A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

NUMBER 523 263
papeetensis has expanded and knobbed aciculae and E.
pellucida has distinctly hammer-headed aciculae. Branchiae are
distinctly pectinate in E. pellucida and palmate in E.
papeetensis.
153. Eunice pennata (Muller, 1776)
FIGURE 87g-p; TABLES 19, 20
Nereis pennata Muller, 1776:217; 1779:60-61, pi. 29: figs. 1-3.
Leodice nonvegica Lamarck, 1818:323.—Savigny, 1820:51.—Audouin and
Milne Edwards, 1833:219.—Orsted, 1845:402, 406, pi. 2: figs. 13-15.—
Grube, 1850:202 [in part, not Nereis norvegica Linnaeus, 1767].
Eunice pennata.—Fauvel, 1923:400-401, fig.156h-o.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—TWO specimens, USNM 97393,
Storskjaer, Oslofjorden, Norway, 8 June 1982, dredged, coll.
and id. Inger Winsnes.
DESCRIPTION.—Both specimens complete, mature females
with large oocytes in body cavity. Specimen illustrated with
114 setigers; total length 73 mm; maximal width 3 mm; length
through setiger 10, 7.5 mm. Other specimen in posterior
regeneration, with 100 setigers; last 20 in regenerating portion;
length 57 mm long of which 9 mm in regenerating portion;
maximal width 5 mm wide; length through setiger 10, 9 mm.
Body dorsally strongly convex with flattened ventral surface,
tapering abruptly frontally and slowly towards posterior end.
Anal cirri slender, without articulations; long ones as long as
last 3-4 setigers in illustrated specimen.
Prostomium (Figure 87g) distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, less than x li as deep as peristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally obliquely truncate, dorsally inflated;
median sulcus shallow. Eyes lateral to bases of A-I I, purple.
Antennae in a horseshoe, with A-III isolated by a gap, with A-I
thicker than other 3. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae,
without articulations. Ceratostyles slender and tapering to fine
tips, with long, irregularly spaced articulations; in A-I
articulations drop-shaped distally. A-III lost or incomplete in
both specimens. A-I to posterior peristomial ring; A-I I to
setiger 4 or 5. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between
rings distinct on all sides, but especially well marked dorsally
and ventrally; anterior ring 2 /3 of total peristomial length.
Peristomial cirri to middle of prostomium, slender, with 3 or 4
irregular, but relatively long articulations.
Maxillary formula (examined in one specimen only) 1+1,
6+7, 9+0, 6+11, and 1+1. Mx III long, located behind left Mx
II. Teeth of Mx II relatively coarse and triangular; other teeth
small, even in size and distally blunt.
Branchiae (Figure 87h,k) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 3 to setiger 39 or 41. Branchiae
terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55%
of total number of setigers. First 5 and last 2 pairs single
filaments; maximally 12 filaments at about setiger 15.
Branchial stems slender, erect, tapering. Filaments shorter than
notopodial cirri. All filaments flattened, medially expanded,
with knife-shaped tips.
Prebranchial and branchial neuropodial acicular lobes
obliquely truncate with aciculae emerging from upper, higher
part. Postbranchial acicular lobes (Figure 87p) obliquely
rounded. All presetal lobes low, slightly excavate, transverse
folds. Prebranchial and branchial postsetal lobes free, symmetrically
rounded lobes, visible behind acicular lobes in most
setigers; postbranchial postsetal lobes following outline of
acicular lobes closely. Anterior ventral cirri relatively slender,
tapering, becoming basally inflated from about setiger 6-7, but
even in first setigers, distal tips set off from remainder of
ventral cirri by a groove. Inflated bases ovate, rather modest;
narrow tips very large and tapering. From about setiger 35 basal
inflation gradually lost, absent from about setiger 40. Posterior
ventral cirri slender, tapering, nearly conical. Anterior notopodial
cirri long, digitiform, with 3 to 4 articulations reduced to 1
to 2 in early branchiated setigers. In branchial region
notopodial cirri more distinctly tapering, gradually loosing all
traces of articulations. Postbranchial notopodia with distinct
ring-shaped bases and slender, tapering notopodial cirrostyles.
Limbate setae marginally smooth. Pectinate setae (Figure
87j,m,n) tapering, flat. One marginal tooth longer than other
teeth; number of teeth increasing from 8 to 12 from anterior to
posterior setigers. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 87i,l)
inflated, internally striated, marginally serrated. Appendages
tapering, bidentate. Proximal teeth smaller than distal teeth,
broadly triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth nearly erect or
gently curved. Guards asymmetrically sharply pointed in
anterior setigers, becoming symmetrically sharply pointed in
median and posterior setigers, marginally serrated in median
and posterior setigers; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers
and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae usually paired,
yellow, tapering to slender tips, gently curved or straight;
cross-section round. Separation of cores and sheaths indistinct
in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks
(Figure 87o) yellow, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger
35 or 43, present in all setigers thereafter, sometimes paired.
Hooks tapering to small heads. Proximal teeth larger than distal
teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth nearly erect.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—None.
EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA-
TURES.—None.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 4,6, 23.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Muller first mentioned this species in a brief
note (1776) and then expanded the description in 1779; the
types are lost, but the type locality was given as Storskjaer in
Christianiafjord (= Oslofjord). In the 1779 publication Muller
also describes a Nereis pinnata from Madrepora pertusa reefs
and refers to Nereis noruegica (note spelling) and Nereis
madreporae pertusae of Gunnerus as synonyms of his Nereis
pennata.