A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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256 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY the first start of the branchiae. Eunice denticulata has the reverse relationship, with the branchiae starling about 10 segments later than the subacicular hooks; in three species, E. parvibranchis, E. paupera, and E. spongicola, the branchiae and the subacicular hooks start within a few segments of each other. Among these three species, E. spongicola has hammerheaded aciculae; E. parvibranchis and presumably E. paupera have pointed aciculae. The latter is poorly known, but has, as described, about half the number of teeth in each of the maxillae. Eunice parvibranchis appears to differ from most other species in the group by having brown, rather than black aciculae and subacicular hooks and by the fact that the color of the aciculae is lighter towards the posterior than in the anterior end, a reverse of the customary condition in the genus. Eunice paucibranchis Grube, 1866 FIGURE 85a-c Eunice paucibranchis Grube, 1866a:64. Eunice austral is.—Grube, 1870a:294-295 [not Eunice australis Quatrefages, 1866]. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, ZMH V-805, Samoa, ZMB Q 3434, 3 parapodia in 2 vials, Samoa. REMARKS.—The specimen from Hamburg is a posterior end of a large specimen. It is completely branchiated with maximally five very short branchial filaments, with black aciculae and subacicular hooks; the latter are bidentate. The three parapodia in ZMB Q 3434 have large branchiae (Figure 85a) with up to 10 branchial filaments arranged on a stiff branchial stem. Ventral cirri are basally inflated with thick, tapering tips. Notopodial cirri are short and tapering. Limbatc setae are marginally smooth. Pectinate setae (Figure 85c) taper and are flat. One marginal tooth is longer than other teeth and about 15 teeth are present. Shafts of the compound falcigers (Figure 85b) are slightly inflated and lack marginal serrations. The appendages are triangular. Proximal teeth are short and triangular. The distal teeth are nearly erect. Guards are distally asymmetrically bluntly pointed. Aciculae are light brown or chestnut colored and taper distally to a blunt, straight tip. Subacicular hooks are not present in any of the parapodia. The parapodia from Berlin do not belong to the same species as the posterior end from Hamburg judging from the color of the aciculae. Neither parapodia nor posterior end can belong to E. australis as suggested by Grube (1870). Eunice australis has yellow, tridentate subacicular hooks (Fauchald, 1986). Eunice paucibranchis is here considered indeterminable. 148. Eunice paupera Grube, 1878 TABLES 33,39 Eunice paupera Grube, 1878b:160-161. Eunice afra paupera.—Fauvel in Pruvot, 1930:69.—Fauvel, 1930a:537. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL.—No type material is available. This form has been recorded as a subspecies of E. afra, separated from the main form primarily by the reduced branchiae (Fauvel, 1930b, 1932; Fauchald, 1970). DESCRIPTION.—Type with 127 setigers. Ceratostyles digitiform, without articulations, barely longer than prostomium. Anterior peristomial ring 4 /s of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri short Maxillary formula 1+1,4+3,4+0,2+6, and presumably 1+1. Branchiae present, palmate. Branchiae present from setiger 23; maximum 3 filaments. First 3 ventral cirri tapering. Ventral cirri basally inflated in mid body, again becoming tapering in second half of body. Notopodial cirri long in first 4 setigers, as long as antennae, thereafter relatively short through remainder of pa-branchial and early branchial setigers, increasing in length in segments with bifid and trifld branchiae, decreasing in length in far posterior setigers. Notopodial cirri without articulations. Compound falcigers with short, bidentate appendages. Pscudocompound falcigers and compound spinigcrs absent. Aciculae black. Subacicular hooks black, bidentate, first present from setiger 23. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Most prostomial and peristomial features; relationship between Mx III and left Mx IV; most parapodial and sctal features; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.— None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 22, 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 2-19, 24, 25, 28, 29, 32-34, 36-40, 42-50, 52, 54, 55, 60,65-68, 70, 74-76, 78, 81, 82. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Eunice paupera clearly belongs to group B-4 and has been rather widely reported (Fauvel, 1930a, 1953). Fauvel apparently used the name E. afra paupera as a name for all species similar to E. afra with poorly developed branchiae. How many of the reports refer to similar taxa (see Table 39) is difficult to determine without careful review of material from the Philippines. Eunice paupera is listed with similar taxa in Tables 33 and 39; it was discussed above in relation to E. parvibranchis. It is too poorly known to be included in the key. 149. Eunice pauroneurata (Chamberlin, 1919) FIGURE 85d-i; TABLES 27,31 Ltodice pauroneurata Chamberlin, 1919a:249-253, pi. 57: figs. 8-9, pi. 58: figs. 1-9, pi. 59: figs. 1-3. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, USNM 19756, Albatross sta 3401, off Galapagos Islands, 0°59'S, 88°58'3O"W, 722 m, Globigerina ooze, 28 Mar 1891.
NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d a FIGURE 85.—Eunice paucibranchis (slides of type, 21MB Q 3434): a, median parapodium, anterior view; b, compound falciger, median parapodium; c, pectinate seta, median parapodium. Eunice pauroneurata (holotype, USNM 19756): d, anterior end, lateral view; e, parapodium 90, anterior view; f, compound falciger, parapodium 90; g, aciculae, parapodium 90; h, pectinate seta, parapodium 90; i, subacicularhook, parapodium 90. (Scale bars in mm.)
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
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NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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Page 217 and 218: NUMBER 523 205 FIGURE 68.—Eunice
Page 219 and 220: NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
Page 221 and 222: NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
Page 223 and 224: NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
Page 225 and 226: NUMBER 523 213 TABLE 7.—Variable
Page 229 and 230: NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
Page 233 and 234: NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
Page 253 and 254: NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256: NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258: NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
Page 259 and 260: NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
Page 261 and 262: NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
Page 267: NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
Page 271 and 272: NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
Page 273 and 274: NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
Page 275 and 276: NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
Page 279 and 280: NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
Page 281 and 282: NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
Page 283 and 284: NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
Page 289 and 290: NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
Page 291 and 292: NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
Page 293 and 294: NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
Page 297 and 298: NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
Page 299 and 300: NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
Page 303 and 304: NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
Page 307 and 308: NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
Page 309 and 310: NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
Page 311 and 312: NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 315 and 316: NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
Page 317 and 318: NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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