A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
inflated, tapering, with at least one articulation.
Limbate setae short, slender, marginally smooth. Pectinate
setae (Figure 70h) small, slightly flaring, flat. One marginal
tooth longer than other teeth; -10 teeth present. Shafts of
compound falcigers (Figure 70i) tapering, marginally smooth.
Appendages short, very chunky, tridentate. Proximal teeth
smaller than distal teeth, triangular. Distal teeth distally split,
forming tridentate appendages. Guards distally rounded;
mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound
spinigers absent. Aciculae (Figure 70g) yellow, tapering,
sharply bent; cross-sections round. Separation between core
and sheath indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks.
Subacicular hooks (Figure 70j) yellow, tridentate with teeth in
a crest. Hooks first present from setiger 28, present in all
setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements).
Main fangs large, laterally directed. Two distal fangs forming
small crests, erect.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium
anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA-
TURES.—None.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 4, 6-8, 11, 12, 15-17, 23, 24, 51.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Eunice martensi is listed with similar species in
Tables 46 and 47. Four species listed in Table 47 lack reduced
branchiae in a median region; these species include E. elseyi, E.
lucei, and E. rubra in addition to E. martensi. All the other
three species have at least some hammer-headed or weakly
bidentate aciculae; in E. martensi all aciculae are pointed.
Eunice maxima Quatrefages, 1866
Eunice maxima Quatrefages, 1866:330.—Ehlers, 1868:310-311, pi. 15: figs.
30-34.
Nereis gigantea Chiaje, 1825:389, 424, pi. 27: figs. 1-8.
REMARKS.—Quatrefages introduced the name Eunice maxima
as a replacement name for delle Chiaje's Nereis gigantea
described from Gulf of Naples.
Quatrefages had no specimens available and was clearly in
considerable doubt that the species could be separated from
other, similar forms, such as Cuvier's Eunice gigantea and
Grube's E. magnifica. He commented that he renamed the form
mainly due to the excellent reputation of delle Chiaje as a
describer.
Ehlers described an anterior fragment collected in Naples
region, present in the collection in GOttingen under this name.
This specimen is closely similar to Eunice aphroditois, but
crucial pieces of information are missing and the identity
cannot be confirmed, nor is the specimen currently available.
Grube (1878:98) referred the form renamed by Quatrefages
to Eunice roussaei, another very large species described by
Quatrefages (1866).
and
No type material is available; the species has never been
adequately characterized and is here considered indeterminable.
119. Eunice medicina Moore, 1903
FIGURE 71a-«; TABLES 41, 42
Eunice medicina Moore, 1903:441-444, pi. 25: figs. 49-51.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Syntype, USNM 15852, Albatross
sta 3700, Japan, Suruga Wan, 2 miles NE of Seno Umi Bank,
(approximately 34°45TSf, 138°3O"E), 7 May 1900, 115 m,
volcanic mud and sand, Blake trawl, grapnels and tangles.
DESCRIPTION.—Syntype complete with 79 setigers; total
length 29 mm; maximal width 1.3 mm; length through scliger
10, 5 mm. Body cylindrical, tapering abruptly anteriorly and
slowly posteriorly.
Prostomium (Figure 7Id) distinctly shorter and narrower
than pcristomium, less than '/2 as deep as pcristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally obliquely truncate, dorsally flattened;
median sulcus shallow. Eyes posterior to bases of A-I,
dark. Antennae in a horseshoe, evenly spaced. Ccratophores
ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Only left A-I
remaining of ccralostylcs, slender and digitiform, with 3 long,
cylindrical articulations, reaching sctigcr 1. Pcristomium
cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on all sides;
anterior ring 2 /3 of total pcristomial length. Pcristomial cirri to
middle of prostomium, slender and digitiform, with 3 articulations.
Jaws not examined.
Branchiae present, pectinate, not reduced in mid-body
region, erect Branchiae from setiger 3 to setiger 26. Branchiae
terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55%
of total number of setigers. First 5 pairs single filaments (Figure
71a); maximum 7 long, flattened filaments present. Branchial
stems slender, erect.
Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes truncate, becoming
rounded in posterior setigers; aciculae emerging above midline.
All presetal lobes low, transverse folds. Anterior postsetal lobe
following outline of acicular lobe closely, becoming low
transverse fold in postbranchial region. First 2 ventral cirri
digitiform, becoming basally inflated in branchial region.
Inflated bases barrel-shaped; narrow tips digitiform. Far
posterior setigers with less prominent inflated bases; last few
ventral cirri digitiform. All notopodial cirri slender and
digitiform; anterior notopodial cirri with 3 articulations;
posterior notopodial cirri slightly shorter than anterior ones,
slightly more distinctly inflated basally, without articulations.
Limbate setae slender. Pectinate setae short, flaring, flat.
Marginal teeth similar to other teeth; -12 teeth present. Shafts
of compound falcigers (Figure 71b) inflated, marginally
serrated. Appendages long, narrow, bidentate. Proximal teeth
shorter than distal teeth, tapering, directed basally. Distal teeth
sharply bent. Guards symmetrically sharply pointed, mucro-