A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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270 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY .05 .1 1 r. P FIGURE 90.—Eunice plicata (holotypc, BM(NH) ZH 1861.9.20.25): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, parapodium 46, anterior view; c, compound falciger, parapodium 46; d, pectinate seta, parapodium 46; e, subacicular hook, parapodium 46. (Scale bars in mm.) 1861.9.20.25, Fremantle, Australia, coll. Bowerbank. DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete with 126 setigers; total length 80 mm long; maximal width 5 mm; length through setiger 10, 8 mm. Prostomium (Figure 90a) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than V2 as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally excavate with a thickened rim; median sulcus deep. Antennae in a horseshoe,
NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles very thick, digitiform, with 2 or 3 long, cylindrical articulations. A-I to posterior edge of anterior peristomial ring; A-I I and A-I 11 to setiger 2. Peristomium anteriorly flared; lower lip muscular and very distinct. Separation between rings distinct only dorsally; anterior ring ~ 9 /io of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring, without articulations. Maxillary formula 1+1,4+4, 6+0, 6+7, and 1+1. Branchiae (Figure 90b) present, palmate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, flexible. Branchiae from setiger 7 to setiger 115. Branchiae present to near posterior end, present on more than 65% of total number of setigers. Last 30 branchiae single filaments; maximum 5 filaments present. Branchial stems very short; branchiae appearing nearly palmately branching. Filaments short, thick, shorter than notopodial cirri in all but a few median segments. Neuropodial acicular lobes triangular; aciculae emerging at midline. All presetal lobes low, transverse folds. Anterior postsctal lobes free, as long as acicular lobes, following outline of acicular lobes by setiger 30, similar to presetal folds in posterior setigers. Anterior ventral cirri thick, tapering, as long as postsetal lobe, becoming strongly inflated in median setigers. Inflated bases thick, transverse welts; narrow tips short and button-shaped. By setiger 50 ventral cirrus present only as inflated glandular ridges ventral to neuropodia; narrow tips absent. All notopodial cirri thick, basally somewhat inflated, with 2 or 3 distinct articulations. Pectinate setae (Figure 90d) flared, flat. One marginal tooth slightly than other teeth; -15 teeth present. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 90c) tapering, marginally smooth. Appendage short, triangular, head distinct, bidentate. Proximal teeth shorter than distal teeth, tapering, directed laterally. Distal teeth tapering, curved, directed laterally. Guards symmetrically bluntly pointed; margins smooth; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Notopodial aciculae black. Neuropodial aciculae up to 3 in a neuropodium, black, tapering, bluntly pointed, straight; cross-section round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 90e) black, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 25, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Hooks tapering; both teeth of about same size, directed distally. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Relationship between Mx III and left Mx IV; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATE OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA- TURES.—Mx III short, forming part of distal arc with left Mx rv. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 60. Unknown Characters: 4,6, 13, 14,42, 51, 74, 78. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—As far as is known, this species has remained unreported since it was briefly described by Baird (1869); it belongs to group B-2 (Fauchald, 1970). Relations between E. plicata and similar taxa are indicated in Tables 27 and 29. It is the only species in Table 29 other than E. kinbergi to have the ventral cirri basally inflated throughout the body. It can be separated from the latter on the structure of the prostomium, which is bilobate in E. plicata and quadrilobate in E. kinbergi. 160. Eunice polybranchia (Verrill, 1880) FIGURE 91a-h; TABLES 13,27,28 Ltodice polybranchia Venill, 1880:358; 1881:323; 1885:428-429. Eunice floriaana.—Hartman, 1942:49-50, 52 [in part, not Eunice floridana Ehlers, 1887]. Eunice norvegica.—Pettibone, 1963:240-242, fig. 63f [in part, not Nereis norvegica Linnaeus, 1767]. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Lectotype and 6 paralectotypes, YPM 2731, Fish Hawk sta 871, 40°02'54"N, 70°23'40"W, 210 m, fine sand with some mud, dredged. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The description is based on two incomplete specimens; variability of the species has been indicated in Table 13. DESCRIPTION.—Long syntype incomplete with 85 setigers; length 52 mm; maximal width 3 mm; length through setiger 10, 8 mm. Short syntype incomplete with 42 setigers; length 23 mm; maximal width 3 mm; length through setiger 10, 8 mm. Prostomium (Figure 91a) distinctly shorter than peristomium, about as wide as peristomium, as deep as x li of the peristomium. Prostomial lobes thick, frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median sulcus shallow. Eyes between bases of A-I and A-I I, dark. Antennae in a horseshoe, with A-I isolated by a gap, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles tapering, without articulations, sometimes with contraction rings. A-I to posterior peristomial ring or to setiger 1; A-I I to setigers 4-6; A-I 11 to setigers 6-11; A-III broken. Peristomium cylindrical, with distinctly inflated lower lip. Separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 4 /s of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to posterior part of prostomium, tapering, without articulations. Maxillary formula 1+1,6+5,8+0, 5+9, and 1+1. Mx III long, located behind left Mx II. Mx VI absent Branchiae (Figure 91e) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from setigers 7-8 to last of segments present (85 setigers). First branchia short, tapering filaments; maximum 5 filaments reached at about setiger 15 and maintained over next 10-15 setigers. Filaments thick, stiff, bent posteriorly, so branchiae project over next posterior intersegmental furrow. All neuropodial acicular lobes conical; anterior acicular lobes asymmetrical, becoming more and more symmetrical in median setigers (Figure 9In); aciculae emerging at tip of acicular lobes. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. First 4 ventral cirri thick and tapering. From about setiger 5 ventral cirri basally inflated; from about setiger 15 through
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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Page 159 and 160:
NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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Page 163 and 164:
NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170:
NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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Page 189 and 190:
NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
Page 231 and 232: NUMBER 523 219 TABLE 8.—Variable
Page 233 and 234: NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 241 and 242: NUMBER 523 229 FIGURE 76.—Eunice
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
Page 253 and 254: NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256: NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258: NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
Page 259 and 260: NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
Page 261 and 262: NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
Page 267 and 268: NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
Page 269 and 270: NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
Page 271 and 272: NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
Page 273 and 274: NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
Page 275 and 276: NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
Page 279 and 280: NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
Page 281: NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
Page 289 and 290: NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
Page 291 and 292: NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
Page 293 and 294: NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
Page 297 and 298: NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
Page 299 and 300: NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
Page 303 and 304: NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
Page 307 and 308: NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
Page 309 and 310: NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
Page 311 and 312: NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 315 and 316: NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
Page 317 and 318: NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
Page 319 and 320: NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
Page 323 and 324: NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
Page 325 and 326: NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
Page 327 and 328: NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
Page 329 and 330: NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
Page 331 and 332: NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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