A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

264 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Three species of Eunice arc associated with ahermatypic
coral reefs off Norway; all of these are present on the reef at
Storskjaer in the Oslofjord (Inger Winsnes, pers. comm.). These
species are readily identified: one has branchiae along most of
body and black subacicular hooks (£. norvegicd); the two other
species have branchiae limited to a short anterior region. The
two latter species are separable on a variety of features, but
perhaps most easily on the fact that one has yellow (£.
pennata), the other dark brown or black subacicular hooks and
aciculae (£. dubitata).
Some confusion has arisen as to the identity of £. pennata as
opposed to E. pinnata. Traditionally, E. pennata has been
assigned to a species in group A-l sensu Fauchald (1970).
Nothing in Miiller's description contradicts this tradition; for
that reason, this tradition is here accepted. Nereis pinnata (=
Eunice pinnata auctores) is treated below.
As the first described species in group A-l, E. pennata has
been widely reported and appeared at one time to have a bipolar
distribution. Records of this species from the southern
hemisphere (cf. Hartman, 1964:118, 1967:99) have yet to be
confirmed.
Perhaps the most unique feature of the species is the presence
of ring-shaped bases in posterior notopodia; this is a feature
that has been reported from only one other species of Eunice (£.
nicidioformis); it resembles the structure of the notopodia
among onuphids more than in the eunicids.
Eunice pennata is listed with similar species in Tables 19
and 20. Of species listed in Table 20, the following have
branchiae starting on setiger 3: E. biannulata, E. caeca, E.
kobiensis, E. mexicana, E. pennata, E. segregata, E. valens,
and E. websteri; the other species have branchiae first present
from setiger 4 or later. Of the species listed, E. caeca has as
many as 24 branchial filaments where the branchiae are best
developed; E. mexicana has 18 filaments; E. biannulata and E.
kobiensis have 8 filaments; the remaining species have 11-15
filaments where the branchiae are best developed. Eunice
pennata and E. websteri have distally moniliform or dropshaped
articulations in the ceratostyles; E. segregata and E.
valens have cylindrical articulations. In E. pennata the first five
branchiae are single filaments; in £. websteri only one anterior
segment has single filaments. In contrast, at the posterior end of
the branchiated region, £. pennata has two segments with
single filaments; £. websteri has 10 segments. Note that £.
pennata is the only species in Table 20 with distinct
ring-shaped notopodial bases in posterior notopodia.
154. Eunice perimensis Gravier, 1900
FIGURE 88a-c; TABLES 33, 39
Eunice perimensis Gravier, 1900:239-242, figs. 94-99, pi. 12: figs. 61, 62.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, MNHN, Paris, Red Sea,
Par, Perimen, 1894, coll. J. Jousseaume.
COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The anterior end
was been compressed dorsoventrally to evert pharynx during
fixation and is distorted as illustrated.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype incomplete with 79 setigers;
length 50 mm; maximal width 5 mm at setiger 70; length
through setiger 10, 10 mm. Anterior part of body cylindrical;
becoming strongly dorsoventrally flattened by setiger 10;
segments short; crowded.
Prostomium (Figure 88a) distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, less than V2 as deep as peristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally truncate, dorsally somewhat flattened;
median sulcus deep. Eyes between bases of A-I and A-II.
Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness.
Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations.
Ceratostyles slender and tapering, without articulations. No
antennae reaching beyond anterior pcristomial ring; A-I
shortest; A-I 11 longest. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation
between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring -2/$
of total pcristomial length, possibly distorted. Pcristomial cirri
to middle of anterior pcristomial ring, without articulations.
Maxillary formula 1 + 1,4+4,7+0,4+7, 1 + 1. Left Mx IV very
small; part of distal arc with Mx 111 and left Mx V. Jaws heavily
calcified.
Branchiae (Figure 88b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, flexible.
Branchiae present from setiger 17 to end of fragment. All but
first branchia with 2 or more filaments; maximum 8 filaments
from about setiger 30 to end. Branchial stems slender, tapering
and flexible. Filaments distinctly longer than notopodial cirri
except in first branchial segments.
Neuropodial acicular lobes distally truncate to rounded;
aciculae emerging at midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low,
transverse folds. First 9 ventral cirri tapering. Ventral cirri
distinctly basally inflated by setiger 10. Inflated bases
moderate, ovate; narrow tips tapering. Ventral cirri remaining
basally inflated through rest of fragment. Notopodial cirri
supported by internal aciculae. Prebranchial notopodial cirri
long, digitiform, not increasing in length through prebranchial
region, becoming slightly medially inflated in last prebranchial
segments, becoming reduced in length in branchial region,
without articulations.
Limbate setae slender, distinctly frayed. Shafts of pectinate
setae (Figure 88c) slender, blades slightly furled, flared. One
marginal tooth longer than all other teeth; -20 teeth present.
Posterior fascicles with up to 10 pectinate setae each. Shafts of
compound falcigers (Figure 88d) distally inflated, with distinct
peak, marginally smooth. Appendages short with very large
distinct heads, bidentate. Proximal teeth slightly longer than
distal teeth, triangular, directed slightly basally. Distal teeth
curved. Guards symmetrically rounded, marginally smooth;
mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound
spinigers absent. Aciculae usually single, sometimes paired,
light to dark brown, thick, tapering, straight, projecting well
beyond tip of parapodia in posterior setigers; cross-section
round. Separation of cores and sheaths indistinct in both