A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

NUMBER 523 49
median antennae similar in length and clearly outreaching the
prostomium. The bases of the median inflated ventral cirri are
scoop-shaped in E. afra and thick, transverse welts in E.
ehlersi.
5. Eunice afuerensis Hartman, 1944
FIGURE 7; TABLES 52,53
Eunice afuerensis Hartman, 1944:108-109. pi. 6: figs. 127-134.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, AHF 391-35, Islas
Lobos de Afuera, Peru, 6°55'40"S, 80°43'40"W, 17 Jan 1935,
shore, rock and algae.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete female with 687 setigers;
total length 720 mm; maximal width 12 mm at setiger 15;
length through setiger 10, 19 mm; width at setiger 10, 10 mm.
Anterior body cylindrical, truncate frontally, tapering slowly
posteriorly, becoming dorsoventrally flattened. Anal cirri with
moniliform articulations, as long as last 10 setigers; dorsal edge
of pygidium crenulatcd.
Prostomium (Figure 7a) distinctly shorter and narrower than
peristomium, less than x li as deep as peristomium. Prostomial
lobes frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median sulcus deep.
Eyes not observed. Antennae in a straight line, evenly spaced,
similar in thickness. All ceratophores short, ring-shaped
without articulations. Ceratostyles tapering, with -20 short
articulations; articulations not moniliform, except for distalmost
ones. Antennae to middle of anterior peristomial ring.
Peristomium ~3 times as long as prostomium with a distinct
muscular lower lip. Separation between rings very well marked
dorsally and ventrally, indistinct only for a short distance
laterally; anterior ring - 3 A of total peristomial length. Peristomial
cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring, medially
inflated, without articulations.
Maxillary formula 1+1, 4+5, 4+0, 6+7, and 1+1. Mx III
short, located behind left Mx II, forming part of distal arc with
left Mx IV. Mx VI absent. Maxillae strongly calcified, brittle.
Branchiae (Figure 7d,e,l) pectinate, distinctly longer than
notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 3 to second from last setiger. All
branchiae luxuriously pectinate, with up to 25 slender
filaments. Stems flexible, slender, cylindrical. Filaments longer
than stems in most setigers and longer than notopodial cirri in
all but the first 2-3 setigers.
Neuropodial acicular lobes rounded in anterior setigers,
obliquely truncate in median and posterior setigers. Pre- and
postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. First 3 ventral cirri thick,
tapering. Ventral cirri basally inflated from setiger 4; free tips
tapering in all setigers. Inflated bases retained in all but last
setigers, forming broad, transverse welts with tips attached
distally. Notopodial cirri medially inflated, with up to 7
articulations in anterior setigers; number and distinctness of
articulations lost in first 20 branchial setigers.
Limbate setae longer than other setae, slender, narrow,
marginally serrated. Large numbers of pectinate setae present.
Anterior pectinate setae (Figure 7b) with thick, cylindrical
shafts, furled, tapering; one marginal tooth distinctly thicker
and longer than all other teeth; 12 teeth present. Median and
posterior pectinate setae (Figure 7f) with wide, flattened shafts.
Blades furled, flaring. One marginal tooth longer, but not
thicker than other teeth, with 20 teeth. True compound hooks
present only in first 25 setigers, replaced by pseudocompound
hooks in all other setigers. Shafts of compound hooks (Figure
7c) very coarse, tapering, without serrations. Appendages
small, tapering. Both teeth similar in size, directed distally,
tapering, slightly curved towards each other. Guards not seen.
Pseudocompound hooks (Figure 7h,k) in one preacicular and
one postacicular row, up to 5 hooks present in each row; setae
oriented roughly in a fan in each row (not well illustrated).
Hooks with distinct fused joints, represented by bends on one
side and bulges on opposite side. Proximal teeth thicker and
more distinctly tapering than distal teeth in most hooks. Distal
teeth often distally hooked. All compound and pseudocompound
hooks clear yellow. Compound spinigers absent.
Aciculae paired, yellow, tapering; cross-sections round. Inferior
aciculae coarser than superior aciculae, distinctly bent in
anterior setigers. Superior aciculae coarser than inferior
aciculae (Figure 7i) in far posterior setigers, but both similar in
shape. Subacicular hooks (Figure 7g,j) clear yellow, bidentate.
Hooks present from setiger 100, thereafter present singly in all
setigers. Hooks slender, smoothly tapering. Proximal teeth
much larger than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally.
Distal teeth slender, erect. Guards not seen.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Guards of compound
and subacicular hooks.
EXPECTED STATE OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Guards of compound hooks asymmetrically bluntly pointed,
following outline of appendages closely, marginally smooth.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 60. Unknown
Characters: 13-14,70.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—70,2.
REMARKS.—Eunice afuerensis is very similar to E. pelamidis
from the same geographical region; both species have the
same branchial distribution and similar closely articulated
antennae, and the basic setal structures are the same. The two
species can be separated on the development of the basal
portion of the ventral cirri, which retains an inflated region in
most of the body in E. afuerensis and is inflated only in anterior
setigers in E. pelamidis and by the color of the setae, aciculae
and subacicular hooks; these are dark amber in E. pelamidis
and clear yellow in E. afuerensis.
Hartman (1944:109) considered the pseudocompound hooks
as series of subacicular hooks; the two kinds of hooks are
clearly different, both in structure and origin. The pseudocompound
hooks originate distal to the subacicular hooks and point
distally, whereas the single subacicular hook has the origin and
orientation of the subacicular hooks in other eunicids. Eunice