poorly known to be included in the key. Eunice attenuata Grube, 1866 Eunice attenuata Grube, 1866b:68; 1878a:99. REMARKS.—No material is available. It was originally characterized as having branchiae from setiger 6 through setiger 83 (of a total of more than 350 setigers) and with a maximum of 11 filaments. A-III was described as reaching setiger 2 (segment 4). The species was also characterized as resembling E. prayensis. Grube (1878a) grouped the species with those that had branchiae terminating in midbody, without articulations in the ceratostyles, and without mucronate hoods on the compound hooks. The available information is clearly inadequate to characterize the species and it is here considered indeterminable. 21. Eunice aucklandica Averincev, 1974 FIGURE 17a-f; TABLES 41,42 Eunice aucklandica Averincev. 1974:172-173, pi. 35: figs. 9-12. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, ZML 1/15807, Antarctic Ocean, 51°13'1"S, 165°37'7"E. OB sta 74, 6 Apr 1956, 183 m depth, coll. Averincev, Ushakov, Belijaev. DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with 79 setigers; total length 18 mm; maximal width 1 mm at setiger 10; length through setiger 10, 3.2 mm. Body cylindrical throughout, anteriorly truncate, tapering posteriorly. Anal cirri articulated, as long as last 10 setigers. Prostomium (Figure 17a) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, as deep as l li of the peristomium. Prostomial lobes large, frontally rounded, slightly dorsally flattened; median sulcus deep. Eyes lateral to bases of A-II, large. Antennae in horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles digitiform, with up to 8 large, short cylindrical articulations in A-III. A-I to second peristomial ring; A-II to setiger 2; A-III to setiger 3. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on all sides, especially well marked dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 3 /4 of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of first peristomial ring, slender and tapering, without articulations. Jaws not examined. Branchiae present, palmate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region. Branchiae from setiger 8 through setiger 21. Branchiae terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55% of total number of setigers. Most branchiae single, digitiform filaments; some setigers with paired filaments. Filaments longer than notopodial cirri in middle of branchiated region. Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes broadly rounded, becoming slightly triangular in far posterior setigers; aciculae emerging at midline (Figure 17f). Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. Anterior ventral cirri thick, tapering, becoming basally inflated from about setiger 6. Inflated bases ovate, gradually reduced from setiger 25, narrow lips tapering. Posterior ventral cirri thick, abruptly tapering. Notopodial cirri basally slightly inflated, tapering to digitiform tips, without articulations. Limbate setae marginally smooth. Shafts of pectinate setae (Figure 17e) narrow, cylindrical. Blades tapering, flat. Both marginal teeth thicker and slightly longer than other teeth, with about 7 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 17b,d) distally inflated, marginally smooth; distal beaks absent. Appendages short, slightly tapering with large heads, bidentate or tridentate (Figure 17b,d). Proximal teeth narrow, tapering, directed laterally. Distal teeth about as long as proximal tooth, curved; in some setae third, small teeth present, making distal end of appendage appear nearly furcate. Guards symmetrically bluntly pointed, marginally smooth, without mucros. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigcrs absent. Aciculae at least paired in all sctigcrs, yellow, distally tapering, straight, bluntly pointed. Separation between cores and sheaths indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 17c) yellow, tridentate with teeth in a crest. Hooks first present from setiger 18, present in all setigers thereafter, paired in most setigers. Primary fangs large, curved. Both distal fangs emerging from joint, thick bases, short, triangular. UKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Jaw structure; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATE OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—Mx III long and located behind left Mx II. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 34, 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 39, 40,42. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Eunice aucklandica is listed with similar species in Tables 41 and 42. A characteristic feature is the presence of paired subacicular hooks in most setigers. The maximum number of branchial filaments is only two; all other species in Table 42 have at least twice as many and have distinct branchial shafts; a branchial shaft is missing in E. aucklandica. Eunice auriculata Treadwell, 1900 Eunice auriculata Treadwell, 1900:342-343; 1901:196-197, figs. 33-36b. Eunice ariculata Hartman, 1959:308 [lapsus]. REMARKS.—The species was first named and recognizably described in a short paper in which the characteristic rounded smooth glandular organ attached ventrally on the notopodia was mentioned. A more complete description was published the following year and has been considered the original
NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice aucklandica (holotype, ZML 1/15807): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, compound falciger, parapodium 40; c, subacicular hook, parapodium 40; d, compound falciger, parapodium 50; e, pectinate seta, parapodium 50; f, parapodium 40, anterior view. Eunice australis (holotype, MNHN, A.l(R.)-1868-no. 56a): g, anterior end, lateral view; h, parapodium 21, anterior view; i, compound falciger, parapodium 21; j, parapodium 60, anterior view; k, aciculae, parapodium 60; 1, subacicular hook, parapodium 60. (Scale bars in mm.) description by most authors. Hartman (1959:308) indicated that Treadwell misspelled the specific name in the first publication; this is incorrect. Eunice auriculata belongs to the genus Euniphysa as this genus is currently defined and is here newly referred to that genus.
