A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and
anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
None.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 23,42, 65-68.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Described on material collected during the
Novara Expedition, this species was named in a brief note. In
this note Grube stated that the species described from the
Novara material under the name E. gracilis should be
considered a variety of E. antennata Sav., differing basically in
the greater articulations of the notopodia. This note was
published before the expedition report came out, so the official
original name for the species becomes E. antennata gracilis.
The types differ clearly from E. antennata and is here
considered a distinct species.
Eunice gracilis is listed with similar species in Tables 46 and
48. It is the only species in Table 48 with very poorly marked
separation between the anterior and posterior ring of the
peristomium; in this species it is barely visible dorsally and
indiscernible laterally and ventrally; in the other species in this
table, the separation is at the very least distinct dorsally and
ventrally and in some species is distinct on all sides.
Eunice gracilis Moore, 1903
Eunice gracilis Moore, 1903:440-441, pi. 25: figs. 46-48.
REMARKS.—The name E. gracilis is preoccupied in the
combination E. gracilis Grube, 1866. Moore's species, which
clearly differs from Grube's, is here renamed E.japonica and is
described below.
Eunice gracilis (Crossland, 1904)
Nicidion gracilis Crossland, 1904:327-329, fig. 66, pi. 22: figs. 10, 11.
Eunice (Nicidion) gracilis.—Hartman, 1959:313.
REMARKS.—With the fusion of Nicidion and Eunice, the
specific name becomes preoccupied in the combination E.
gracilis Grube, 1866. Crossland's species is here renamed E.
wasinensis and is described below.
78. Eunice gravieri Fauvel, 1911
TABLES 24,25
Eunice gravieri Fauvel, 1911:14-15, figs. la-b. 2a-d; 1914:145-146, pi. 10:
figs. 1-4 and 11-18.
DESCRIPTION.—The types are not available. Fauvel's two
descriptions are detailed and suffice to characterize the species.
Types two small specimens, one incomplete, other 28 mm
long and 2 mm wide (presumably with parapodia); numbers of
setigers not mentioned but must have exceeded 50.
Prostomium frontally rounded. Two pairs of eyes; 1 between
bases of A-I and A-I I and 1 pair posterior and slightly medial to
other pair, hidden under peristomial fold. Ceratophores
ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles
slender and digitiform, with up to 6 long, cylindrical
articulations in A-I 11 (as illustrated, not moniliform as stated by
Fauvel). A-I I and III to setiger 8. Peristomium apparently a
single ring. Peristomial cirri very slender and digitiform,
reaching well beyond frontal edge of peristomium, articulated
(Fauvel's illustrations conflict with his text).
Maxillary formula 1+1,6+7,7+0,6+10,1+1, and 1 + 1. Mx V
and VI reduced. Mx III part of distal arc with left Mx IV.
Branchiae present, single filaments, distinctly shorter than
notopodial cirri. Branchiae from sctigcr 5 to setiger 20 or 26.
Branchiae terminating well before posterior end. Filaments
digitiform.
Ventral cirri basally inflated in branchial region, tapering in
anterior and far posterior setigers. Notopodial cirri digiliform,
vaguely articulated, at least through branchial region.
Pectinate setae narrow. One marginal tooth very long, stout,
with -10 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigcrs lapcring or
slightly inflated, marginally smooth. Appendages relatively
short, with large heads, bidentate. Proximal teeth triangular,
slightly tapering, directed at various angles. Distal teeth either
gently curved and slender or thick with distinct bends. Guards
symmetrically bluntly pointed; mucros absent. Pseudocompound
falcigcrs and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae dark,
tapering, pointed, straight in anterior setigers, bent in posterior
setigers; cross-sections round. Subacicular hooks dark, bidentate.
Hooks first present from setiger 25. Hooks strongly
curved, with distinct inflated region just below heads. Proximal
teeth larger than distal tooth, directed laterally. Distal tooth
directed obliquely distally.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Numerous features
from all parts of the body.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Species too poorly known to allow predictions.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 26, 33, 34, 39,40, 56,
58, 59. Unknown Characters: 1, 4-6, 8-12, 15-17, 24, 38,
43-51, 54, 55, 65, 67, 74, 78, 81, 82.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Some puzzling features described by Fauvel
need confirmation. The presence of four eyes is rare in the
family. An entire peristomium, as far as I know, has never been
reported for any other species. The distribution of branchiae
and the structure of the branchiae are similar to what is present
in certain juveniles, but these features are by no means uniquely
juvenile features. The species is listed with similar species in
Tables 24 and 25; it is not characterized by a single unique
feature; other than those noted above. It is too poorly known to
be included in the key.