A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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264 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY Three species of Eunice arc associated with ahermatypic coral reefs off Norway; all of these are present on the reef at Storskjaer in the Oslofjord (Inger Winsnes, pers. comm.). These species are readily identified: one has branchiae along most of body and black subacicular hooks (£. norvegicd); the two other species have branchiae limited to a short anterior region. The two latter species are separable on a variety of features, but perhaps most easily on the fact that one has yellow (£. pennata), the other dark brown or black subacicular hooks and aciculae (£. dubitata). Some confusion has arisen as to the identity of £. pennata as opposed to E. pinnata. Traditionally, E. pennata has been assigned to a species in group A-l sensu Fauchald (1970). Nothing in Miiller's description contradicts this tradition; for that reason, this tradition is here accepted. Nereis pinnata (= Eunice pinnata auctores) is treated below. As the first described species in group A-l, E. pennata has been widely reported and appeared at one time to have a bipolar distribution. Records of this species from the southern hemisphere (cf. Hartman, 1964:118, 1967:99) have yet to be confirmed. Perhaps the most unique feature of the species is the presence of ring-shaped bases in posterior notopodia; this is a feature that has been reported from only one other species of Eunice (£. nicidioformis); it resembles the structure of the notopodia among onuphids more than in the eunicids. Eunice pennata is listed with similar species in Tables 19 and 20. Of species listed in Table 20, the following have branchiae starting on setiger 3: E. biannulata, E. caeca, E. kobiensis, E. mexicana, E. pennata, E. segregata, E. valens, and E. websteri; the other species have branchiae first present from setiger 4 or later. Of the species listed, E. caeca has as many as 24 branchial filaments where the branchiae are best developed; E. mexicana has 18 filaments; E. biannulata and E. kobiensis have 8 filaments; the remaining species have 11-15 filaments where the branchiae are best developed. Eunice pennata and E. websteri have distally moniliform or dropshaped articulations in the ceratostyles; E. segregata and E. valens have cylindrical articulations. In E. pennata the first five branchiae are single filaments; in £. websteri only one anterior segment has single filaments. In contrast, at the posterior end of the branchiated region, £. pennata has two segments with single filaments; £. websteri has 10 segments. Note that £. pennata is the only species in Table 20 with distinct ring-shaped notopodial bases in posterior notopodia. 154. Eunice perimensis Gravier, 1900 FIGURE 88a-c; TABLES 33, 39 Eunice perimensis Gravier, 1900:239-242, figs. 94-99, pi. 12: figs. 61, 62. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, MNHN, Paris, Red Sea, Par, Perimen, 1894, coll. J. Jousseaume. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The anterior end was been compressed dorsoventrally to evert pharynx during fixation and is distorted as illustrated. DESCRIPTION.—Holotype incomplete with 79 setigers; length 50 mm; maximal width 5 mm at setiger 70; length through setiger 10, 10 mm. Anterior part of body cylindrical; becoming strongly dorsoventrally flattened by setiger 10; segments short; crowded. Prostomium (Figure 88a) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than V2 as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally truncate, dorsally somewhat flattened; median sulcus deep. Eyes between bases of A-I and A-II. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles slender and tapering, without articulations. No antennae reaching beyond anterior pcristomial ring; A-I shortest; A-I 11 longest. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring -2/$ of total pcristomial length, possibly distorted. Pcristomial cirri to middle of anterior pcristomial ring, without articulations. Maxillary formula 1 + 1,4+4,7+0,4+7, 1 + 1. Left Mx IV very small; part of distal arc with Mx 111 and left Mx V. Jaws heavily calcified. Branchiae (Figure 88b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, flexible. Branchiae present from setiger 17 to end of fragment. All but first branchia with 2 or more filaments; maximum 8 filaments from about setiger 30 to end. Branchial stems slender, tapering and flexible. Filaments distinctly longer than notopodial cirri except in first branchial segments. Neuropodial acicular lobes distally truncate to rounded; aciculae emerging at midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. First 9 ventral cirri tapering. Ventral cirri distinctly basally inflated by setiger 10. Inflated bases moderate, ovate; narrow tips tapering. Ventral cirri remaining basally inflated through rest of fragment. Notopodial cirri supported by internal aciculae. Prebranchial notopodial cirri long, digitiform, not increasing in length through prebranchial region, becoming slightly medially inflated in last prebranchial segments, becoming reduced in length in branchial region, without articulations. Limbate setae slender, distinctly frayed. Shafts of pectinate setae (Figure 88c) slender, blades slightly furled, flared. One marginal tooth longer than all other teeth; -20 teeth present. Posterior fascicles with up to 10 pectinate setae each. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 88d) distally inflated, with distinct peak, marginally smooth. Appendages short with very large distinct heads, bidentate. Proximal teeth slightly longer than distal teeth, triangular, directed slightly basally. Distal teeth curved. Guards symmetrically rounded, marginally smooth; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae usually single, sometimes paired, light to dark brown, thick, tapering, straight, projecting well beyond tip of parapodia in posterior setigers; cross-section round. Separation of cores and sheaths indistinct in both
NUMBER 523 265 FIGURE 88.—Eunice perimtnsis (holotype, MNHN): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, parapodium 52, anterior view; c, pectinate seta, parapodium 52; d, compound falciger, parapodium 52; e, subacicular hook, parapodium 52. Eunice perrieri (holotype, MNHN): f, anterior end, lateral view; g, compound falciger, parapodium 75; h, subacicular hook, parapodium 75; i, pectinate seta, parapodium 75; j, parapodium 75, anterior view. (Scale bars in mm.) aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 88e) light to dark brown, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 28, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Hooks tapering towards very small heads. Proximal teeth slightly thicker than distal teeth; both teeth directed distally. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—All features associated with posterior setigers; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA- TURES.—None.
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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Page 159 and 160:
NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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Page 163 and 164:
NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170:
NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
Page 225 and 226: NUMBER 523 213 TABLE 7.—Variable
Page 227 and 228: NUMBER 523 215 FIGURE 71.—Eunice
Page 229 and 230: NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
Page 233 and 234: NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
Page 253 and 254: NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256: NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258: NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
Page 259 and 260: NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
Page 261 and 262: NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
Page 267 and 268: NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
Page 269 and 270: NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
Page 271 and 272: NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
Page 273 and 274: NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
Page 275: NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
Page 279 and 280: NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
Page 281 and 282: NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
Page 283 and 284: NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
Page 289 and 290: NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
Page 291 and 292: NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
Page 293 and 294: NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
Page 297 and 298: NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
Page 299 and 300: NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
Page 303 and 304: NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
Page 307 and 308: NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
Page 309 and 310: NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
Page 311 and 312: NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 315 and 316: NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
Page 317 and 318: NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
Page 319 and 320: NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
Page 323 and 324: NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
Page 325 and 326: NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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