A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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214 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY inflated, tapering, with at least one articulation. Limbate setae short, slender, marginally smooth. Pectinate setae (Figure 70h) small, slightly flaring, flat. One marginal tooth longer than other teeth; -10 teeth present. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 70i) tapering, marginally smooth. Appendages short, very chunky, tridentate. Proximal teeth smaller than distal teeth, triangular. Distal teeth distally split, forming tridentate appendages. Guards distally rounded; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae (Figure 70g) yellow, tapering, sharply bent; cross-sections round. Separation between core and sheath indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 70j) yellow, tridentate with teeth in a crest. Hooks first present from setiger 28, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Main fangs large, laterally directed. Two distal fangs forming small crests, erect. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA- TURES.—None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 4, 6-8, 11, 12, 15-17, 23, 24, 51. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Eunice martensi is listed with similar species in Tables 46 and 47. Four species listed in Table 47 lack reduced branchiae in a median region; these species include E. elseyi, E. lucei, and E. rubra in addition to E. martensi. All the other three species have at least some hammer-headed or weakly bidentate aciculae; in E. martensi all aciculae are pointed. Eunice maxima Quatrefages, 1866 Eunice maxima Quatrefages, 1866:330.—Ehlers, 1868:310-311, pi. 15: figs. 30-34. Nereis gigantea Chiaje, 1825:389, 424, pi. 27: figs. 1-8. REMARKS.—Quatrefages introduced the name Eunice maxima as a replacement name for delle Chiaje's Nereis gigantea described from Gulf of Naples. Quatrefages had no specimens available and was clearly in considerable doubt that the species could be separated from other, similar forms, such as Cuvier's Eunice gigantea and Grube's E. magnifica. He commented that he renamed the form mainly due to the excellent reputation of delle Chiaje as a describer. Ehlers described an anterior fragment collected in Naples region, present in the collection in GOttingen under this name. This specimen is closely similar to Eunice aphroditois, but crucial pieces of information are missing and the identity cannot be confirmed, nor is the specimen currently available. Grube (1878:98) referred the form renamed by Quatrefages to Eunice roussaei, another very large species described by Quatrefages (1866). and No type material is available; the species has never been adequately characterized and is here considered indeterminable. 119. Eunice medicina Moore, 1903 FIGURE 71a-«; TABLES 41, 42 Eunice medicina Moore, 1903:441-444, pi. 25: figs. 49-51. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Syntype, USNM 15852, Albatross sta 3700, Japan, Suruga Wan, 2 miles NE of Seno Umi Bank, (approximately 34°45TSf, 138°3O"E), 7 May 1900, 115 m, volcanic mud and sand, Blake trawl, grapnels and tangles. DESCRIPTION.—Syntype complete with 79 setigers; total length 29 mm; maximal width 1.3 mm; length through scliger 10, 5 mm. Body cylindrical, tapering abruptly anteriorly and slowly posteriorly. Prostomium (Figure 7Id) distinctly shorter and narrower than pcristomium, less than '/2 as deep as pcristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally obliquely truncate, dorsally flattened; median sulcus shallow. Eyes posterior to bases of A-I, dark. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced. Ccratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Only left A-I remaining of ccralostylcs, slender and digitiform, with 3 long, cylindrical articulations, reaching sctigcr 1. Pcristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on all sides; anterior ring 2 /3 of total pcristomial length. Pcristomial cirri to middle of prostomium, slender and digitiform, with 3 articulations. Jaws not examined. Branchiae present, pectinate, not reduced in mid-body region, erect Branchiae from setiger 3 to setiger 26. Branchiae terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55% of total number of setigers. First 5 pairs single filaments (Figure 71a); maximum 7 long, flattened filaments present. Branchial stems slender, erect. Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes truncate, becoming rounded in posterior setigers; aciculae emerging above midline. All presetal lobes low, transverse folds. Anterior postsetal lobe following outline of acicular lobe closely, becoming low transverse fold in postbranchial region. First 2 ventral cirri digitiform, becoming basally inflated in branchial region. Inflated bases barrel-shaped; narrow tips digitiform. Far posterior setigers with less prominent inflated bases; last few ventral cirri digitiform. All notopodial cirri slender and digitiform; anterior notopodial cirri with 3 articulations; posterior notopodial cirri slightly shorter than anterior ones, slightly more distinctly inflated basally, without articulations. Limbate setae slender. Pectinate setae short, flaring, flat. Marginal teeth similar to other teeth; -12 teeth present. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 71b) inflated, marginally serrated. Appendages long, narrow, bidentate. Proximal teeth shorter than distal teeth, tapering, directed basally. Distal teeth sharply bent. Guards symmetrically sharply pointed, mucro-
NUMBER 523 215 FIGURE 71.—Eunice medicina (syntype, USNM 15852): a, parapodium 3, anterior view; b, compound falciger, parapodium 3; c, subacicular hook, parapodium 39; d, anterior end, lateral view; e, aciculae, parapodium 39. Eunice megabranchia (holotype, AHF Poly 1056): f, anterior end, lateral view; g, compound falciger, parapodium 18; h, pectinate seta, parapodium 18; i, parapodium 61, anterior view; j, compound falciger, parapodium 61; k, subacicular hook, parapodium 61; 1, pectinate seu, parapodium 61; m, parapodium 18, anterior view. (Scale bars in mm.)
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
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Page 149 and 150:
NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
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NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
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NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
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NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
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Page 159 and 160:
NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
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Page 163 and 164:
NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
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NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
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NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
Page 175 and 176: NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
Page 177 and 178: NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
Page 179 and 180: NUMBER 523 167 FIGURE 54.—Eunice
Page 181 and 182: NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
Page 183 and 184: NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
Page 185 and 186: NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
Page 189 and 190: NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
Page 191 and 192: NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
Page 195 and 196: NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
Page 197 and 198: NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
Page 199 and 200: NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
Page 201 and 202: NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
Page 203 and 204: NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
Page 207 and 208: NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
Page 209 and 210: NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
Page 213 and 214: NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
Page 215 and 216: NUMBER 523 203 TABLE 6.—Variable
Page 219 and 220: NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
Page 221 and 222: NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
Page 223 and 224: NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
Page 225: NUMBER 523 213 TABLE 7.—Variable
Page 229 and 230: NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
Page 231 and 232: NUMBER 523 219 TABLE 8.—Variable
Page 233 and 234: NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
Page 253 and 254: NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
Page 255 and 256: NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
Page 257 and 258: NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
Page 259 and 260: NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
Page 261 and 262: NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
Page 267 and 268: NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
Page 269 and 270: NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
Page 271 and 272: NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
Page 273 and 274: NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
Page 275 and 276: NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
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NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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