A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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186 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.— None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 60. Unknown Characters: 4,6. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Kinberg (1865) erected the genus Eriphyle for species of Eunice with quadrilobate prostomia, including E. gigantea Savigny (actually Lamarck, K. Fauchald comment), E. aphroditois Pallas, and E. violacea Grube. The genus has not been recognized by later authors, including Ehlers (1868), who renamed Kinberg's species, because Kinberg's species name was preoccupied in the combination Eunice capensis Schmarda (1861). Eunice kinbergi has been considered a synonym of E. aphroditois: two forms both belong to group B-2 and are similar, as indicated in Table 27. However, E. kinbergi has articulated notopodial cirri and cylindrical articulations in the ceratostyles; E. aphroditois lacks articulations of both structures. Eunice kinbergi is one of two species in Table 29 with basally inflated ventral cirri continued to the posterior end; the other species is E. plicata. The latter has only about five branchial filaments; the former has 22 filaments. Eunice kinbergi (Webster, 1884) Nicidion kinbergi Webster, 1884:320, pi. 12: figs. 81-88 [not Eunice kinbergi Ehlers, 1868:306]. Eunice (Nicidion) kinbergi.—Hartman, 1944:124; 1959:313. REMARKS.—Originally described in Nicidion, this species must be renamed, because the name, once the genus Nicidion was fused with Eunice, became pre-occupied in the combination E. kinbergi Ehlers, 1868. The species is here renamed E. goodei. 98. Eunice kobiensis Mclntosh, 1885 FIGURE 61a-i; TABLES 19,20 Eunice kobiensis Mclntosh, 1885:278-280, figs. 37, 38, pi. 38: figs. 12, 13, pi. 20A: figs. 1, 3.—Fauchald, 1969: 4-6. fig. 2a-g. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, BM(NH) ZK. 1885.12.1.197, Dredged off Kobe, Japan, 8-50 fathoms. Challenger. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The specimen has been frontally dissected and the jaw apparatus removed; it is cut into two pieces. Two sets of maxillae are present in a small vial accompanying the specimen; the maxillary formula is the same for both sets, even if one set appears too large to fit the holotype. DESCRIPTION.—Holotype incomplete, of unknown sex, with 131 setigers; length 55 mm; maximal width 3.5 mm; length through setiger 10, 6.5 mm. Prostomium (Figure 61a) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than x ti as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally slightly flattened; median sulcus deep. Antennae in shallow horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles slender, tapering, with up to 5 long, cylindrical articulations. A-I to posterior peristomial ring; A-I I to sctigcr 3; A-I 11 to sctiger 8. Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on all sides; anterior ring ~ 2 h of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring, slender, with 4 articulations. Maxillary formula 1+1, 7+8, 7+0, 10+12, and 1+1. Mx III nearly as long as left Mx II; located behind Max II. Branchiae (Figure 61c) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from sctigcr 3 to sctigcr 41. Branchiae terminating well before posterior end, present on less than 55% of total number of setigers. Three first and last 2 pairs single filaments, all others pectinate with up to 8 filaments. Stems slender, tapering, about as long as notopodial cirri. Filaments slender, about as long as notopodial cirri. Prc- and postbranchial ncuropodial acicular lobes (Figure 61b, 0 distally rounded; acicular lobes in branchial region distally bluntly conical; aciculac emerging at midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. Prc- and postbranchial ventral cirri thick, tapering. Ventral cirri basally inflated from about setiger 4. Inflated bases ovate; tips thick and tapering. Anterior notopodial cirri long, medially inflated, becoming increasingly slender and tapering in branchial and postbranchial setigers. Prebranchial and branchial notopodial cirri with up to 3 long, cylindrical articulations; postbranchial notopodial cirri without articulations. Limbate setae slender. Pectinate setae (Figure 6Id) narrow, tapering, flat. One marginal tooth distinctly longer than other teeth, with -10 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 61c,g) gently inflated, marginally finely dentate at least in some hooks. Appendages narrow, tapering, bidentate. Proximal teeth smaller than distal teeth, triangular, directed laterally or slightly distally. Distal teeth gently curved, blunt or pointed. Guards asymmetrically pointed; mucros absent. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae (Figure 61 i) paired, yellow, pointed, straight or gently curved; crosssections round. Separation between core and sheath indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks (Figure 61 h) yellow, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 30, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Hooks tapering; head distinct. Proximal and distal teeth similar in size. Proximal teeth triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth curved, distinctly narrower than proximal teeth. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Features associated with far posterior parapodia; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.— None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5 1. m c. d. g. h e, t a FIGURE 61.—Eunice kobiensis (holotype, BM(NH) ZK. 1885.12.1.197): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, parapodium 2, anterior view; c, compound falciger, parapodium 19; d, pectinate seta, parapodium 19; e, parapodium 19, anterior view; f, parapodium 127, anterior view; g, compound falciger, parapodium 127; h, subacicular hook, parapodium 127; i, aciculae, parapodium 127. Eunice langi (holotype, AMHN 3739): j, parapodium 51, anterior view; k, parapodium 20, anterior view; 1, compound falciger, parapodium 20; m, pectinate seta, parapodium 51; n, acicula, parapodium 51; o, subacicular hook, parapodium 51. (Scale bars in mm.)
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
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NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
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NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
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NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
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NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
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NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
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NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
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NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
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NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
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NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
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NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
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NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
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NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
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NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
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NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
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NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
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NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
Page 147 and 148: NUMBER 523 135 FIGURE 43.—Eunice
Page 149 and 150: NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
Page 151 and 152: NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
Page 153 and 154: NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
Page 155 and 156: NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
Page 159 and 160: NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
Page 163 and 164: NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
Page 165 and 166: NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
Page 167 and 168: NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170: NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
Page 171 and 172: NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
Page 173 and 174: NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
Page 175 and 176: NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
Page 177 and 178: NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
Page 181 and 182: NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
Page 183 and 184: NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
Page 185 and 186: NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
Page 189 and 190: NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
Page 191 and 192: NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
Page 195 and 196: NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
Page 197: NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
Page 201 and 202: NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
Page 203 and 204: NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
Page 207 and 208: NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
Page 209 and 210: NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
Page 213 and 214: NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
Page 219 and 220: NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
Page 221 and 222: NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
Page 223 and 224: NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
Page 229 and 230: NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
Page 233 and 234: NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 245 and 246: NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
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NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
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NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
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NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
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NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
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NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
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NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
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NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
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NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
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NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
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NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
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NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
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NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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NUMBER 523 273 TABLE 13.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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