A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

NUMBER 523 169
85. Eunice hawaiensis Treadwell, 1906
FIGURE 55»-f; TABLES 19,21
Eunice hawaiensis Treadwell, 1906: 1166-1167, figs. 42-44.
Eunice hawaiiensis.—Fauchald, 1970:206 [note misspelling of species name].
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, USNM 5210, Albatross
sta 4134, off Hawaii Island, 225-324 fathoms, fine coral and
volcanic sand.
COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The lower half of
the peristomium and first setiger have been sliced off; the cut is
indicated by a dashed line in the illustration. The specimen is
otherwise in good condition; it is in part covered with a loose
mucoid-appearing material and may have been tubicolous in
life.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype incomplete, of unknown sex, with
118 sciigcrs; length 115 mm; maximal width 7 mm at setiger
10; length through setiger 10, 13 mm.
Prostomium (Figure 55a) distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, as deep as x li of peristomium. Prostomial
lobes frontally rounded, dorsally slightly inflated; median
sulcus deep. Palpal areas set off by frontal, horizontal grooves.
Eyes between bases of A-I and A-II, brown. Antennae in
shallow horseshoe, evenly spaced; A-I thinner than A-II and
A-I 11. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without
articulations. Ceratostyles slender and tapering, without articulations.
A-I to middle of anterior peristomial ring; A-II to
setiger 5; A-I 11 to setiger 8. Peristomium apparently cylindrical,
considerably wider than prostomium. Separation between rings
barely visible dorsally, indeterminable ventrally; anterior ring
-*h of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to front edge of
peristomium, tapering to slender tips, without articulations.
Maxillary formula 1+1, 8+9, 8+0, 12+12, 1+1 according to
Treadwell (1906:1167).
Branchiae (Figure 55b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 3 to 54. Branchiae terminating well
before posterior end. Last 4 pairs single filaments; all other
branchiae strongly pectinate with up to 30 filaments. Stems
strong, erect, tapering, longer than notopodial cirri. Filaments
slender, filiform, shorter than notopodial cirri.
Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes distally rounded, somewhat
more pointed in last setigers present; aciculae emerging at
midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. First 3
ventral cirri thick, tapering, becoming basally inflated in
branchial region. Inflated bases ovate; narrow tips long,
tapering. Postbranchial ventral cirri less distinctly inflated
basally, becoming thick and tapering in last setigers present.
Notopodial cirri distinctly inflated basally, tapering to slender,
digitiform tips, similar in shape, but shorter in postbranchial
region. Notopodial cirri without articulations.
Limbate setae long, slender. Pectinate setae (Figure 55e)
very short, slender, tapering, flat. One marginal tooth distinctly
longer than other teeth, with -12 very long, slender teeth.
Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 55f) distally inflated,
marginally smooth. Appendages long, narrow, with nearly
parallel sides and small head, bidentate. Proximal teeth smaller
than distal teeth, reduced triangular, directed laterally. Distal
teeth erect, tapering. Guards symmetrically sharply pointed
with short, slender mucros, marginally serrated. Pseudocompound
falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae
(Figure 55c) paired, yellow. Inferior aciculae blunt or truncate,
slightly curved. Superior aciculae tapering to blunt tips,
straight; cross-sections round. Separation between core and
sheath indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks.
Subacicular hooks (Figure 55d) yellow, bidentate. Hooks first
present from setiger 30, present in all setigers thereafter, always
single (except for replacements). Hooks tapering to very small
heads. Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth, tapering, directed
laterally. Distal teeth very short, thick, sharply tapered. Guards
short and truncate.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Relationship between
Mx III and left Mx IV; features associated with far
posterior setigers; pygidium and anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Mx III long and located behind left Mx II.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 22, 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 1,2,24, 25, 38,42,47, 50, 63.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—38,2.
REMARKS.—Eunice hawaiensis was considered, incorrectly,
to be a member of group C-l by Fauchald (1970), who also
misspelled the species name; it is in fact a member of group
A-l and closely resembles E. megabranchia and E. validobranchiata.
These and related species are listed in Tables 19 and 21.
Eunice hawaiensis has branchiae ending at setiger 54, with up
to 30 filaments, mucronate compound falcigers and the
notopodial cirri lack articulations throughout the body. Eunice
megabranchia has branchiae ending at setiger 54, up to 47
branchial filaments, mucronate compound falcigers and the
notopodial cirri are articulated in anterior setigers. The
separation between the peristomial rings is barely visible
dorsally in E. hawaiensis and forming a distinct cincture in E.
megabranchia. Eunice validobranchiata has branchiae through
setigers 37-40 with up to 33 filaments; amucronate compound
falcigers and the notopodial cirri lack articulations throughout
the body; the separation between the peristomial rings is
indistinct laterally in this species.
86. Eunice heterochaeta Quatrefages, 1866
FIGURE 55g-l; TABLES 19,21
Eunice heterochaeta Quatrefages. 1866:314, pi.10: fig. 3.—Grube, 1870a:295-
-296.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, MNHN, Paris, A.I (R.)-
1868-no. 48a, Guettary, Quatrefages.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with