A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

NUMBER 523 165
24, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for
replacements). Hooks tapering to small heads; both teeth
directed distally and similar in size.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Relationship between
Mx III and left Mx IV; pygidium and anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Mx III short and forming part of distal arc with left Mx IV.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 60. Unknown
Characters: 13,14,74,78.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—The holotype was examined by Arthur Willey,
who referred it to E. floridana. Baird stated that the posterior
half of the type was abranchiate; as indicated above, this is not
the case: about 80% of the body is branchiated.
Eunice guildingi has been reported only once. It is listed in
Tables 27 and 31. Two species listed in Table 31 have the bases
of the ventral cirri inflated to near the posterior end. Eunice
bornecnsis has articulated peristomial cirri reaching the middle
of the peristomium; E. guildingi has peristomial cirri without
articulations reaching the middle of the prostomium.
Leodice gunnertStorm. 1881:92-95.
"Eunice" gunneri (Storm, 1881)
REMARKS.—Three species of Nereis were described in the
late 1700s from the ahermatypic coral reefs of Norwegian
fjords; two by O.F. Miiller, Nereis pennata and Nereis pinnata,
were found in the Oslofjord near DrCbak. The third species,
named by Linnaeus on material sent him by Gunnerus from
Trondheims-fjorden, was called Nereis norvegica.
The characterization of these species were adequate for the
time, and especially as illustrated by Gunnerus (1768), N.
norvegica appears to be well characterized as having branchiae
starting at about setiger 6 and continued to the far posterior end.
Nereis pinnata and N. norwegica (note spelling) were
transferred to Eunice by Cuvier (1817:525), who appears to
have overlooked N. pennata. Lamarck (1818:323) synonymized
N. pennata with N. norwegica under the name
Leodice norwegica and maintained L. pinnata as a distinct
species. Orsted (1845:402 and 406) complicated the issue by
reporting a single species, which he called E. norvegica, from
the Oslofjord and described it as having branchiae limited to
the anterior end and light-colored aciculae and subacicular
hooks.
Storm (1881) recognized the presence of two species
associated with the ahermatypic reef at Statsbygd, Trondheimsfjorden,
Norway. One species, which he, in accord with
Orsted, called Leodice norvegica, had branchiae from setiger 7
and limited to the anterior end, with up to 17 branchial
filaments where best developed. The other species, which he
newly described as Leodice gunneri, had branchiae from setiger
6 and continued to the posterior end, with up to nine branchial
filaments where best developed. The aciculae and subacicular
hooks were described as black. This description matches the
original description of N. norvegica by Linnaeus (1767) and the
illustration given of that species by Gunnerus (1768) and
cannot match either of Muller's two species.
Storms name, Leodice gunneri (= Eunice gunneri), is here
considered a junior synonym of Eunice norvegica. No material
of E. gunneri identified by Storm exists in the collections in
Trondheim or Oslo, Norway (Tor StrOmgren, Inger Winsnes, in
litt.).
The name Eunice pennata (Miiller, 1776) is here, as in most
of the literature, applied to a species with branchiae limited to
the anterior end and light-colored aciculae and subacicular
hooks (a member of group Al, see below). Muller's second
species, Nereis pinnata, is unidentifiable (see below).
Eunice guttata Baird, 1869:350.
82. Eunice guttata Baird, 1869
FIGURE 53f-j; TABLES 27,28
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, BM(NH) ZB 1972.71,
taken between Bombay and Singapore, Indian Ocean.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with
115 setigers; total length 52 mm; maximal width 3 mm at
setiger 10; length through setiger 10, 8 mm.
Prostomium (Figure 530 distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, as deep as l /2 of peristomium. Prostomial
lobes frontally obliquely truncate, dorsally flattened; median
sulcus deep. Eyes not observed. Antennae in shallow horseshoe,
evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores
ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles
long, tapering, without articulations. A-I to posterior edge of
peristomium; A-II to setiger 2; A-III to setiger 3. Peristomium
slightly tapering anteriorly. Separation between rings distinct
only dorsally; anterior ring 4 /s of total peristomial length.
Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring,
tapering, without articulations.
Jaws not observed.
Branchiae (Figure 53g) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 6 to setiger 105. Branchiae present to
near posterior end, present on more than 65% of total number
of setigers. Where best developed branchiae distinctly pectinate
with up to 10 filaments. Branchial stems nearly digitiform,
longer than notopodial cirri. Filaments slender, digitiform, as
long as or shorter than notopodial cirri.
Neuropodial acicular lobes conical or depressed conical;
aciculae emerging at midline. Presetal lobes low, transverse
folds. Anterior postsetal lobes rounded, flattened, as high as
acicular lobe, becoming reduced to low, transverse folds in
median and posterior setigers. Anterior ventral cirri tapering.
Ventral cirri basally inflated from about setiger 20; ventral cirri