A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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262 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY FIGURE 87.—Eunice pelluclda (syntype, RM Typ 433): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, aciculae, parapodium 54; c, subacicular hook, parapodium 54; d, pectinate seta, parapodium 54; e, compound falciger, parapodium 54; f, parapodium 54, anterior view. Eunice pennata (USNM 97393): g, anterior end, lateral view; h, parapodium 3, anterior view; i, compound falciger, parapodium 3; j, pectinate seta, parapodium 3; k, parapodium 20, anterior view; 1, compound falciger, parapodium 20; m, pectinate seta, parapodium 20; n, pectinate seta, parapodium 50; o, subacicular hook, parapodium 50; p, parapodium 50, anterior view. (Scale bars in mm.)
NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expanded and knobbed aciculae and E. pellucida has distinctly hammer-headed aciculae. Branchiae are distinctly pectinate in E. pellucida and palmate in E. papeetensis. 153. Eunice pennata (Muller, 1776) FIGURE 87g-p; TABLES 19, 20 Nereis pennata Muller, 1776:217; 1779:60-61, pi. 29: figs. 1-3. Leodice nonvegica Lamarck, 1818:323.—Savigny, 1820:51.—Audouin and Milne Edwards, 1833:219.—Orsted, 1845:402, 406, pi. 2: figs. 13-15.— Grube, 1850:202 [in part, not Nereis norvegica Linnaeus, 1767]. Eunice pennata.—Fauvel, 1923:400-401, fig.156h-o. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—TWO specimens, USNM 97393, Storskjaer, Oslofjorden, Norway, 8 June 1982, dredged, coll. and id. Inger Winsnes. DESCRIPTION.—Both specimens complete, mature females with large oocytes in body cavity. Specimen illustrated with 114 setigers; total length 73 mm; maximal width 3 mm; length through setiger 10, 7.5 mm. Other specimen in posterior regeneration, with 100 setigers; last 20 in regenerating portion; length 57 mm long of which 9 mm in regenerating portion; maximal width 5 mm wide; length through setiger 10, 9 mm. Body dorsally strongly convex with flattened ventral surface, tapering abruptly frontally and slowly towards posterior end. Anal cirri slender, without articulations; long ones as long as last 3-4 setigers in illustrated specimen. Prostomium (Figure 87g) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than x li as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally obliquely truncate, dorsally inflated; median sulcus shallow. Eyes lateral to bases of A-I I, purple. Antennae in a horseshoe, with A-III isolated by a gap, with A-I thicker than other 3. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles slender and tapering to fine tips, with long, irregularly spaced articulations; in A-I articulations drop-shaped distally. A-III lost or incomplete in both specimens. A-I to posterior peristomial ring; A-I I to setiger 4 or 5. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on all sides, but especially well marked dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 2 /3 of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of prostomium, slender, with 3 or 4 irregular, but relatively long articulations. Maxillary formula (examined in one specimen only) 1+1, 6+7, 9+0, 6+11, and 1+1. Mx III long, located behind left Mx II. Teeth of Mx II relatively coarse and triangular; other teeth small, even in size and distally blunt. Branchiae (Figure 87h,k) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from setiger 3 to setiger 39 or 41. Branchiae terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55% of total number of setigers. First 5 and last 2 pairs single filaments; maximally 12 filaments at about setiger 15. Branchial stems slender, erect, tapering. Filaments shorter than notopodial cirri. All filaments flattened, medially expanded, with knife-shaped tips. Prebranchial and branchial neuropodial acicular lobes obliquely truncate with aciculae emerging from upper, higher part. Postbranchial acicular lobes (Figure 87p) obliquely rounded. All presetal lobes low, slightly excavate, transverse folds. Prebranchial and branchial postsetal lobes free, symmetrically rounded lobes, visible behind acicular lobes in most setigers; postbranchial postsetal lobes following outline of acicular lobes closely. Anterior ventral cirri relatively slender, tapering, becoming basally inflated from about setiger 6-7, but even in first setigers, distal tips set off from remainder of ventral cirri by a groove. Inflated bases ovate, rather modest; narrow tips very large and tapering. From about setiger 35 basal inflation gradually lost, absent from about setiger 40. Posterior ventral cirri slender, tapering, nearly conical. Anterior notopodial cirri long, digitiform, with 3 to 4 articulations reduced to 1 to 2 in early branchiated setigers. In branchial region notopodial cirri more distinctly tapering, gradually loosing all traces of articulations. Postbranchial notopodia with distinct ring-shaped bases and slender, tapering notopodial cirrostyles. Limbate setae marginally smooth. Pectinate setae (Figure 87j,m,n) tapering, flat. One marginal tooth longer than other teeth; number of teeth increasing from 8 to 12 from anterior to posterior setigers. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 87i,l) inflated, internally striated, marginally serrated. Appendages tapering, bidentate. Proximal teeth smaller than distal teeth, broadly triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth nearly erect or gently curved. Guards asymmetrically sharply pointed in anterior setigers, becoming symmetrically sharply pointed in median and posterior setigers, marginally serrated in median and posterior setigers; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae usually paired, yellow, tapering to slender tips, gently curved or straight; cross-section round. Separation of cores and sheaths indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 87o) yellow, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 35 or 43, present in all setigers thereafter, sometimes paired. Hooks tapering to small heads. Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth nearly erect. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—None. EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA- TURES.—None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 4,6, 23. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Muller first mentioned this species in a brief note (1776) and then expanded the description in 1779; the types are lost, but the type locality was given as Storskjaer in Christianiafjord (= Oslofjord). In the 1779 publication Muller also describes a Nereis pinnata from Madrepora pertusa reefs and refers to Nereis noruegica (note spelling) and Nereis madreporae pertusae of Gunnerus as synonyms of his Nereis pennata.
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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Page 159 and 160:
NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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Page 163 and 164:
NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
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NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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Page 219 and 220:
NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
Page 223 and 224: NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
Page 225 and 226: NUMBER 523 213 TABLE 7.—Variable
Page 227 and 228: NUMBER 523 215 FIGURE 71.—Eunice
Page 229 and 230: NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
Page 233 and 234: NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
Page 253 and 254: NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256: NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258: NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
Page 259 and 260: NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
Page 261 and 262: NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
Page 267 and 268: NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
Page 269 and 270: NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
Page 271 and 272: NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
Page 273: NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
Page 279 and 280: NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
Page 281 and 282: NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
Page 283 and 284: NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
Page 289 and 290: NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
Page 291 and 292: NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
Page 293 and 294: NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
Page 297 and 298: NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
Page 299 and 300: NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
Page 303 and 304: NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
Page 307 and 308: NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
Page 309 and 310: NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
Page 311 and 312: NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 315 and 316: NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
Page 317 and 318: NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
Page 319 and 320: NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
Page 323 and 324: NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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