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
Page 33 and 34: NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
Page 35 and 36: NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
Page 37 and 38: NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
Page 39 and 40: NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
Page 41 and 42: NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
Page 43 and 44: NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
Page 45 and 46: NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
Page 47 and 48: NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
Page 49 and 50: NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
Page 51 and 52: NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
Page 53 and 54: NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
Page 55 and 56: NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
Page 57 and 58: NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
Page 59 and 60: NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
Page 61 and 62: NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
Page 63 and 64: NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
Page 65 and 66: NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
Page 67 and 68: NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
Page 69 and 70: NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
Page 71 and 72: NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
Page 73 and 74: NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
Page 75 and 76: NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
Page 77 and 78: NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
Page 79 and 80: NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
Page 81 and 82: NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
Page 83: NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
Page 87 and 88: NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
Page 89 and 90: NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
Page 91 and 92: NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
Page 93 and 94: NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
Page 95 and 96: NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
Page 103 and 104: NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
Page 105 and 106: NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
Page 109 and 110: NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
Page 111 and 112: NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
Page 113 and 114: NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
Page 115 and 116: NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
Page 117 and 118: NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
Page 119 and 120: NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
Page 121 and 122: NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
Page 123 and 124: NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
Page 125 and 126: NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
Page 127 and 128: NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
Page 129 and 130: NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
Page 131 and 132: NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
Page 133 and 134: NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 125 FIGURE 39.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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Page 159 and 160:
NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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Page 163 and 164:
NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
Page 167 and 168:
NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170:
NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
Page 173 and 174:
NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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Page 181 and 182:
NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
Page 191 and 192:
NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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Page 207 and 208:
NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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Page 213 and 214:
NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
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Page 233 and 234:
NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
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NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238:
NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240:
NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
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NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
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Page 253 and 254:
NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256:
NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258:
NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
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NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
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NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
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NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
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NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
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NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
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NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
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NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
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NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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Page 279 and 280:
NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
Page 281 and 282:
NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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Page 289 and 290:
NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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Page 297 and 298:
NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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Page 303 and 304:
NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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Page 307 and 308:
NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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Page 323 and 324:
NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
Page 329 and 330:
NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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Page 337 and 338:
NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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Page 349 and 350:
NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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Page 353 and 354:
NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
Page 391 and 392:
NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
Page 393 and 394:
NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
Page 395 and 396:
NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
Page 399 and 400:
NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
Page 401 and 402:
NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
Page 403 and 404:
NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
Page 405 and 406:
NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
Page 407 and 408:
NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
Page 409 and 410:
NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
Page 411 and 412:
NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
Page 413 and 414:
NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
Page 415 and 416:
NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
Page 421 and 422:
NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
Page 423 and 424:
NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
Page 425 and 426:
NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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