A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

NUMBER 523 281
than peristomium, as deep as x l2 of the peristomium. Prostomial
lobes frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median sulcus deep.
Peristomial fold completely everted making region posterior to
antennal bases appear very long. Eyes between bases of A-I and
A-II. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in
thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without
articulations. Ceratostyles tapering, with up to 13 cylindrical
articulations in A-III. A-I to posterior peristomial ring; A-II and
A-I 11 to setiger 2. Peristomium slightly flaring anteriorly, with
distinct muscular lower lip. Separation between rings visible
ventrally, slightly better marked dorsally; anterior ring 4 /s of
total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior
peristomial ring, digitiform, with 3 cylindrical rings.
Maxillary formula 1+1,4+5, 7+0, 2+7, and 1+1. Mx III part
of distal arc with left Mx IV. Left Mx IV continued as edentate
plate behind Mx III. Mx VI absent.
Branchiae (Figure 94b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 5 to setiger 100. Branchiae present to
near posterior end, present on more than 65% of total number
of setigers. First 3 and last 10 pairs single filaments; maximum
14 filaments at about setiger 20. First 2 pairs short, nearly
button-shaped. Branchial stems long, erect, often curved in half
corkscrew posteriorly. Filaments short, slender.
Neuropodial acicular lobes distally rounded, very low;
aciculac emerging at midlinc. All pre- and postsetal lobes
follow outline of acicular lobes closely. First 4 ventral cirri
tapering. Ventral cirri with inflated bases between setigers 5
and 50. Inflated bases thick, transverse welts; narrow tips short
and button-shaped. Posterior to setiger 50 ventral cirri
becoming tapering, increasing in relative length, becoming
about as long as notopodial cirri in last setigers present First 50
notopodial cirri basally distinctly inflated, with decreasing
numbers of articulations, up to 4 articulations; last articulated
notopodial cirrus in setiger 55. Posterior notopodial cirri
increasingly slender, decreasing in length to roughly 2 /3 of
length in anterior setigers.
Limbate setae marginally smooth. Median pectinate setae
(Figure 94c) flaring, flat. One marginal tooth distinctly longer
than other teeth; -15 teeth present. Compound falcigers (Figure
94e) very large. Shafts tapering, marginally smooth. Appendages
tapering, with large heads, bidentate. Proximal teeth
longer than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal
teeth tapering relatively abruptly, distinctly bent. Guards
symmetrically rounded, marginally serrated; mucros absent.
Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent.
Aciculae paired, with brown cores and clear sheaths, tapering;
cross-sections round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 94d) with
brown cores and clear sheaths, bidentate. Hooks first present
from setiger 19, present in all setigers thereafter, always single
(except for replacements). Hooks very slender, tapering to
small head. Proximal teeth very much larger than distal teeth,
triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth slender, curved.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and
anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA-
TURES.—None.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 4,6.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Eunice purpurea is compared to similar species
in Tables 27 and 30. Of species listed in Table 30 with 10 or
more branchial filaments where the branchiae are best
developed, E.flavopicta and E. reducta lack articulations in the
peristomial cirri. The other heavily branchiated species have
such articulations. Posterior ventral cirri are basally inflated in
E. coccinea, widely triangular, nearly scoop-shaped in E.
laticeps and E. violaceomaculata, tapering from narrow bases
in E. purpurea, and unknown for E. macrobranchia. Eunice
purpurea appears to have the branchiae distinctly outreaching
the notopodial cirri; in E. macrobranchia the notopodial cirri
are of about the same length as the branchiae.
The juvenile has lost all antennae; branchiae are present from
setiger 5 and continued to near the posterior end. Where best
developed at setiger 15, each branchia with two relatively long
filaments. Aciculae and subacicular hooks brown; the latter are
present from setiger 15. The juvenile very probably belongs to
the same species as the larger specimen, but this cannot be
confirmed presently.
165. Eunice pyenobranchiata Mclntosh, 1885
FIGURE 95a-f; TABLES 14,27,32
Eunice pyenobranchiata Mclntosh, 1885:294-297, figs. 54, 55, pi. 39: figs.
13-15, pi. 21 A: figs. 4,5.—Fauchald, 1986:253-255, figs. 56-61.
Eunice tentaculata.—Fauvel, 1917:269 [in part, not Eunice tentaculata
Kinberg, 1865, nor Eunice tentaculata Quatrefages, 1866].
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Three syntypes, BM(NH) ZK
1921.5.1.1997, Challenger sta 162, off East Moncoeur land,
Bass Strait, 39°10'30"S, 146°37'E, 69 m, dredged, sand and
shells, 2 Apr 1874. One syntype, BM(NH) ZK 1921.5.1.1998,
Challenger sta 163A, Twofold Bay, between Melbourne and
Sydney, 36°59'S, 150°20 / E, 274 m, trawled, green mud.
COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The syntype from
Twofold Bay was the one examined in detail by Mclntosh;
most of the description is based on this specimen. The
specimen has been frontally dissected and the jaws are now
missing.
DESCRIPTION.—Syntype described incomplete with 63 setigers;
length 50 mm; maximal width 8 mm; length through
setiger 10, 12 mm. Other syntype incomplete with 76 setigers;
length 55 mm; maximal width 10 mm; length through setiger
10, 10 mm.
Prostomium (Figure 95a,b) distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, less than x fa as deep as peristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median
sulcus deep. Antennae in a horseshoe, with A-III isolated by a