A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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280 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY J .02 .1 1 a r. e d FIGURE 94.—Eunice purpurea (syntype, ZMB F 2012) : a. anterior end, lateral view; b, parapodium 32, anterior view; c, pectinate seta, parapodium 32; d, subacicular Hook, parapodium 32; e, compound falciger, parapodium 32. (Scale bars in mm.)
NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as deep as x l2 of the peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median sulcus deep. Peristomial fold completely everted making region posterior to antennal bases appear very long. Eyes between bases of A-I and A-II. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles tapering, with up to 13 cylindrical articulations in A-III. A-I to posterior peristomial ring; A-II and A-I 11 to setiger 2. Peristomium slightly flaring anteriorly, with distinct muscular lower lip. Separation between rings visible ventrally, slightly better marked dorsally; anterior ring 4 /s of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring, digitiform, with 3 cylindrical rings. Maxillary formula 1+1,4+5, 7+0, 2+7, and 1+1. Mx III part of distal arc with left Mx IV. Left Mx IV continued as edentate plate behind Mx III. Mx VI absent. Branchiae (Figure 94b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from setiger 5 to setiger 100. Branchiae present to near posterior end, present on more than 65% of total number of setigers. First 3 and last 10 pairs single filaments; maximum 14 filaments at about setiger 20. First 2 pairs short, nearly button-shaped. Branchial stems long, erect, often curved in half corkscrew posteriorly. Filaments short, slender. Neuropodial acicular lobes distally rounded, very low; aciculac emerging at midlinc. All pre- and postsetal lobes follow outline of acicular lobes closely. First 4 ventral cirri tapering. Ventral cirri with inflated bases between setigers 5 and 50. Inflated bases thick, transverse welts; narrow tips short and button-shaped. Posterior to setiger 50 ventral cirri becoming tapering, increasing in relative length, becoming about as long as notopodial cirri in last setigers present First 50 notopodial cirri basally distinctly inflated, with decreasing numbers of articulations, up to 4 articulations; last articulated notopodial cirrus in setiger 55. Posterior notopodial cirri increasingly slender, decreasing in length to roughly 2 /3 of length in anterior setigers. Limbate setae marginally smooth. Median pectinate setae (Figure 94c) flaring, flat. One marginal tooth distinctly longer than other teeth; -15 teeth present. Compound falcigers (Figure 94e) very large. Shafts tapering, marginally smooth. Appendages tapering, with large heads, bidentate. Proximal teeth longer than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth tapering relatively abruptly, distinctly bent. Guards symmetrically rounded, marginally serrated; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae paired, with brown cores and clear sheaths, tapering; cross-sections round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 94d) with brown cores and clear sheaths, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 19, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Hooks very slender, tapering to small head. Proximal teeth very much larger than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth slender, curved. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA- TURES.—None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 4,6. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Eunice purpurea is compared to similar species in Tables 27 and 30. Of species listed in Table 30 with 10 or more branchial filaments where the branchiae are best developed, E.flavopicta and E. reducta lack articulations in the peristomial cirri. The other heavily branchiated species have such articulations. Posterior ventral cirri are basally inflated in E. coccinea, widely triangular, nearly scoop-shaped in E. laticeps and E. violaceomaculata, tapering from narrow bases in E. purpurea, and unknown for E. macrobranchia. Eunice purpurea appears to have the branchiae distinctly outreaching the notopodial cirri; in E. macrobranchia the notopodial cirri are of about the same length as the branchiae. The juvenile has lost all antennae; branchiae are present from setiger 5 and continued to near the posterior end. Where best developed at setiger 15, each branchia with two relatively long filaments. Aciculae and subacicular hooks brown; the latter are present from setiger 15. The juvenile very probably belongs to the same species as the larger specimen, but this cannot be confirmed presently. 165. Eunice pyenobranchiata Mclntosh, 1885 FIGURE 95a-f; TABLES 14,27,32 Eunice pyenobranchiata Mclntosh, 1885:294-297, figs. 54, 55, pi. 39: figs. 13-15, pi. 21 A: figs. 4,5.—Fauchald, 1986:253-255, figs. 56-61. Eunice tentaculata.—Fauvel, 1917:269 [in part, not Eunice tentaculata Kinberg, 1865, nor Eunice tentaculata Quatrefages, 1866]. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Three syntypes, BM(NH) ZK 1921.5.1.1997, Challenger sta 162, off East Moncoeur land, Bass Strait, 39°10'30"S, 146°37'E, 69 m, dredged, sand and shells, 2 Apr 1874. One syntype, BM(NH) ZK 1921.5.1.1998, Challenger sta 163A, Twofold Bay, between Melbourne and Sydney, 36°59'S, 150°20 / E, 274 m, trawled, green mud. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The syntype from Twofold Bay was the one examined in detail by Mclntosh; most of the description is based on this specimen. The specimen has been frontally dissected and the jaws are now missing. DESCRIPTION.—Syntype described incomplete with 63 setigers; length 50 mm; maximal width 8 mm; length through setiger 10, 12 mm. Other syntype incomplete with 76 setigers; length 55 mm; maximal width 10 mm; length through setiger 10, 10 mm. Prostomium (Figure 95a,b) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than x fa as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median sulcus deep. Antennae in a horseshoe, with A-III isolated by a
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
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NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
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NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
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NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
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NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
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NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 241 and 242: NUMBER 523 229 FIGURE 76.—Eunice
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
Page 253 and 254: NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256: NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258: NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
Page 259 and 260: NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
Page 261 and 262: NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
Page 267 and 268: NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
Page 269 and 270: NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
Page 271 and 272: NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
Page 273 and 274: NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
Page 275 and 276: NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
Page 279 and 280: NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
Page 281 and 282: NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
Page 283 and 284: NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
Page 285 and 286: NUMBER 523 273 TABLE 13.—Variable
Page 289 and 290: NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
Page 291: NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
Page 295 and 296: NUMBER 523 283 TABLE 14.—Variable
Page 297 and 298: NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
Page 299 and 300: NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
Page 303 and 304: NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
Page 307 and 308: NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
Page 309 and 310: NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
Page 311 and 312: NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 315 and 316: NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
Page 317 and 318: NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
Page 319 and 320: NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
Page 323 and 324: NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
Page 325 and 326: NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
Page 327 and 328: NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
Page 329 and 330: NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
Page 331 and 332: NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
Page 333 and 334: NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
Page 337 and 338: NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
Page 339 and 340: NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
Page 341 and 342: NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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